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| | Since 1950, the PRC has been illegally occupying the countries of [[Tibet]] and [[East Turkestan]]. | | Since 1950, the PRC has been illegally occupying the countries of [[Tibet]] and [[East Turkestan]]. |
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| − | ====East Turkestan (Xinjiang)====
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| − | :{{Main article|East Turkestan}}
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| − | [[File:Uyghur forced labor and reeducation camp for girls.jpg|right|300pc|thumb|Uyghur forced labor and reeducation camp for girls in Xinjiang.<ref>[https://www.aspi.org.au/report/uyghurs-sale Uyghurs for sale], Vicky Xiuzhong Xu, Danielle Cave, Dr. James Leibold, Kelsey Munro & Nathan Ruser, Australia Strategic Policy Institute, March 1, 2020.</ref>]]
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| − | The main inhabitants of East Turkestan are the [[Uighur]]s among other Turkic peoples such as [[Kazakh]]s, Kirghiz, Uzbek and Tatars. East Turkestan was an independent country until the year 1949, when it was invaded by the [[Communist Chinese]].<ref name="iuhrdf.org">https://www.iuhrdf.org/uyghurs</ref> From the years 1951–1959, there were over 14 major armed rebellions against the Chinese occupation. The largest armed rebellion took place in Khotan from December 28–31, 1954.
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| − | According to some reports, the CCP has begun to move large numbers of Uyghurs, including many former detainees, into textile, apparel, and other labor-intensive industries in Xinjiang and other PRC provinces. Uyghurs who refuse to accept such employment may be threatened with detention. They continue to be heavily monitored outside of work, and are required to attend political study classes at night. A study by the Australian Strategic Policy Institute identified nearly 120 Chinese and foreign companies, including global brands, that the institute alleges directly or indirectly benefit from Uyghur labor in potentially abusive circumstances.<ref>https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF10281</ref>
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| − | Uyghurs are working in factories that are in the supply chains of at least 83 well-known global brands in the technology, clothing and automotive sectors, including [[Apple]], [[BMW]], Gap, [[Huawei]], [[Nike, Inc.]], [[Samsung]], [[Sony]] and [[Volkswagen]]. In factories far away from home, they typically live in segregated dormitories, undergo organised Mandarin and ideological training outside working hours, are subject to constant surveillance, and are forbidden from participating in religious observances.<ref>https://www.aspi.org.au/report/uyghurs-sale</ref>
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| − | ===Hong Kong===
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| − | :{{Main article|Hong Kong Independence Movement}}
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| − | [[File:Hong Kong protests.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Grafetti from the late November 2019 Hong Kong democracy protests reads: "Dear World, CCP will infiltrate your government, Chinese enterprises $ interfere your political stance, China will harvest your home like [[Xinjiang]]. BE AWARE or BE NEXT!"<ref>https://twitter.com/HKstreetart/status/1196483549492391937/photo/1</ref>]]
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| − | [[Hong Kong]] was guaranteed its democratic sovereignty in a peace arrangement between the [[United Kingdom]] in 1997, and [[Macau]] was handed over by [[Portugal]] in 1999. <!--Both territories are now [[Special Administrative Region]]s and have autonomy over local affairs. However, the autonomy has been eroded in recent years, particularly after the 2014 "Umbrella Revolution".--> In 2020, the CCP violated and abolished the international peace agreement guarantying Hong Kong's democratic sovereignty, and brought the formerly free people under control of the oppressive socialist and communist slave system.
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| − | The Hong Kong branch of the Chinese Communist Party was founded in 1947 as the Xinhua News Agency Hong Kong Branch. Although the party has ruled Hong Kong since 1997, it remains technically illegal, or "underground." This status, unique among the world's ruling parties, allows the CCP to evade local laws that require political parties to disclose financing and to provide a membership list. In 2000, the name of the branch was changed to "Liaison Office of the Central People's Government." It is headquartered in a tower in the city's Sai Ying Pun district. In 2003, the office was reorganized as a "second government" parallel and equal in status to the "local government" in Admiralty. Since 2012, Sai Ying Pun has been the dominant partner in the Hong Kong government. The Liaison Office is headed by a director, currently Luo Huining. Luo is a member of the national party's central committee. The office has extensive and undisclosed property holdings through Newman Investment, a subsidiary. The office reports to the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office, an agency of the Beijing government. This agency is currently headed by Xia Baolong, also a central committee member.
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| − | The Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984 provides that Hong Kong will enjoy a "high degree of autonomy except for foreign and defence affairs" under a "one country, two systems" approach. This approach was to last for fifty years, from 1997 to 2047. China promised that it would hold a direct election for chief executive by 2017. In August 2014, the Chinese parliament announced that Hong Kong voters would choose a chief executive from two or three candidates nominated by a committee. This announcement triggered mass pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong in the form of the Umbrella Movement. The protests failed to the stop the selection of Carrie Lam as chief executive in 2017. In 2017, a spokesman for the Chinese Foreign Ministry announced that the joint declaration was no longer valid.
