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The word "krai" has the same root origin as ''u kraya'' or "Ukraine", historically referring to the vast territories located along the periphery of the Russian state. The word krai means "border" or "edge", literally "cut off" or the end. The modern Russian state consists of 89 federal subjects. A federal subject can be a republic, oblast, krai, cities of federal status, or autonomous districts. There is almost no difference between an oblast and krai, the only difference is that the territory of a krai can include oblasts, and an oblast has no further subdivisions.

The word "krai" has the same root origin as ''u kraya'' or "Ukraine", historically referring to the vast territories located along the periphery of the Russian state. The word krai means "border" or "edge", literally "cut off" or the end. The modern Russian state consists of 89 federal subjects. A federal subject can be a republic, oblast, krai, cities of federal status, or autonomous districts. There is almost no difference between an oblast and krai, the only difference is that the territory of a krai can include oblasts, and an oblast has no further subdivisions.

The Radziwiłł map (early 17th century) is the first to explicitly label "Ukraine" (as "Outer Volhynia or Lower Dnieper") and mention "Cossacks," covering territories of the borderland.

The Radziwiłł map (early 17th century) is the first to explicitly label "Ukraine" (as "Outer Volhynia or Lower Dnieper") and mention "Cossacks," covering territories of the borderland. Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan's maps, including the 1648 "General Map of Ukraine" (Delineatio Generalis Camporum Desertorum vulgo Ukraina), depict Ukraine as a distinct region, influencing European cartography for centuries. Beauplan, a French engineer in Polish service, based it on surveys of Cossack lands.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oldworldauctions.com/info/article/2022-03-Heart-of-Ukraine-in-Early-Maps|title=The Heart of Ukraine in Early Maps|publisher=Old World Auctions|author=Eliane Dotson}}</ref><ref>[https://archive.org/details/Ukrainae1 Old map of Ukraine : Tabula geographica Ukrainska by Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan]</ref>

Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan's maps, including the 1648 "General Map of Ukraine" (Delineatio Generalis Camporum Desertorum vulgo Ukraina), depict Ukraine as a distinct region, influencing European cartography for centuries. Beauplan, a French engineer in Polish service, based it on surveys of Cossack lands.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oldworldauctions.com/info/article/2022-03-Heart-of-Ukraine-in-Early-Maps|title=The Heart of Ukraine in Early Maps|publisher=Old World Auctions|author=Eliane Dotson}}</ref><ref>[https://archive.org/details/Ukrainae1 Old map of Ukraine : Tabula geographica Ukrainska by Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan]</ref>

[[File:Johann Baptist Homann’s Ukrania quae et Terra Cosaccorum, 1716..jpg|400px|thumbnail|Johann Baptist Homann’s ''Ukrania quae et Terra Cosaccorum'' map from 1716.]]

[[File:Johann Baptist Homann’s Ukrania quae et Terra Cosaccorum, 1716..jpg|400px|thumbnail|Johann Baptist Homann’s ''Ukrania quae et Terra Cosaccorum'' map from 1716.]]