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{{Christianity}}

{{Christianity}}

{{trinity}}

{{trinity}}

The '''Holy Spirit''', also called the Holy Ghost which has a stronger connotation, is the third person of the [[Holy Trinity]], both distinct and coequal with [[God|God the Father]] and the [[Jesus Christ|Son (Jesus)]].  The Holy Spirit teaches, guides, comforts and fills believers with strength and [[wisdom]].  {{bibleref|Galations|5:22-23}} states concerning the Holy Spirit: "the fruit of the Spirit is [[love]], [[joy]], peace, [[patience]], kindness, generosity, faithfulness, gentleness, and [[self-control]]." [[Prayer]] directly to the Holy Spirit is an under-utilized way to obtain help, guidance, and [[motivation]].

The '''Holy Spirit''', or Holy Ghost, is the third person of the [[Holy Trinity]], distinct and coequal with [[God|God the Father]] and the [[Jesus Christ|Son (Jesus)]].  The Holy Spirit teaches, guides, comforts and fills believers with strength and [[wisdom]].  {{bibleref|Galations|5:22-23}} explains that "the fruit of the Spirit is [[love]], [[joy]], peace, [[patience]], kindness, generosity, faithfulness, gentleness, and [[self-control]]." [[Prayer]] directly to the Holy Spirit -- mentioned 95 times in the [[New Testament]] plus [[Psalms]] and the [[Book of Isaiah]] -- can obtain help, guidance, and [[motivation]].

'''''The Holy Spirit is the inspiring, driving force that enables one to achieve by overcoming difficulties, [[addiction]], [[chaos]], negativity, and even the [[Devil]]'''''.  The Holy Spirit is directly mentioned 98 times in the [[Bible]] ([[ESV]]).

'''''The Holy Spirit is the inspiring, driving force that enables one to achieve by overcoming difficulties, [[addiction]], [[chaos]], negativity, and even the [[Devil]]'''''.

The Holy Spirit embodies the mutual eternal [[love]] of the Father and the Son. The Greek term for the Holy Spirit is "Paraclete",<ref>A more literal translation of the Greek would be "one who stands alongside with" or mentor; the "Comforter" alludes to the bedside manner of a physician with an ailing patient or sinner.</ref> which means advocate or intercessor, thereby connoting a driving force for good. The Holy Spirit is God's present activity in our midst. When we sense God's leading, God's challenge, or God's support or comfort, we say that it's the Holy Spirit at work.<ref>[http://www.umc.org/site/c.lwL4KnN1LtH/b.2311269/ We Believe in the Holy Spirit.]</ref>

The Holy Spirit embodies the mutual eternal [[love]] of the Father and the Son. The Greek term for the Holy Spirit is "Paraclete",<ref>A more literal translation of the Greek would be "one who stands alongside with" or mentor; the "Comforter" alludes to the bedside manner of a physician with an ailing patient or sinner.</ref> which means advocate or intercessor, thereby connoting a driving force for good. The Holy Spirit is God's present activity in our midst. When we sense God's leading, God's challenge, or God's support or comfort, we say that it's the Holy Spirit at work.<ref>[http://www.umc.org/site/c.lwL4KnN1LtH/b.2311269/ We Believe in the Holy Spirit.]</ref>

The [[apostles]] credit the Holy Spirit with giving them the [[courage]] to spread the good news of Jesus Christ in a very hostile world.  Scriptural references to the Holy Spirit are in both the [[Old Testament|Old]] and [[New Testament]]s, and include Proverbs 8:22-31, John 16:12-15, and Romans 5:1-5.

The [[apostles]] credit the Holy Spirit with giving them the [[courage]] to spread the good news of Jesus Christ in a very hostile world.  Scriptural references to the Holy Spirit are in both the [[Old Testament|Old]] and [[New Testament]]s, and include Proverbs 8:22-31, John 16:12-15, and Romans 5:1-5.

