Changes

After graduating in 1926, Hiss went on to Harvard Law School, where he resumed his friendship with [[Henry Collins]] (who was attending Harvard Business School) and served on the ''Harvard Law Review'' with his classmate [[Lee Pressman]].<ref>[http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-5testimony.html Testimony of Alger Hiss before the House Committee on Un-American Activities] (August 5, 1948)</ref> Hiss became the protégé of one instructor, future Supreme Court Justice [[Felix Frankfurter]]—whom former [[President of the United States]] [[William Howard Taft]], Chief Justice of the [[Supreme Court of the United States]], said "seems to be closely in touch with every [[Bolshevik|Bolshevist]], [[Communist]] movement in this country."<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,870087.html Felix Frankfurter]," ''Time'',  September 7, 1962</ref> When Hiss graduated from law school in 1929, Frankfurter got him a job as law clerk to Supreme Court Justice [[Oliver Wendell Holmes]].<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,888531,00.html Your Witness, Mr. Murphy]," ''Time,'' July 4, 1949</ref> The same year, Hiss married the former Mrs. Priscilla Fansler Hobson.

After graduating in 1926, Hiss went on to Harvard Law School, where he resumed his friendship with [[Henry Collins]] (who was attending Harvard Business School) and served on the ''Harvard Law Review'' with his classmate [[Lee Pressman]].<ref>[http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-5testimony.html Testimony of Alger Hiss before the House Committee on Un-American Activities] (August 5, 1948)</ref> Hiss became the protégé of one instructor, future Supreme Court Justice [[Felix Frankfurter]]—whom former [[President of the United States]] [[William Howard Taft]], Chief Justice of the [[Supreme Court of the United States]], said "seems to be closely in touch with every [[Bolshevik|Bolshevist]], [[Communist]] movement in this country."<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,870087.html Felix Frankfurter]," ''Time'',  September 7, 1962</ref> When Hiss graduated from law school in 1929, Frankfurter got him a job as law clerk to Supreme Court Justice [[Oliver Wendell Holmes]].<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,888531,00.html Your Witness, Mr. Murphy]," ''Time,'' July 4, 1949</ref> The same year, Hiss married the former Mrs. Priscilla Fansler Hobson.

Hiss went on to a law firm in Boston, then to another in New York where, by 1930, his wife Priscilla had joined the Morningside Heights branch of the [[Socialist Party]].<ref> G. Edward White, ''Alger Hiss's Looking-glass Wars: The Covert Life of a Soviet Spy'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004) ISBN 0195182553, p. 27</ref> By 1932, Priscilla Hiss was an active member of [[American Labor Associates]], and Hiss was becoming "radicalized,"<ref>Douglas Linder, [http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/hisschronology.html The Trials of Alger Hiss: A Chronology], Famous Trials: The Alger Hiss Trials, 1949-50 (University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law, 2003)</ref> joining the [[International Juridical Association]], along with his Harvard Law classmate Lee Pressman<ref> G. Edward White, ''Alger Hiss's Looking-glass Wars: The Covert Life of a Soviet Spy'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004) ISBN 0195182553, p. 27</ref> and [[Nathan Witt]].<ref>Martin Dies, ''The Trojan Horse in America'' (New York: Arno Press, 1977) ISBN:0405099452, p. 92</ref>

Hiss went on to a law firm in Boston, then to another in New York where, by 1930, his wife Priscilla had joined the Morningside Heights branch of the [[Socialist Party]].<ref> G. Edward White, ''Alger Hiss's Looking-glass Wars: The Covert Life of a Soviet Spy'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004) ISBN 0195182553, p. 27</ref> By 1932, Priscilla Hiss was an active member of [[American Labor Associates]], and Hiss was becoming "radicalized,"<ref>Douglas Linder, [http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/hisschronology.html The Trials of Alger Hiss: A Chronology], Famous Trials: The Alger Hiss Trials, 1949-50 (University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law, 2003)</ref> joining the [[International Juridical Association]] (IJA), along with his Harvard Law classmate Lee Pressman<ref> G. Edward White, ''Alger Hiss's Looking-glass Wars: The Covert Life of a Soviet Spy'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004) ISBN 0195182553, p. 27</ref> and [[Nathan Witt]].<ref>Martin Dies, ''The Trojan Horse in America'' (New York: Arno Press, 1977) ISBN:0405099452, p. 92</ref>

During this period, Hiss' letters to his wife reflected his increasing radicalism. In 1930, he made a coy reference to the [[International Workers of the World]], writing to Priscilla, "[D]id thee call thyself a Wobbly with an I.W.W. tongue in thy socialistic (I couldn't bring myself to write “Communistic”) cheek." Suggesting that an article questioning the legitimacy of the existing “capitalist order”<ref>Archibald MacLeish, “To the Young Men of Wall Street,” ''Saturday Review'', January 16, 1932</ref> did not go far enough, Hiss wrote to Priscilla in 1932, “Has thee seen Archibald MacLeish's article on capitalism in last week's ''Saturday Review''? Felix [Frankfurter] says it is soft thinking after Wilson.”<ref>Tony Hiss, ''The View From Alger's Window'' (New York: Vintage Books, 2000) ISBN 0375701281, pp. 140-141</ref>

During this period, Hiss' letters to his wife reflected his increasing radicalism. In 1930, he made a coy reference to the [[International Workers of the World]], writing to Priscilla, "[D]id thee call thyself a Wobbly with an I.W.W. tongue in thy socialistic (I couldn't bring myself to write “Communistic”) cheek." Suggesting that an article questioning the legitimacy of the existing “capitalist order”<ref>Archibald MacLeish, “To the Young Men of Wall Street,” ''Saturday Review'', January 16, 1932</ref> did not go far enough, Hiss wrote to Priscilla in 1932, “Has thee seen Archibald MacLeish's article on capitalism in last week's ''Saturday Review''? Felix [Frankfurter] says it is soft thinking after Wilson.”<ref>Tony Hiss, ''The View From Alger's Window'' (New York: Vintage Books, 2000) ISBN 0375701281, pp. 140-141</ref>

