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→Wars of Conquest
=== Wars of Conquest ===
=== Wars of Conquest ===
[[Image:Herod_coin1.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Copper coin of Herod, bearing the legend "Basileus Herodon" on the obverse and a Macedonian sun-symbol on the reverse]]
In 40 BC, Antigonos, King of the Parthians, invaded Judea. Herod fled Jerusalem to Rome. There the Senate of Rome passed a resolution recognizing him as "King of the Jews."<ref name=Livius/> This resolution carried with it the establishment of a ''patron-client relationship'' between Rome and Judea. Thus, in essence, Herod became a vassal of the Senate of Rome.<ref name=Livius/><ref name=Greetham1/><ref name=JewishLib/>
In 40 BC, Antigonos, King of the Parthians, invaded Judea. Herod fled Jerusalem to Rome. There the Senate of Rome passed a resolution recognizing him as "King of the Jews."<ref name=Livius/> This resolution carried with it the establishment of a ''patron-client relationship'' between Rome and Judea. Thus, in essence, Herod became a vassal of the Senate of Rome.<ref name=Livius/><ref name=Greetham1/><ref name=JewishLib/>