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| − | In 2019 the Hong Kong government proposed a bill to [[extradite]] suspects who were wanted on the mainland. Unlike Hong Kong courts, mainland courts do not provide suspects with due process or other legal protections. A series of the enormous protests were held in Hong Kong and the bill was withdrawn on October 23, 2019. Parties that supported the pro-democracy protesters swept the District Council elections that were held in November.<ref>Loh, Christine, "[https://hkupress.hku.hk/pro/con/1724.pdf Underground Front: The Chinese Communist Party in Hong Kong]" Second Edition.</ref>
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| − | After the Hong Kong ''anschluss'', school textbooks were trimmed to "patriotic" standards. Terms like "Republic of China" are no longer to be found.
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| − | ===East Ladakh===
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| − | :{{See also|Ladakh}}
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| − | China has illegally occupied a portion of Eastern Ladakh since the late 1950s.<ref>https://tfipost.com/2020/06/why-aksai-chin-and-not-china-occupied-ladakh-aksai-chin-tells-a-story-of-indias-appeasement-policy-towards-china/</ref>
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| − | In June 2020 troops from the Peoples Liberation Army (PLA) and India clashed in the Galwan Valley.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53062484</ref> The battle was fought with rocks, batons, and barbed wire-wrapped clubs. A 1996 agreement banned the use of guns and explosives along the disputed line of control. India reported 20 of their soldiers were killed, whereas the People's Republic of China (PRC) did not report any of its deaths. Indian media and the [[Russia]]n news agency [[TASS]] reported that as many as 45 PLA soldiers may have been killed.<ref>https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/china-says-5-military-officers-soldiers-killed-in-galwan-clash-with-india-report-2373770</ref> Over the following 12 months the PLA increased its troop strength along the border from 15,000 to 50,000 by July 2021, and moved advanced surface-to-air missiles including its HQ-9 system, which is similar to Russia's S-300 and America's [[Patriot missile]].<ref>https://archive.is/6Hbvt</ref>
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| − | ===Tibet===
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| − | :{{Main article|Tibet}}
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| − | [[File:Dalai Lama visits Obama.jpeg|right|300px|thumb|The [[Dalai Lama]], the [[Head of State]] of [[Tibet]], is escorted out of an [[Oval Office]] meeting with [[Barack Obama]] past garbage bags; the photo-op was staged to please Obama's communist Chinese financiers.<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/02/18/obama.dalailama/index.html ''CNN''</ref>]]
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| − | Resistance to the Chinese occupation started to take on organized forms as early as 1952, reached massive proportions in 1959, and has continued, primarily underground, ever since.<ref>[http://www.tibet.com/WhitePaper/exesum.html Tibet: Proving Truth from Facts]</ref> Tibetans inside Tibet have no basic [[human rights]]. Particularly, nuns and monks are being denied the right to practice their religion freely. People are forced to denounce their spiritual leader, His Holiness the [[Dalai Lama]]. Even carrying a photo of the Dalai Lama is prohibited.<ref>http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2012/05/201253192951400741.html</ref>
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| − | The Dalai Lama was made Tibetan head of state in 1950, the same year that China invaded and occupied Tibet.<ref name=DalaiLama>FlorCruz, Jaime, CNN Beijing Bureau Chief (February 18, 2010). [https://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/asiapcf/02/18/analysis.china.dalai.lama/index.html "Analysis: Why the Dalai Lama angers China"]. Cable News Network website/World/Asia Pacific.</ref> [[CNN]] reports the Chinese government finds it "unacceptable when they see the Dalai Lama treated as a VIP, or even akin to a [[head of state]]."<ref name=DalaiLama/>
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| − | After the Dalai Lama met with Barack Obama in February, 2010 he was unceremoniously escorted through a side door that trash is regularly carried out for a photo op with awaiting cameras.
