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The '''Institute of Pacific Relations''' ('''IPR''') was a private association of ten independent national councils in ten countries concerned with affairs in the Pacific in the second quarter of the twentieth century.<ref>[http://sandiego.indymedia.org/media/2006/10/119975.pdf ''Tragedy and Hope: A History of the World in Our Time''], Carroll Quigley, Collier-Macmillan, 1966, pg. 946. ISBN 0-945001-10-X</ref> It was identified in a unanimous 1952 report of the [[Senate Internal Security Subcommittee]] (SISS), chaired by Democrat [[Pat McCarran]] of Nevada, as "a vehicle used by Communists to orientate American Far Eastern policy toward Communist objectives."<ref>''Institute of Pacific Relations'', report of the Senate Internal Security subcommittee, 1952, p. 223-225</ref>

The '''Institute of Pacific Relations''' ('''IPR''') was a private association of ten independent national councils in ten countries concerned with affairs in the Pacific in the second quarter of the twentieth century.<ref>[http://sandiego.indymedia.org/media/2006/10/119975.pdf ''Tragedy and Hope: A History of the World in Our Time''], [[Carroll Quigley]], Collier-Macmillan, 1966, pg. 946. ISBN 0-945001-10-X</ref> It was identified in a unanimous 1952 report of the [[Senate Internal Security Subcommittee]] (SISS), chaired by Democrat [[Pat McCarran]] of Nevada, as "a vehicle used by Communists to orientate American Far Eastern policy toward Communist objectives."<ref>''Institute of Pacific Relations'', report of the Senate Internal Security subcommittee, 1952, p. 223-225</ref>

Carroll Quigley—the lone Georgetown University professor singled out as inspiration by [[Bill Clinton]] in his acceptance speech at the 1992 Democratic National Convention<ref>William Jefferson Clinton, [http://www.carrollquigley.net/misc/Clinton-1992-acceptance-speech.htm Democratic Presidential Nomination Acceptance Address], 16th July 1992, New York, NY. Carrollquigley.net</ref>—has said of the IPR and persons associated with it, "Many of these experts which were favored by the Far East 'establishment' in the Institute of Pacific Relations were captured by [[Communist]] ideology. Under its influence, they propagandized, as experts, erroneous ideas and sought to influence policy in mistaken directions.<ref>''Tragedy and Hope'' Quigley, pg. 935.</ref> ...the whole subject is of major importance in understanding the twentieth century."<ref>''Tragedy and Hope'' Quigley, pg. 935.</ref>

Carroll Quigley—the lone Georgetown University professor singled out as inspiration by [[Bill Clinton]] in his acceptance speech at the 1992 Democratic National Convention<ref>William Jefferson Clinton, [http://www.carrollquigley.net/misc/Clinton-1992-acceptance-speech.htm Democratic Presidential Nomination Acceptance Address], 16th July 1992, New York, NY. Carrollquigley.net</ref>—has said of the IPR and persons associated with it, "Many of these experts which were favored by the Far East 'establishment' in the Institute of Pacific Relations were captured by [[Communist]] ideology. Under its influence, they propagandized, as experts, erroneous ideas and sought to influence policy in mistaken directions.<ref>''Tragedy and Hope'' Quigley, pg. 935.</ref> ...the whole subject is of major importance in understanding the twentieth century."<ref>''Tragedy and Hope'' Quigley, pg. 935.</ref>

==Organization and influence on the public and policymaking==

==Organization and influence on the public and policymaking==

The Institute of Pacific Relations was established in 1925 to provide a forum for discussion of Asian problems and relations between Asia and the West. It was governed by an international body in which each nation interested in the Pacific was represented and had its own national council. The constituent nations were the United States, United Kingdom, the [[Soviet Union]], China, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Netherland-Netherlands East Indies, Philippines and [[France]]. The overall international ruling body was called the Pacific Council. The IPR had two organs of expression. One was a quarterly journal called ''Pacific Affairs'', under the auspices of the International or Pacific Council. The other was ''Far Eastern Survey'', published by the American Council. [[Owen Lattimore]] was the editor of ''Pacific Affairs'' and Lawrence E. Salisbury was the editor of ''Far Eastern Survey''.  

