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| | '''Aspect''' is a part of [[verb]] conjugation that indicates the quality of an action, e.g., whether it is a discrete action or ongoing. Broadly, many languages distinguish the '''imperfective''' aspect (an ongoing or habitual action) from the '''perfective''' aspect (a single completed action). For example, in the [[sentence]] "I was eating a sandwich when she arrived," "was eating" is imperfective, while "arrived" is perfective. Some languages divide aspect more finely; for example: | | '''Aspect''' is a part of [[verb]] conjugation that indicates the quality of an action, e.g., whether it is a discrete action or ongoing. Broadly, many languages distinguish the '''imperfective''' aspect (an ongoing or habitual action) from the '''perfective''' aspect (a single completed action). For example, in the [[sentence]] "I was eating a sandwich when she arrived," "was eating" is imperfective, while "arrived" is perfective. Some languages divide aspect more finely; for example: |
| − | *'''Progressive,''' indicating an action that was ongoing as of the reference time ("I was eating the sandwich.") | + | *'''Progressive''', indicating an action that was ongoing as of the reference time ("I was eating the sandwich.") |
| − | *'''Iterative''' or '''habitual,''' indicating a repeated or habitual action ("I eat a sandwich for lunch every day.") | + | *'''Iterative''' or '''habitual''', indicating a repeated or habitual action ("I eat a sandwich for lunch every day.") |
| − | *'''Aorist,''' indicating a single completed action considered by itself ("I ate a sandwich at 12:00 today.") | + | *'''Aorist''' (pronounced ''āər''-əst), indicating a single completed action considered by itself ("I ate a sandwich at 12:00 today.") |
| − | *'''Perfect,''' indicating a state resulting from an action or an ongoing relevance of an action ("The sandwich is eaten.") | + | *'''Perfect''', indicating a state resulting from an action or an ongoing relevance of an action ("The sandwich is eaten.") |
| | + | == Aorist == |
| | + | Aspect is what differs the aorist from the imperfect. "While the aorist presents an action as completed or a state as ended, the imperfect presents an action as not completed—as being in progress at some point in the past—or a state as still being in effect at some previous time."<ref name="H">https://hellenisticgreek.com/23.html</ref> |
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| | + | The following examples are provided to distinguish aorist from imperfect: |
| | + | <blockquote>Ἰησοῦς δὲ ἐπορεύθη εἰς τὸ ὄρος τῶν ἐλαιῶν (aorist) |
| | + | And Jesus went to the Mount of Olives (John 8:1) |
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| | + | ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἐπορεύετο σὺν αὐτοῖς (imperfect) |
| | + | <br>And Jesus was going with them |
| | + | And Jesus went with them (Luke 7:6)</blockquote><ref name="H"/> |
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| | [[Category:Grammar]] | | [[Category:Grammar]] |