Changes

The [[Scottish National Party]] established a dictatorship and [[police state]] within the devolved administration of Scotland, especially under the rule of [[Nicola Sturgeon]], who ruled from 2014 to 2023. Brendan O'Neill described the SNP's Scotland as "the most [[authoritarian]] country in [[Western Europe]]".<ref>https://twitter.com/spikedonline/status/1374001716794900484?lang=en-GB</ref>  In 2018, Scotland became the first "country" to require "LGBT+" education in schools, with no exemptions or opt-outs.<ref>Chasmar, Jessica (November 9, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/nov/9/scotland-becomes-first-country-require-lgbt-educat/ Scotland becomes first country to require LGBT+ education]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 10, 2018.</ref><ref>Cummings McLean, Dorothy (November 14, 2018). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/scotland-pushes-lgbt-agenda-into-catholic-schools.-bishops-hope-impact...wi Scotland pushes LGBT agenda into Catholic schools. Bishops hope ‘impact…will be positive for all’]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved November 14, 2018.</ref>

The [[Scottish National Party]] established a dictatorship and [[police state]] within the devolved administration of Scotland, especially under the rule of [[Nicola Sturgeon]], who ruled from 2014 to 2023. Brendan O'Neill described the SNP's Scotland as "the most [[authoritarian]] country in [[Western Europe]]".<ref>https://twitter.com/spikedonline/status/1374001716794900484?lang=en-GB</ref>  In 2018, Scotland became the first "country" to require "LGBT+" education in schools, with no exemptions or opt-outs.<ref>Chasmar, Jessica (November 9, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/nov/9/scotland-becomes-first-country-require-lgbt-educat/ Scotland becomes first country to require LGBT+ education]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 10, 2018.</ref><ref>Cummings McLean, Dorothy (November 14, 2018). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/scotland-pushes-lgbt-agenda-into-catholic-schools.-bishops-hope-impact...wi Scotland pushes LGBT agenda into Catholic schools. Bishops hope ‘impact…will be positive for all’]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved November 14, 2018.</ref>

Following the downfall of the Sturgeon regime, the [[Anti-white sentiment|anti-white racist]] [[Radical Islam|Muslim extremist]] ruler [[Humza Yousaf]] (حمزہ یوسف) was installed against the will of the Scottish people. Yousaf is known for enforcing the Hate Crime Act, politically correct thought-policing which has been compared to [[Sharia Law]] (شرعی قانون).<ref name="blitzsharia">[https://www.weeklyblitz.net/opinion/humza-yousaf-pushes-sharia-law-in-scotland/ Humza Yousaf pushes sharia law in Scotland]</ref>

Following the downfall of the Sturgeon regime, the [[Anti-white sentiment|anti-white racist]] [[Radical Islam|Muslim extremist]] ruler [[Humza Yousaf]] (حمزہ یوسف) was installed against the will of the Scottish people. Yousaf is known for enforcing the Hate Crime Act, [[politically correct]] thought-policing that has been compared to [[Sharia Law]] (شرعی قانون).<ref name="blitzsharia">[https://www.weeklyblitz.net/opinion/humza-yousaf-pushes-sharia-law-in-scotland/ Humza Yousaf pushes sharia law in Scotland]</ref>

==Symbol==

==Symbol==

==Geography==

==Geography==

Scotland is split into three distinct geographical regions; the mountainous Highlands to the north, the rolling countryside of the Central Lowlands (where the major urban centres are located) and the hilly Southern Uplands that lie next to the English border. Scotland also includes the island groups of [[Orkney]], [[Shetland]], the [[Inner Hebrides|Inner]] and [[Outer Hebrides]], the islands of the [[Firth of Clyde]] including [[Arran]], [[Bute]], [[Cumbrae]] and [[Wee Cumbrae]], as well as the outlying [[St. Kilda]] archipelago, [[Rockall]] and various other smaller islands.

Scotland is split into three distinct geographical regions: the mountainous Highlands to the north, the rolling countryside of the Central Lowlands (where the major urban centres are located) and the hilly Southern Uplands that lie next to the English border. Scotland also includes the island groups of [[Orkney]], [[Shetland]], the [[Inner Hebrides|Inner]] and [[Outer Hebrides]], the islands of the [[Firth of Clyde]] including [[Arran]], [[Bute]], [[Cumbrae]] and [[Wee Cumbrae]], as well as the outlying [[St. Kilda]] archipelago, [[Rockall]] and various other smaller islands.