==Development of a formal doctrine of the Holy Spirit==

==Development of a formal doctrine of the Holy Spirit==

The first scriptural reference to the Holy Spirit occurs in Psalm 51:11, where [[King David]] prays for forgiveness after his [[sin]] with [[Bathsheba]] and the murder of [[Uriah]]:

The first scriptural reference to the Holy Spirit occurs in Psalm 51:11, where [[King David]] prays for forgiveness after his [[sin]] with [[Bathsheba]] and the murder of [[Uriah]]:

{{quotebox-float|"Cast me not away from thy presence; and take not thy holy spirit from me."}}

{{quotebox-float|"Cast me not away from thy presence; and take not thy holy spirit from me."}}

The doctrine of the Holy Spirit and Holy Spirit baptism was preached by [[Jesus]]<ref>https://www.biblestudytools.com/john/16-7.html</ref> and [[John the Baptist]].<ref>https://www.biblestudytools.com/luke/3-16.html</ref>  The Gospel of John also refers to it as "the Spirit without measure."<ref>https://biblehub.com/esv/john/3.htm<br>In the cases of [[Samson]] (Judges 16:20) and [[King Saul]] (1 Samuel 16:14) for example, the spirit was given by measure and departed.</ref>  According to the Book of Acts, Jesus after His resurrection affirmed to His disciples that they would indeed be baptized with "The Holy Ghost", and would receive "Power (''dunamis''<ref>Dunamis is the root word of [[dynamite]].</ref>), after that the Holy Ghost [was] come upon [them]" (Acts 1:4-8).  

The doctrine of the Holy Spirit and Holy Spirit baptism was preached by [[Jesus]]<ref>https://www.biblestudytools.com/john/16-7.html</ref> and [[John the Baptist]].<ref>https://www.biblestudytools.com/luke/3-16.html</ref>  The Gospel of John also refers to it as "the Spirit without measure."<ref>https://biblehub.com/esv/john/3.htm<br>In the cases of [[Samson]] (Judges 16:20) and [[King Saul]] (1 Samuel 16:14), for example, the spirit was given by measure and departed.</ref>  According to the Book of Acts, Jesus after His resurrection affirmed to His disciples that they would indeed be baptized with "The Holy Ghost", and would receive "Power (''dunamis''<ref>Dunamis is the root word of [[dynamite]].</ref>), after that the Holy Ghost [was] come upon [them]" (Acts 1:4-8).  

The Holy Spirit is essentially the Word of God.<ref>[https://catholicexchange.com/the-word-of-god-the-sword-of-the-holy-spirit Ephesians 6:17]<br>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+2%3A12-13&version=ESV 1 Corinthians 2:12-13]</ref>  Jesus says,

The Holy Spirit is essentially the Word of God.<ref>[https://catholicexchange.com/the-word-of-god-the-sword-of-the-holy-spirit Ephesians 6:17]<br>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+2%3A12-13&version=ESV 1 Corinthians 2:12-13]</ref>  Jesus says,

See multiple commentaries on the following verses of the Bible relating to the Holy Spirit, and to discerning who has authority to teach the truth of God: <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/14-16.htm John 14:16] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/14-17.htm John 14:17] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/14-23.htm John 14:23] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/14-26.htm John 14:26] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/15-6.htm John 15:6] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/15-26.htm John 15:26] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/16-7.htm John 16:7] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/16-13.htm John 16:13] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/17-17.htm John 17:17] "''thy word is truth''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/18-37.htm John 18:37] "''bear witness to the truth''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/18-38.htm John 18:38] "''What is truth?''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/deuteronomy/17-12.htm Deuteronomy 17:12] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/deuteronomy/18-15.htm Deuteronomy 18:15] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/matthew/10-40.htm Matthew 10:40] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/matthew/16-19.htm Matthew 16:19] <br>  [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/matthew/18-17.htm Matthew 18:17] <br>  [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/matthew/18-18.htm Matthew 18:18] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/matthew/28-20.htm Matthew 28:20] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/mark/9-37.htm Mark 9:37] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/luke/10-16.htm Luke 10:16] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/13-20.htm John 13:20] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/acts/4-18.htm Acts 4:18] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/acts/4-19.htm Acts 4:19] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/romans/13-1.htm Romans 13:1] <br> [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/romans/16-17.htm Romans 16:17] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_corinthians/3-16.htm 1 Corinthians 3:16] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_corinthians/3-17.htm 1 Corinthians 3:17] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/galatians/1-8.htm Galatians 1:8] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/ephesians/3-10.htm Ephesians 3:10] "''through the church''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_timothy/3-15.htm 1 Timothy 3:15] "''the pillar and ground of truth''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_timothy/4-1.htm 1 Timothy 4:1] "''some''", not "''the church''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_timothy/6-3.htm 1 Timothy 6:3] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_timothy/6-4.htm 1 Timothy 6:4] <br>[http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_timothy/6-5.htm 1 Timothy 6:5] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_timothy/4-3.htm 2 Timothy 4:3] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_timothy/4-4.htm 2 Timothy 4:4] <br>[http://biblehub.com/commentaries/titus/3-1.htm Titus 3:1] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/titus/3-10.htm Titus 3:10] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/titus/3-11.htm Titus 3:11] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/hebrews/12-15.htm Hebrews 12:15] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/hebrews/13-17.htm Hebrews 13:17] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/1-20.htm 2 Peter 1:20] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/1-21.htm 2 Peter 1:21] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/2-1.htm 2 Peter 2:1] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/2-10.htm 2 Peter 2:10] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/3-16.htm 2 Peter 3:16] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/3-17.htm 2 Peter 3:17] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_john/2-18.htm 1 John 2:18] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_john/1-10.htm 2 John 10] <br>  [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/jude/1-8.htm Jude 8] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/jude/1-11.htm Jude 11] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/numbers/16-3.htm Numbers 16:3] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/revelation/22-18.htm Revelation 22:18] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/revelation/22-19.htm Revelation 22:19]

