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'''Fred Hoyle''' (1915-2001) was a British [[astronomer]] who developed the [[steady state]] theory of [[cosmology]].

'''Fred Hoyle''' (1915-2001) was a British [[astronomer]] who developed the [[steady state]] theory of [[cosmology]].

He was noted for his rejection of [[naturalistic]] theories of how the [[universe]] came into being.<ref>He supported the [[anthropic principle]], holding that there is a [[design in creation]]: the universe was designed in such a way as to produce life. [http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/hoyle.htm] </ref>

He was noted for his rejection of [[naturalistic]] theories of how the [[universe]] came into being.<ref>He supported the [[anthropic principle]], holding that there is a [[design in creation]]: the universe was designed in such a way as to produce life. [http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/hoyle.htm]</ref>

Nobel Prize winner Fowler wrote: "Fred Hoyle was the second great influence in my life. The grand concept of nucleosynthesis in stars was first definitely established by Hoyle in 1946." <ref>http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/hoyle.htm</ref> During a radio lecture, he coined the term "[[big Bang theory|big bang]]" to ridicule the theory (that he disbelieved<ref>Hoyle held out against Big Bang theory, even post-1965, when the discovery of the microwave background led most cosmologists to favor it. [http://www.physicstoday.org/vol-54/iss-11/p75b.html Physics Today] obituary </ref>) that the universe began from an explosion.

Nobel Prize winner William Alfred Fowler wrote: "Fred Hoyle was the second great influence in my life. The grand concept of nucleosynthesis in stars was first definitely established by Hoyle in 1946."<ref>http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/hoyle.htm</ref> During a radio lecture, he coined the term "[[big Bang theory|big bang]]" to ridicule the theory (which he disbelieved<ref>Hoyle held out against Big Bang theory, even post-1965, when the discovery of the microwave background led most cosmologists to favor it. [http://www.physicstoday.org/vol-54/iss-11/p75b.html Physics Today] obituary </ref>) that the universe began from an explosion.

*He was best known for his seminal contributions to the theory of the structure of [[star]]s and on the origin of the chemical elements in stars. He was a joint proponent of the [[steady state model of the universe]], which claims, [[Biblical creation account|in contradiction with God]], that the universe had no beginning.

In an obvious punishment of Fred Hoyle, the [[Nobel Prize]] was awarded to underlings for Fred Hoyle's work. This prize was awarded at a time when Fred Hoyle was embarrassing [[evolutionists]] by calling the [[archaeopteryx]] at the British Museum of History a fraud. {{fact}}

Hoyle was best known for his seminal contributions to the theory of the structure of [[star]]s and on the origin of the chemical elements in stars. He was a joint proponent of the [[steady state model of the universe]], which claims, in contradiction to the [[Biblical creation account]], that the universe had no beginning.

* By 1946 he had formulated the original and still generally accepted idea that the elements are generated in evolving stars and injected into the interstellar medium by [[supernova]] explosions. In 1957 Hoyle collaborated with Willy Fowler, Margaret and Geoffrey Burbidge on an epoch-making paper on the nucleosynthesis of elements in stars. [http://janus.lib.cam.ac.uk/db/node.xsp?id=EAD%2FGBR%2F0275%2FHoyle]

 

By 1946 Hoyle had formulated the original and still generally accepted idea that the elements are generated in evolving stars and injected into the interstellar medium by [[supernova]] explosions. In 1957 he collaborated with William Alfred Fowler, Margaret Burbidge and Geoffrey Burbidge on an epoch-making paper on the nucleosynthesis of elements in stars.<ref>http://janus.lib.cam.ac.uk/db/node.xsp?id=EAD%2FGBR%2F0275%2FHoyle</ref>

==References==

==References==