[[Ben Nevis]], the highest mountain in the [[United Kingdom]], is in the Scottish [[Scottish Highlands|Highlands]], as are most of the nation's highest mountains. Those with heights above 3000 feet are eponymously named [[Munro]]s after Sir Hector Munro, the first person to compile a list of such mountains.<ref>for a complete list of Munros see http://www.sol.co.uk/d/dickwall/munroes.htm</ref>

[[Ben Nevis]], the highest mountain in the [[United Kingdom]], is in the Scottish [[Scottish Highlands|Highlands]], as are most of the nation's highest mountains. Those with heights above 3000 feet are eponymously named [[Munro]]s after Sir Hector Munro, the first person to compile a list of such mountains. <ref>For a complete list of Munros, see http://www.sol.co.uk/d/dickwall/munroes.htm</ref>

Scotland has some 2,300 miles of coastline, including numerous estuaries called ''firths'' and sea lochs. Major rivers include the Spey, Tweed, Clyde, and Forth with the Tay being Scotland's longest river. Lakes, called ''lochs'' in the region, are abundant, with the name applied both to freshwater lakes and to sea inlets; Lochs Lomond, Morar, and Ness are the largest in the British Isles and well known for their picturesque beauty, with [[Loch Ness]] having additional fame as the home of a [[Loch Ness Monster|legendary monster]].

Scotland has some 2,300 miles of coastline, including numerous estuaries called ''firths'' and sea lochs. Major rivers include the Spey, Tweed, Clyde, and Forth, with the Tay being Scotland's longest river. Lakes, called ''lochs'' in the region, are abundant, with the name applied both to freshwater lakes and to sea inlets; Lochs Lomond, Morar, and Ness are the largest in the British Isles and well known for their picturesque beauty, with [[Loch Ness]] having additional fame as the home of a [[Loch Ness Monster|legendary monster]].

==People==

==People==

====Religion====

====Religion====

Scotland is historically [[Christianity|Christian]]; the national [[church]] is the [[Church of Scotland]].  

Scotland is historically [[Christianity|Christian]]; the national [[church]] is the [[Church of Scotland]].  

Scotland was a [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholic]] nation until the time of the [[Reformation]], when [[John Knox]] (1510–1572), George Wishart (1513–46) and other scholars returned from their travels in Germany excited by the works of [[John Calvin]] and to a lesser extent [[Martin Luther]].  

Scotland was a [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholic]] nation until the time of the [[Reformation]], when [[John Knox]] (1510–1572), George Wishart (1513–46) and other scholars returned from their travels in Germany excited by the works of [[John Calvin]] and, to a lesser extent, [[Martin Luther]].  

Many of the lords became Protestant and in 1560, the Scottish Parliament formally rejected Papal jurisdiction. The Protestants ousted the Catholic queen, Mary Stuart ('Mary, Queen of Scots') and replaced her with her son, [[James VI]] (later to become [[James I]] of England).  

Many of the lords became Protestant, and in 1560, the Scottish Parliament formally rejected Papal jurisdiction. The Protestants ousted the Catholic queen, Mary Stuart ('Mary, Queen of Scots') and replaced her with her son, [[James VI]] (later to become [[James I]] of England).  

Scotland became overwhelmingly [[Protestantism|Protestant]] with Catholicism surviving only in the remote and sparsely populated Highlands. About a third of the [[Presbyterian]]s split off in the "Disruption of 1843" to form the Free Church of Scotland. After various other splits, most of the Free Church reunited with the Church of Scotland in 1929. The Church of Scotland had about 960,000 adult members in 1980 but only 600,000 in 2006.  

Scotland became overwhelmingly [[Protestantism|Protestant]] with Catholicism surviving only in the remote and sparsely populated Highlands. About a third of the [[Presbyterian]]s split off in the "Disruption of 1843" to form the Free Church of Scotland. After various other splits, most of the Free Church reunited with the Church of Scotland in 1929. The Church of Scotland had about 960,000 adult members in 1980 but only 600,000 in 2006.  

From the mid-19th century until the interwar period, there were large-scale immigrations of [[Ireland|Irish]] Catholics to Scotland's industrial urban centres, and this changed the religious demography. Today there are a similar number of communicants of both the Roman Catholic Church and the Presbyterian Church of Scotland, although both religions have suffered considerable declines in church-going attendances. The Anglican (Episcopalian) Church is predominant in the north-east. Recent immigration has produced significant populations of [[Islam|Muslims]], [[Hinduism|Hindus]], [[Judaism|Jews]] and [[Sikhism|Sikhs]] in Scotland's major cities (Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Dundee).