The Institute of Pacific Relations was established in 1925 to provide a forum for discussion of Asian problems and relations between Asia and the West. It was governed by an international body in which each nation interested in the Pacific was represented and had its own national council. The constituent nations were the United States, United Kingdom, the [[Soviet Union]], China, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Netherland-Netherlands East Indies, Philippines and [[France]]. The overall international ruling body was called the Pacific Council. The IPR had two organs of expression. One was a quarterly journal called ''Pacific Affairs'', under the auspices of the International or Pacific Council. The other was ''Far Eastern Survey'', published by the American Council. [[Owen Lattimore]] was the editor of ''Pacific Affairs'' and Lawrence E. Salisbury was the editor of ''Far Eastern Survey''.  

The executive secretary of the American Council was [[Frederick Vanderbilt Field]], a notorious professional Communist and popularly known as the "Millionaire Communist." Field was enlisted for the job by [[Edward C. Carter]] in 1928, when Field became assistant secretary and very soon after executive secretary. He remained a member of the governing executive committee until 1948 and executive secretary until 1940.<ref>''While You Slept : Our Tragedy in Asia and Who Made It'', John T. Flynn, New York : The Devin - Adair Company, 1951, [http://www.mises.org/books/whileyouslept.pdf pg. 116 - 119] pdf.</ref> Edward C. Carter was also member of the board of directors of the [[American Russian Institute]] and a contributor to ''Soviet Russia Today'' in which Carter defended the infamous Moscow [[show trial]]s during the [[Stalinist terror]].<ref>''Soviet Russia Today'', May 1938.</ref> Carter tried to get Field, owner and chairman of the editorial board of ''[[Amerasia]]'' which received stolen classified documents from the [[U.S. Government]], a commission in Army Intelligence.

The executive secretary of the American Council was [[Frederick Vanderbilt Field]], a notorious professional Communist and popularly known as the "Millionaire Communist." Field was enlisted for the job by [[Edward C. Carter]] in 1928, when Field became assistant secretary and very soon after executive secretary. He remained a member of the governing executive committee until 1948 and executive secretary until 1940.<ref>''While You Slept : Our Tragedy in Asia and Who Made It'', [[John T. Flynn]], New York : The Devin - Adair Company, 1951, [http://www.mises.org/books/whileyouslept.pdf pg. 116 - 119] pdf.</ref> Edward C. Carter was also member of the board of directors of the [[American Russian Institute]] and a contributor to ''Soviet Russia Today'' in which Carter defended the infamous Moscow [[show trial]]s during the [[Stalinist terror]].<ref>''Soviet Russia Today'', May 1938.</ref> Carter tried to get Field, owner and chairman of the editorial board of ''[[Amerasia]]'' which received stolen classified documents from the [[U.S. Government]], a commission in Army Intelligence.

To promote greater knowledge of the Far East, the IPR established a large research program, which was supported by grants from the [[Rockefeller Foundation]], the Carnegie Corporation, and other major corporations. Prof Quigley states there is considerable truth in the contention that the American experts on China were organized into an interlocking group of a [[Leftish]] character. It is also true that this group, from its control of funds, academic recommendations, and research of publication opportunities, could favor persons who accepted their consensus and could injure, financial or in professional advancement, persons who did not. And this group, by its influence on book reviewing in the ''[[New York Times]]'', the ''Herald Tribune'' and the ''Saturday Review'', a few magazines and professional journals, could advance or hamper any specialist's career. Professor Quigley goes on to state it is true these things were done in the United States by the Institute of Pacific Relations, that this organization had been infiltrated by Communists and Communist sympathizers, and that much of this group's influence arose from its access and control over the flow of funds from financial foundations to scholarly activities.<ref>''Tragedy and Hope'' Quigley, pg. 935.</ref>

To promote greater knowledge of the Far East, the IPR established a large research program, which was supported by grants from the [[Rockefeller Foundation]], the Carnegie Corporation, and other major corporations. Prof Quigley states there is considerable truth in the contention that the American experts on China were organized into an interlocking group of a [[Leftish]] character. It is also true that this group, from its control of funds, academic recommendations, and research of publication opportunities, could favor persons who accepted their consensus and could injure, financial or in professional advancement, persons who did not. And this group, by its influence on book reviewing in the ''[[New York Times]]'', the ''Herald Tribune'' and the ''Saturday Review'', a few magazines and professional journals, could advance or hamper any specialist's career. Professor Quigley goes on to state it is true these things were done in the United States by the Institute of Pacific Relations, that this organization had been infiltrated by Communists and Communist sympathizers, and that much of this group's influence arose from its access and control over the flow of funds from financial foundations to scholarly activities.<ref>''Tragedy and Hope'' Quigley, pg. 935.</ref>

