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→Identifying propaganda
# Distortions of fact.
# Distortions of fact.
# Extreme pronouncements, which are a form of [[Logical fallacy#Overgeneralization|over-generalizations]].
# Extreme pronouncements, which are a form of [[Logical fallacy#Overgeneralization|over-generalizations]].
# Intimidation. This may include [[Logical fallacy#Proof by numbers|arguing from the numbers]] or reminding an opponent of the power of the particular individual or group engaging in the intimidation—or of an individual or group for which one claims to speak.
# Intimidation. This may include [[Logical fallacy#Proof by numbers|arguing from the numbers]] or reminding an opponent of the power of the particular individual or group engaging in the intimidation—or of an individual or group for which one claims to speak.
# Using abridged or out-of-context quotes to give a false impression, aka [[Quote mining]].
# Using abridged or out-of-context quotes to give a false impression, aka [[Quote mining]].
# Outright lies. Dr. [[Josef Goebbels]], Minister of Propaganda for [[Adolf Hitler]], famously observed that if one tells a lie loudly enough and often enough, people will believe it rather than believe that anyone could lie so outrageously.
# Outright lies. Dr. [[Josef Goebbels]], Minister of Propaganda for [[Adolf Hitler]], famously observed that if one tells a lie loudly enough and often enough, people will believe it rather than believe that anyone could lie so outrageously.
#Personal attacks. This method of propaganda often involves spreading malicious rumors and misinformation about other people. The goal of such attacks is to undermine the character of the person in order to gain the upper hand. Name-calling and intimidation are often used in concurrence with this.
#Personal attacks. This method of propaganda often involves spreading malicious rumors and misinformation about other people. The goal of such attacks is to undermine the character of the person in order to gain the upper hand. Name-calling and intimidation are often used in concurrence with this.
[[File:Reuters Izium fake news.jpg|right|300px|thumb|[[Reuters]] withdrew the initial attempt by the Zelensky regime to create another false narrative about alleged Russian massacres.<ref>https://www.moonofalabama.org/2022/09/ukraine-dissecting-some-war-propaganda-news-items-addendum.html</ref>]]
Sam Garrens<ref>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEUstbsTJYYGq_uhWj3RASA/videos</ref> uses 8 identifiers to analyze statements which can stand alone or be used in combination with each other. Garrens claims once these methods are mastered, propaganda is forever easy to spot:
Sam Garrens<ref>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEUstbsTJYYGq_uhWj3RASA/videos</ref> uses 8 identifiers to analyze statements which can stand alone or be used in combination with each other. Garrens claims once these methods are mastered, propaganda is forever easy to spot:
#Unrelated items
#Unrelated items
#Lies and [[demonization]]
#Lies and [[demonization]]
#Propaganda payload, the moral of the story
#Propaganda payload, the moral of the story
{{clear}}
=== Book: Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media ===
=== Book: Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media ===