See multiple commentaries on the following verses of the Bible relating to the Holy Spirit, and to discerning who has authority to teach the truth of God: <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/14-16.htm John 14:16] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/14-17.htm John 14:17] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/14-23.htm John 14:23] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/14-26.htm John 14:26] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/15-6.htm John 15:6] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/15-26.htm John 15:26] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/16-7.htm John 16:7] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/16-13.htm John 16:13] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/17-17.htm John 17:17] "''thy word is truth''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/18-37.htm John 18:37] "''bear witness to the truth''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/18-38.htm John 18:38] "''What is truth?''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/deuteronomy/17-12.htm Deuteronomy 17:12] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/deuteronomy/18-15.htm Deuteronomy 18:15] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/matthew/10-40.htm Matthew 10:40] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/matthew/16-19.htm Matthew 16:19] <br>  [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/matthew/18-17.htm Matthew 18:17] <br>  [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/matthew/18-18.htm Matthew 18:18] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/matthew/28-20.htm Matthew 28:20] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/mark/9-37.htm Mark 9:37] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/luke/10-16.htm Luke 10:16] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/13-20.htm John 13:20] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/acts/4-18.htm Acts 4:18] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/acts/4-19.htm Acts 4:19] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/romans/13-1.htm Romans 13:1] <br> [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/romans/16-17.htm Romans 16:17] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_corinthians/3-16.htm 1 Corinthians 3:16] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_corinthians/3-17.htm 1 Corinthians 3:17] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/galatians/1-8.htm Galatians 1:8] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/ephesians/3-10.htm Ephesians 3:10] "''through the church''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_timothy/3-15.htm 1 Timothy 3:15] "''the pillar and ground of truth''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_timothy/4-1.htm 1 Timothy 4:1] "''some''", not "''the church''"<br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_timothy/6-3.htm 1 Timothy 6:3] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_timothy/6-4.htm 1 Timothy 6:4] <br>[http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_timothy/6-5.htm 1 Timothy 6:5] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_timothy/4-3.htm 2 Timothy 4:3] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_timothy/4-4.htm 2 Timothy 4:4] <br>[http://biblehub.com/commentaries/titus/3-1.htm Titus 3:1] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/titus/3-10.htm Titus 3:10] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/titus/3-11.htm Titus 3:11] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/hebrews/12-15.htm Hebrews 12:15] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/hebrews/13-17.htm Hebrews 13:17] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/1-20.htm 2 Peter 1:20] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/1-21.htm 2 Peter 1:21] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/2-1.htm 2 Peter 2:1] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/2-10.htm 2 Peter 2:10] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/3-16.htm 2 Peter 3:16] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_peter/3-17.htm 2 Peter 3:17] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/1_john/2-18.htm 1 John 2:18] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/2_john/1-10.htm 2 John 10] <br>  [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/jude/1-8.htm Jude 8] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/jude/1-11.htm Jude 11] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/numbers/16-3.htm Numbers 16:3] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/revelation/22-18.htm Revelation 22:18] <br> [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/revelation/22-19.htm Revelation 22:19]

Both Roman church authorities and those denounced by them as rebellious heretics firmly assert against each other,  

Both [[Roman Catholic Church]] authorities and those denounced by them as rebellious heretics firmly assert against each other,  

:"''Whoever opposes my interpretation of scripture is heretical and apostate and antichrist, and by repeatedly stubborn opposition to the clear meaning of scripture which I have set before you resists the authority and guidance of the Holy Spirit, and is manifestly an enemy of the truth and follower of the Devil.''"  