From the mid-19th century until the interwar period, there were large-scale immigrations of [[Ireland|Irish]] Catholics to Scotland's industrial urban centres, and this changed the religious demography. Today there are a similar number of communicants of both the Roman Catholic Church and the Presbyterian Church of Scotland, although both religions have suffered considerable declines in church-going attendance. The Anglican (Episcopalian) Church is predominant in the north-east. Recent immigration has produced significant populations of [[Islam|Muslims]], [[Hinduism|Hindus]], [[Judaism|Jews]] and [[Sikhism|Sikhs]] in Scotland's major cities (Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Dundee).

====Culture and sports====

====Culture and sports====

Scotland has given the English-speaking world many of the language's finest writers, poets and philosophers. Among these are Adam Smith, David Hume, Sir Walter Scott, Robert Burns, Frances Hutcheson, James Hogg, Robert Louis Stevenson, Arthur Conan Doyle, J.M. Barrie and Hugh MacDiarmid. The Scottish intellectual and cultural tradition can be traced back to the Scottish Enlightenment, a remarkable period in the 18th century characterized by an outpouring of intellectual and scientific accomplishments. Indeed, it was Voltaire who said "we look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilization." Scotland is also famous for its disproportionate amount of inventors and scientists such as Alexander Graham Bell (telephone), Lord Kelvin (the Kelvin si unit of temperature), James Watt (condensed steam power), John Napier (logarithms and the decimal point), Joseph Lister (pioneer of antiseptics), Alexander Fleming (penicillin), James Clark Maxwell (electro-magnetism), Robert Watson Watt (radar) and John Logie Baird (television). It is home to ancient world-class universities including the three Universities of Edinburgh, Glasgow and St Andrews and was one of the first industrialized and urbanized nations in the world.

Scotland has given the English-speaking world many of the language's finest writers, poets and philosophers. Among these are Adam Smith, David Hume, Sir Walter Scott, Robert Burns, Frances Hutcheson, James Hogg, Robert Louis Stevenson, Arthur Conan Doyle, J.M. Barrie and Hugh MacDiarmid. The Scottish intellectual and cultural tradition can be traced back to the Scottish Enlightenment, a remarkable period in the 18th century characterized by an outpouring of intellectual and scientific accomplishments. Indeed, it was Voltaire who said "we look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilization." Scotland is also famous for its disproportionate amount of inventors and scientists such as Alexander Graham Bell (telephone), Lord Kelvin (the Kelvin si unit of temperature), James Watt (condensed steam power), John Napier (logarithms and the decimal point), Joseph Lister (pioneer of antiseptics), Alexander Fleming (penicillin), James Clark Maxwell (electro-magnetism), Robert Watson Watt (radar) and John Logie Baird (television). It is home to ancient world-class universities including the three Universities of Edinburgh, Glasgow and St Andrews, and was one of the first industrialized and urbanized nations in the world.

Above all else, the national preoccupation is [[football (soccer)]]. Other popular pastimes include [[Rugby (sport)|rugby]], [[lawn bowls]], [[motorsports]], [[horseracing]], [[shinty]], [[curling]], sports of the [[Highland Games]] - such as tossing the [[caber]]- and, of course, [[golf]]. Scotland is the home of golf. The Royal and Ancient Golf Club at [[St Andrews]] is the governing body of world golf.

Above all else, the national preoccupation is [[football (soccer)]]. Other popular pastimes include [[Rugby (sport)|rugby]], [[lawn bowls]], [[motorsports]], [[horseracing]], [[shinty]], [[curling]], sports of the [[Highland Games]] - such as tossing the [[caber]]- and, of course, [[golf]]. Scotland is the home of golf. The Royal and Ancient Golf Club at [[St Andrews]] is the governing body of world golf.

Alex Neil - Cabinet Secretary for Infrastructure and Capital Investment <br />

Alex Neil - Cabinet Secretary for Infrastructure and Capital Investment <br />

These secretaries are aided in their work by ministers, working within the cabinet departments, and each has their own specific area of devolved responsibility.<ref>http://www.scotland.gov.uk/About/14944/Scottish-Cabinet</ref>

These secretaries are aided in their work by ministers, working within the cabinet departments, and each has his or her own specific area of devolved responsibility.<ref>http://www.scotland.gov.uk/About/14944/Scottish-Cabinet</ref>

===Relations with England===

===Relations with England===