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| − | On Secretary of State [[Hillary Clinton]]'s first official visit to China, the Secretary told Chinese leaders the [[Obama administration]] considered [[human rights]] concerns secondary to economic survival<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/4735087/Hillary-Clinton-Chinese-human-rights-secondary-to-economic-survival.html Hillary Clinton: Chinese human rights secondary to economic survival,] Richard Spencer, ''[[Daily Telegraph]],'' 20 Feb 2009.</ref> and asked the CCP leaders for help financing President Obama's massive $787 billion economic stimulus plan by buying US Treasury securities.<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/article.php?id=CNG.42a44b0f5d9cf5c9762e80574e79a3d5.831&show_article=1 Clinton wraps Asia trip by asking China to buy US debt,] [[Breitbart.com]], Feb 22 2009.</ref>
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| − | Often portrayed as a religious leader by [[Western]] media, the Dalai Lama was made Tibetan head of state in 1950, the same year that Communist China committed an act of aggression against Tibet.<ref name=Dalai>[https://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/asiapcf/02/18/analysis.china.dalai.lama/index.html Analysis: Why the Dalai Lama angers China,] Jaime FlorCruz, CNN Beijing Bureau Chief, February 18, 2010.</ref>
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| − | ===Southern Mongolia (Inner Mongolia)===
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| − | :{{Main article|Southern Mongolian Independence Movement}}
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| − | The Southern Mongolian Independence Movement (also known as the Inner Mongolian Independence Movement) is a movement for the independence of Inner Mongolia from China. Some in the movement also advocate for a merger with Mongolia.<ref name="unpo.org">https://unpo.org/members/7883</ref>
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| − | [[File:Hada.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Hada, leader of the e Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance, has been arrested and detained beyond his term of sentence.<ref>http://www.smhric.org/Hada/Hada_1.htm</ref>]]
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| − | Southern Mongolia (formally the Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center or SMHRIC) has been a Member of UNPO (Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization) since 2007. UNPO supports the endeavors of the SMHRIC through advocating for its cause and raising awareness of the PRC's discriminatory policies within the region in the [[European Union]] (EU) and United Nations (UN). SMHRIC's main goal is to establish a democratic structure in Southern Mongolia through gathering and distributing facts and information regarding the ongoing human rights violations within Southern Mongolia. SMHRIC also aims to educate the Mongolian population about human rights and democracy. SMHRIC runs the Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center at www.shhric.org with regular updates on the struggles of the Mongolian people living in the PRC.<ref>http://www.smhric.org/index.htm</ref>
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| − | According to the UNPO website, the history of Southern Mongolia within China is marked with perpetual injustice and indignity. Starting from its annexation by the PRC in 1949 Southern Mongolia has undergone a series of political purges, ethnic cleansing, cultural assimilation, economic marginalization, and environmental destruction. It has not simply a case of the people being denied their basic right to [[self-determination]], but also of a people who have been subject to perpetual systematic persecution, a denial of basic human rights, dignities and cultural heritage. The state apparatus in China has been implementing hostile policies that directly and adversely affect the Mongolian pastoralist way of life, while also causing immeasurable damage to the environment. Within the last few years, the consequences of these policies whose aim is to extract minerals from the region, as well as the violence associated with them have increased.
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| − | Mongolian herders have been displaced through policies such as ‘ecological migration’ and ‘ban over livestock grazing’ leaving many landless, jobless and [[homeless]]. Moreover, through these policies, the PRC attempts to replace the traditions and cultures of Mongolians with more Sino-centric cultural characteristics. Thousands of Chinese state-run mining companies have come to occupy vast territories of Southern Mongolia, continuing to destroy the local economy by dumping hazardous waste in traditional herder grasslands.<ref name="unpo.org"/>
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| − | ===Manchuria===
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| − | :{{Main article|Manchuria}}
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| − | Manchuria is a country currently under the occupation of China.<ref>https://maps.nls.uk/view/101105755</ref> The current Emperor, who resides exiled in Japan, is Dokuritsu Aisingyoro. There is a Manchu government in exile that advocates for the restoration of its independence.<ref>http://www.manchukuo.net/index33e.htm#National_Name</ref> Manchuria was occupied when the Republic of China was established in 1912. In 1932, Manchukuo gained independence from the Republic of China. The last Qing emperor, Emperor Henry Puyi Aisingyoro became the Manchukuo emperor.
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| − | After Japan's defeat in the Great East Asian War in 1945, Manchuria was occupied by China again. Japan regained sovereignty in 1952, yet Manchuria remained occupied by the totalitarian Chinese communists.
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| − | The Manchukuo Temporary Government was established in 2004 to fight for independence again. The successor of the Aisingyoro family succeeded to the throne. From 2015, Dokuritsu Aisingyoro succeed the throne and appointed Mr. Cheung Siu Bong as the President. On March 7, 2019. The Manchukuo Government in Exile and Manchukuo Temporary Government merged into the Manchukuo Government. Mr Fu Jun became the New President.
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| − | Manchukuo has an ambassador in Japan and representatives in the United States, Taiwan and Brazil.
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| − | ===Cantonia===
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| − | :{{Main article|Cantonia Independence Movement}}
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| − | Cantonese speaking China. 14th largest economy on the planet.
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| − | [[File:SouthChinaSea.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Disputed claims in the South China Sea.]]
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| | ===South China Sea=== | | ===South China Sea=== |