:"''Whoever opposes my interpretation of scripture is heretical and apostate and antichrist, and by repeatedly stubborn opposition to the clear meaning of scripture which I have set before you resists the authority and guidance of the Holy Spirit, and is manifestly an enemy of the truth and follower of the Devil.''"  

At issue is the fulfillment of the promise of the Lord Jesus Christ guaranteeing the [[discernment]] of the fulness of the truth of the Gospel as actually revealed by God through the infallible guidance of the Spirit of truth.

At issue is the fulfillment of the promise of the Lord Jesus Christ guaranteeing the [[discernment]] of the fullness of the truth of the Gospel as actually revealed by God through the infallible guidance of the Spirit of truth.

Two fundamentally opposed positions confront anyone seeking to discern the truth of Christian doctrine:<br>—The truth of any doctrine proposed by the [[magisterium]] is always subordinate and subject to correction according to the interpretation of scripture by the discernment of the individual Christian believer and by the discernment of any group of ordinary like-minded Christians in agreement with each other under the infallible guiding inspiration of the Holy Spirit.<br>—The truth of any doctrine proposed by the individual Christian believer and by the discernment of any group of ordinary like-minded Christians in agreement with each other is always subordinate and subject to correction according to the interpretation of scripture by the discernment of the magisterium under the infallible guiding inspiration of the Holy Spirit.

Two fundamentally opposed positions confront anyone seeking to discern the truth of Christian doctrine:<br>—The truth of any doctrine proposed by the [[magisterium]] is always subordinate and subject to correction according to the interpretation of scripture by the discernment of the individual Christian believer and by the discernment of any group of ordinary like-minded Christians in agreement with each other under the infallible guiding inspiration of the Holy Spirit.<br>—The truth of any doctrine proposed by the individual Christian believer and by the discernment of any group of ordinary like-minded Christians in agreement with each other is always subordinate and subject to correction according to the interpretation of scripture by the discernment of the magisterium under the infallible guiding inspiration of the Holy Spirit.

== External links ==

== External links ==

[[File:Holy Spirit - Sky Dove.jpg|thumb|"We are a temple of God, and the Spirit of God dwells in us.” 1 Corinthians 3:16]]

[[File:Holy Spirit - Sky Dove.jpg|thumb|"We are a temple of God, and the Spirit of God dwells in us.” 1 Corinthians 3:16]]

*[http://www.lifeofchrist.com/teachings/topics/BlasphemyAgainstTheHolySpirit/ Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit] This topic appears three times in the New Testament.

*[http://www.lifeofchrist.com/teachings/topics/BlasphemyAgainstTheHolySpirit/ Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit] This topic appears three times in the New Testament.

*[http://www.theholyspirit.com/HolySpiritPerson.asp Knowing the Person of the Holy Spirit.] Facts about the Holy Spirit.

*[http://www.theholyspirit.com/HolySpiritPerson.asp Knowing the Person of the Holy Spirit.] Facts about the Holy Spirit.

*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07409a.htm Holy Ghost.] Catholic Encyclopedia.

*[https://www.antiochatx.com/blog/the-purpose-of-the-holy-spirit#:~:text=The%20Holy%20Spirit%20also%20reveals,16:7%2D14). The Purpose of the Holy Spirit]

*[http://www.biblestudytools.com/topical-verses/holy-spirit-bible-verses/ Holy Spirit Bible Verses.]

*[https://www.fccmboro.org/post/don-t-look-to-motivate-look-to-the-holy-spirit-to-move Don't Look to Motivation, Look to the Holy Spirit to Move]

*[http://www.umc.org/site/c.lwL4KnN1LtH/b.2311269/ We Believe in the Holy Spirit.]

*[http://www.umc.org/site/c.lwL4KnN1LtH/b.2311269/ We Believe in the Holy Spirit.]

*[http://www.ewtn.com/devotionals/pentecost/pent13.htm Litany of the Holy Spirit.]

*[http://www.ewtn.com/devotionals/pentecost/pent13.htm Litany of the Holy Spirit.]

*[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbjmSS6LZDGoGmPV1-04fs3TLkrwNSv4Q Understanding the Holy Spirit and walking in the Holy Spirit - video playlist], video playlist

*[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbjmSS6LZDGoGmPV1-04fs3TLkrwNSv4Q Understanding the Holy Spirit and walking in the Holy Spirit - video playlist], video playlist