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→Neuroplasticity and the ability of individuals to change their personality
"A [[personality]] disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience and [[behavior]] that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual's [[culture]], is often pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is often stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment". (American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.)
"A [[personality]] disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience and [[behavior]] that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual's [[culture]], is often pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is often stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment". (American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.)
About 9% of the population has at least one personality disorder.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542325/ Histrionic Personality Disorder], National Library of Medicine</ref>
== Types of personality disorders ==
== Types of personality disorders ==
:• [[Schizoid personality disorder]] is a pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression.
:• [[Schizoid personality disorder]] is a pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression.
:• Schizotypal personality disorder is a pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentricities of behavior.
:• Schizotypal personality disorder is a pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentricities of behavior.
:• Antisocial personality disorder is a pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others.
:• [[Antisocial personality disorder]] is a pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others.
:• [[Borderline personality disorder]] is a pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity.
:• [[Borderline personality disorder]] is a pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity.
:• [[Histrionic personality disorder]] is a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking.
:• [[Histrionic personality disorder]] is a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking.
*Cluster B are PDOs with a common theme of dramatic behavior/entitlement/moodiness/poor impulse control. This includes the Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic.
*Cluster B are PDOs with a common theme of dramatic behavior/entitlement/moodiness/poor impulse control. This includes the Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic.
*Cluster C are PDOs with an anxious-depressed common theme. Here we find the Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive/Perfectionistic.<ref>[https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/and-running/202111/can-person-have-more-one-personality-disorder Can a Person Have More Than One Personality Disorder?] by Anthony D. Smith</ref>}}
*Cluster C are PDOs with an anxious-depressed common theme. Here we find the Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive/Perfectionistic.<ref>[https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/and-running/202111/can-person-have-more-one-personality-disorder Can a Person Have More Than One Personality Disorder?] by Anthony D. Smith</ref>}}
== Neuroplasticity and the ability of individuals to change their personality ==
''See also:'' [[Neuroplasticity and the ability of individuals to change their personality]]
[[Personality]] is the way [[people]] think, feel, and behave.<ref>[http://www.personalityresearch.org/ Great Ideas in Personality]</ref>
According to the National Institute of Health, "Neuroplasticity, also known as neural plasticity or brain plasticity, is a process that involves adaptive structural and functional changes to the brain."<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557811/#:~:text=Neuroplasticity%2C%20also%20known%20as%20neural,functional%20changes%20to%20the%20brain. Neuroplasticity]</ref>
UC Davis researchers indicate:
{{Cquote|It has long been believed that people can’t change their personalities, which are largely stable and inherited. But a review of recent research in personality science points to the possibility that personality traits can change through persistent intervention and major life events.
Personality traits, identified as neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness, can predict a wide range of important outcomes such as health, happiness and income. Because of this, these traits might represent an important target for policy interventions designed to improve human welfare.
The research, published in the [https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/amp0000503 December issue] of American Psychologist, is the product of the Personality Change Consortium, an international group of researchers committed to advancing understanding of personality change. The consortium was initiated by Wiebke Bleidorn and Christopher Hopwood, University of California, Davis, professors of psychology who are also co-authors of the latest paper, “The Policy Relevance of Personality Traits.” The paper has 13 other co-authors.<ref>[https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/can-you-change-your-personality#:~:text=It%20has%20long%20been%20believed,intervention%20and%20major%20life%20events. Can you change your personality?]</ref>}}
The article ''How to Become a New Person Through Neuroplasticity'' states:
{{Cquote| In ''Atomic Habits'', James Clear expands on this idea and suggests that changing your habits requires not only changing your thought patterns, but your underlying beliefs about yourself. If you want to change yourself to be more assertive, for example, but deep down you still believe you are a timid person, the changes you make toward being assertive will not last.)
According to Dispenza, when an emotion lasts more than a few hours, it becomes a mood. When it lasts more than a few days, it becomes a temperament. When it lasts years, it becomes a personality trait. Replacing a negative personality trait with a positive one, then, requires changing the emotions that eventually build to that trait.<ref>[https://www.shortform.com/blog/how-to-become-a-new-person/#:~:text=According%20to%20Joe%20Dispenza%2C%20our,thinking%2C%20feeling%2C%20and%20behavior. How to Become a New Person Through Neuroplasticity]</ref>}}
Some of the key ways an individual can change their personality is through improving:<ref>[https://www.personalitieslab.com/articles/improve-personality 9 Tips to improve your personality], Personality Labs website]</ref><ref>[https://www.betterup.com/blog/activities-for-personality-development Activities for personality development: 15 ways to grow] by By Erin Eatough, PhD</ref>
*Listening skills
*Expanding one's interests
*Empathy and increasing praise of others
*[[Self-confidence]]
*Communication skills
*Positive/constructive thinking ability
*Level of integrity
*Assertiveness skills
*Stepping out of one's comfort zone
*Creativity and intellectual curiosity
*Journaling to increase self-awareness
*Teamwork skills though team activities and social networking
*Level of feedback from others (Mentors, coaching, asking others for feedback such as church members and clergy)
== See also ==
== See also ==
*[[Cluster B personality disorders]]
*[[Atheism, alcoholism and personality disorders]]
*[[Atheism, alcoholism and personality disorders]]
==References==
==References==
<References/>
<References/>
[[Category:Psychology]]
[[Category:Psychology]]
[[Category:Personality Disorders]]
[[Category:Personality Disorders]]