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| | Many countries relax their usual immigration restrictions in order to admit political refugees—perhaps this is the “huddled masses” reference in a poem on the Statue of Liberty. The US admitted 1.4 million, including 580,000 from Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos, and 413,000 from the former USSR. From 30,000 to 40,000 each came from Iran, Romania, Poland, Bosnia, Ethiopia, and Afghanistan | | Many countries relax their usual immigration restrictions in order to admit political refugees—perhaps this is the “huddled masses” reference in a poem on the Statue of Liberty. The US admitted 1.4 million, including 580,000 from Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos, and 413,000 from the former USSR. From 30,000 to 40,000 each came from Iran, Romania, Poland, Bosnia, Ethiopia, and Afghanistan |
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| − | The chief sending and receiving countries change every decade, though the USA is usually the largest recipient. By 2000 the largest donor countries were China, Mexico and India. | + | The chief sending and receiving countries change every decade, though the USA is usually the largest recipient. By 2000 the largest donor countries were China, Mexico and India. |
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| | + | === Millionaire migration === |
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| | + | ''See also:'' [[Millionaire migration]] |
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| | + | Approximately 128,000 of the world’s [[millionaire]]s migrated to another country in 2024.<ref>[https://www.henleyglobal.com/publications/henley-private-wealth-migration-report-2024/why-millionaire-migration-matters Why Millionaire Migration Matters?]</ref> |
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| | + | According to Henley and Partners: |
| | + | {{Cquote|The benefits of this migration of wealth and talent to these countries are wide ranging, and include: |
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| | + | Forex revenue: Migrating millionaires are a vital source of forex revenue as they tend to bring their money with them when they move to a new country. For instance, a migrant who brings USD 10 million with them is equivalent to a country generating USD 10 million in export revenue as both transactions generate USD 10 million of forex revenue for the country. |
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| | + | *New business: Many relocating high-net-worth individuals (around 20%) are entrepreneurs and company founders, who often start businesses in their new country and therefore create local jobs. This percentage rises to over 60% for centi-millionaires and billionaires. |
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| | + | *Stock markets: Millionaires boost the local stock market via their equity investments. Also, some high-net-worth business owners publicly list their companies on the local stock exchange. |
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| | + | *Job creation: Perhaps most importantly, high-net-worth individuals indirectly create thousands of well-paying jobs via their spending power, especially in high-value sectors such as luxury hotels, fine dining, luxury retail, fashion, hi-tech, automotive, prime property, wealth management, and family offices.<ref>[https://www.henleyglobal.com/publications/henley-private-wealth-migration-report-2024/why-millionaire-migration-matters Why Millionaire Migration Matters?]</ref>}} |
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| | ===Impact=== | | ===Impact=== |
| | The impact of immigration on the donor countries is modest. Things don't happen; emigration reduces the available workforce, and thereby tends to raise wages. The '''Brain Drain''' effect, however, keeps the level of technology and complexity lower than it would otherwise have been. Remittances from the emigrants can be a major factor in very poor countries, such as Haiti. Mexico receives over $2 billion a year from emigrants. This money is mostly spent on consumer goods; it has a "multiplier" effect that makes the whole community better off, not just the relatives who receive the money. | | The impact of immigration on the donor countries is modest. Things don't happen; emigration reduces the available workforce, and thereby tends to raise wages. The '''Brain Drain''' effect, however, keeps the level of technology and complexity lower than it would otherwise have been. Remittances from the emigrants can be a major factor in very poor countries, such as Haiti. Mexico receives over $2 billion a year from emigrants. This money is mostly spent on consumer goods; it has a "multiplier" effect that makes the whole community better off, not just the relatives who receive the money. |
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| | ===Asians=== | | ===Asians=== |
| | Asian immigration to USA came in three phases. From 1850-1880 about 165,000 Chinese arrived, brought in to build railroads; most returned to China, and because few Chinese women arrived, the numbers of Chinese-Americans shrank. In 1900-10, Japanese farm workers arrived in California and Hawaii. Public opinion in the West was quite hostile to the Chinese and Japanese, and numerous laws were passed that tried to stop or slow the inflow. After 1965 racial quotas were ended, and large numbers of Asians began arriving. They included Chinese from the Chinese Diaspora, Koreans, Filipinos, Vietnamese, and Indians, as well as smaller numbers from other lands. The majority settle in California. | | Asian immigration to USA came in three phases. From 1850-1880 about 165,000 Chinese arrived, brought in to build railroads; most returned to China, and because few Chinese women arrived, the numbers of Chinese-Americans shrank. In 1900-10, Japanese farm workers arrived in California and Hawaii. Public opinion in the West was quite hostile to the Chinese and Japanese, and numerous laws were passed that tried to stop or slow the inflow. After 1965 racial quotas were ended, and large numbers of Asians began arriving. They included Chinese from the Chinese Diaspora, Koreans, Filipinos, Vietnamese, and Indians, as well as smaller numbers from other lands. The majority settle in California. |
| | + | == Religion and migration == |
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| | + | See: [[Religion and migration]] |
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| | ==Migration transition== | | ==Migration transition== |
| | A country that undergoes the “migration transition” switches from being a labor exporter to labor importer: Push becomes Pull | | A country that undergoes the “migration transition” switches from being a labor exporter to labor importer: Push becomes Pull |