==Reece Committee==

==Reece Committee==

The 83rd Congress re-established in 1953 the Select Committee to investigate Tax-Exempt Foundations, known as the '''[[Reece Committee]]'''. An interesting report showing the [[Left-wing]] associations of interlocking nexus of tax-exempt foundations was issued in 1954 rather quietly.<ref>[http://americandeception.com/index.php?action=downloadpdf&photo=/PDFsml_AD/Dodd_Report_to_the_Reese_Committee_on_Foundations-1954-16pgs-some_pages_missing-POL.sml.pdf&id=158&PHPSESSID=03d3557b41f249f71349e6d730cc8498 Dodd Report to the Reese Committee on Foundations-1954].</ref><ref>Tax Exempt Foundations Hearings-Reece Committee-1953 4-1000 pgs. [http://americandeception.com/index.php?action=downloadpdf&photo=/PDFsml_AD/Tax_Exempt_Foundations_Hearings-Reece_Committee-1953_4-1000pgs-PART1-GOV.sml.pdf&id=35&PHPSESSID=03d3557b41f249f71349e6d730cc8498 Part 1].</ref><ref>Tax Exempt Foundations Hearings-Reece Committee-1953 4-1086 pgs. [http://americandeception.com/index.php?action=downloadpdf&photo=/PDFsml_AD/Tax_Exempt_Foundations_Hearings-Reece_Committee-1953_4-1086pgs-PART2-GOV.sml.pdf&id=36&PHPSESSID=03d3557b41f249f71349e6d730cc8498 Part 2].</ref><ref>[http://americandeception.com/index.php?action=downloadpdf&photo=/PDFsml_AD/Tax_Exempt_Foundations_Hearings-Reece_Committee-1953_4-2086pgs-GOV.sml.pdf&id=34&PHPSESSID=03d3557b41f249f71349e6d730cc8498 Tax Exempt Foundations Hearings-Reece Committee-1953 4-2086 pgs].</ref> Four years later, the Reece Committee's general counsel, Rene A Wormser, wrote a book on the subject called ''Foundations: Their Power and Influence.''<ref>''Tragedy and Hope'', Quigley, pg. 954.</ref>

The 83rd Congress re-established<ref group=note>The committee also [https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2019/12/22/the-reece-committee-on-foundations-conspiratorial-nonsense-or-an-expose-of-a-threat-to-the-nation/comment-page-1/ existed in the previous 82nd Congress] and was known then as the Cox Committee.</ref> in 1953 the Select Committee to investigate Tax-Exempt Foundations, known as the '''[[Reece Committee]]'''. An interesting report showing the [[left-wing]] associations of interlocking nexus of tax-exempt foundations was issued in 1954 rather quietly.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/norman-dodd-the-dodd-report The Dodd Report]. ''Internet Archive''. Retrieved August 12, 2021.</ref><ref>Tax Exempt Foundations Hearings-Reece Committee-1953 4-1000 pgs. [http://americandeception.com/index.php?action=downloadpdf&photo=/PDFsml_AD/Tax_Exempt_Foundations_Hearings-Reece_Committee-1953_4-1000pgs-PART1-GOV.sml.pdf&id=35&PHPSESSID=03d3557b41f249f71349e6d730cc8498 Part 1]. '''(note: link is broken)'''</ref><ref>Tax Exempt Foundations Hearings-Reece Committee-1953 4-1086 pgs. [http://americandeception.com/index.php?action=downloadpdf&photo=/PDFsml_AD/Tax_Exempt_Foundations_Hearings-Reece_Committee-1953_4-1086pgs-PART2-GOV.sml.pdf&id=36&PHPSESSID=03d3557b41f249f71349e6d730cc8498 Part 2]. '''(note: link is broken)'''</ref><ref>[http://americandeception.com/index.php?action=downloadpdf&photo=/PDFsml_AD/Tax_Exempt_Foundations_Hearings-Reece_Committee-1953_4-2086pgs-GOV.sml.pdf&id=34&PHPSESSID=03d3557b41f249f71349e6d730cc8498 Tax Exempt Foundations Hearings-Reece Committee-1953 4-2086 pgs]. '''(note: link is broken)'''</ref> Four years later, the Reece Committee's general counsel, Rene A Wormser, wrote a book on the subject called ''Foundations: Their Power and Influence.''<ref>''Tragedy and Hope'', Quigley, pg. 954.</ref>

==References==

==References==

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{{reflist}}

==See also==

==See also==