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The central Pennines are formed from the [[Jurassic]] [[limestone]] of the Alston Tilt Block. In addition to typical [[karst]] landscape of scarps and [[limestone pavement]]s on the surface, there are many caves in the [[Yorkshire Dales]],<ref>http://www.sat.dundee.ac.uk/arb/yorkshire/</ref> including Britain's longest cave system, the [[Easegill System]], and its deepest single shaft at Gaping Ghyll. There are also caves in the [[Peak District]].<ref>http://w01-0504.web.dircon.net/pdc/caveguides.htm</ref>
The central Pennines are formed from the [[Jurassic]] [[limestone]] of the Alston Tilt Block. In addition to typical [[karst]] landscape of scarps and [[limestone pavement]]s on the surface, there are many caves in the [[Yorkshire Dales]],<ref>http://www.sat.dundee.ac.uk/arb/yorkshire/</ref> including Britain's longest cave system, the [[Easegill System]], and its deepest single shaft at Gaping Ghyll. There are also caves in the [[Peak District]].<ref>http://w01-0504.web.dircon.net/pdc/caveguides.htm</ref>
== Definition==
The Pennine chain stretches approximately between valleys the River Trent in the south and the River Tyne in the north, where the "Tyne Gap" separates the range from the [[Cheviot Hills]].
Occasionally, the Cheviot Hills, which straddle the border between England and Scotland, are included in more broad definitions of the range. However, they are of mainly [[Igneous rock|igneous]] origin, making them geologically distinct from the largely limestone (sedimentary) rocks of the Pennines.
== Towns ==
== Towns ==