==New Deal==

==New Deal==

In 1933, Frankfurter sent Hiss a telegram urging him to join President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]'s [[New Deal]] under Secretary of Agriculture [[Henry A. Wallace]] as an attorney with the new [[Agricultural Adjustment Administration]] (AAA).<ref>Dan Cryer, "[http://www.salon.com/books/feature/1999/06/01/hiss/index.html We're a long way from the end of this]," Salon.com, June 1, 1999</ref> At AAA, Hiss reunited with his boyhood friend [[Henry Collins]], Harvard Law School classmate [[Lee Pressman]] and colleague [[Nathan Witt]], and became acquainted with [[Harold Ware]],<ref>[http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-5testimony.html Testimony of Alger Hiss before the House Committee on Un-American Activities] (August 5, 1948)</ref> head of an underground apparatus of the [[Communist Party]], according to confessed former Soviet courier [[Whittaker Chambers]]. Chambers would name Hiss, Pressman and Witt, among others, as members of the "Ware group,"<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,811892,00.html The Case of Alger Hiss," ''Time'', February 13, 1950</ref> and name Collins as the group's treasurer.<ref>[http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-3testimony.html Testimony of Whittaker Chambers before the House Committee on Un-American Activities] (August 3, 1948)</ref> Collins would refuse to answer whether he was a member of the Communist Party (citing grounds of potential self-incrimination),<ref>Hearings of the Senate Internal Security subcommittee, October 8, 1957, pp. 1855-56</ref> as would Witt.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,859933,00.html Mr. Smith Went to Washington]," ''Time'', June 1, 1953</ref> Pressman would eventually admit having been a Communist and member of the Ware group, identifying Witt, among others as a fellow member.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,856648,00.html The Road Back]," ''Time'', September 4, 1950</ref> Rather than taking the [[Fifth Amendment]], Hiss would deny membership, but [[Nathaniel Weyl]], another confessed former member of the Ware group, would testify that he attended secret Communist meetings with Alger Hiss, and saw Hiss pay his party dues.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,890230,00.html “Another Witness,” Time, March 3, 1952]</ref>

In 1933, Frankfurter sent Hiss a telegram urging him to join President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]'s [[New Deal]] under Secretary of Agriculture [[Henry A. Wallace]] as an attorney with the new [[Agricultural Adjustment Administration]] (AAA).<ref>Dan Cryer, "[http://www.salon.com/books/feature/1999/06/01/hiss/index.html We're a long way from the end of this]," Salon.com, June 1, 1999</ref> At AAA, Hiss reunited with his boyhood friend [[Henry Collins]], Harvard Law School classmate [[Lee Pressman]] and IJA colleague [[Nathan Witt]], and became acquainted with [[Harold Ware]],<ref>[http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-5testimony.html Testimony of Alger Hiss before the House Committee on Un-American Activities] (August 5, 1948)</ref> head of an underground apparatus of the [[Communist Party]], according to confessed former Soviet courier [[Whittaker Chambers]]. Chambers would name Hiss, Pressman and Witt, among others, as members of the "Ware group,"<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,811892,00.html The Case of Alger Hiss," ''Time'', February 13, 1950</ref> and name Collins as the group's treasurer.<ref>[http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-3testimony.html Testimony of Whittaker Chambers before the House Committee on Un-American Activities] (August 3, 1948)</ref> Collins would refuse to answer whether he was a member of the Communist Party (citing grounds of potential self-incrimination),<ref>Hearings of the Senate Internal Security subcommittee, October 8, 1957, pp. 1855-56</ref> as would Witt.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,859933,00.html Mr. Smith Went to Washington]," ''Time'', June 1, 1953</ref> Pressman would eventually admit having been a Communist and member of the Ware group, identifying Witt, among others as a fellow member.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,856648,00.html The Road Back]," ''Time'', September 4, 1950</ref> Rather than taking the [[Fifth Amendment]], Hiss would deny membership, but [[Nathaniel Weyl]], another confessed former member of the Ware group, would testify that he attended secret Communist meetings with Alger Hiss, and saw Hiss pay his party dues.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,890230,00.html “Another Witness,” Time, March 3, 1952]</ref>

In 1934, Hiss was appointed General Counsel for the [[U.S. Senate]] [[Special Committee Investigating the Munitions Industry|Nye committe]],<ref>[http://www.mdhs.org/library/Mss/ms002504.html Biographical Sketch. Alger Hiss Collection, 1934-1979] (Maryland Historical Society)</ref> which investigated charges of "warmongering" and "war profiteering" in the munitions industry in World War I.<ref>http://www.archives.gov/legislative/guide/senate/chapter-18-1921-1946.html#18D-4 Special Committee Investigating the Munitions Industry (April 12, 1934). Guide to the Records of the U.S. Senate at the National Archives</ref> The following year, Hiss transferred into the [[Justice Department]] as special assistant to the [[Solictor General]], where he tried unsuccessfully to defend the [[Agricultural Adjustment Act]] before the [[United States Supreme Court]]<ref>[http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-5testimony.html Testimony of Alger Hiss before the House Committee on Un-American Activities] (August 5, 1948)</ref> (which ruled the AAA unconstitutional in 1936).<ref>http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct-cgi/get-us-cite?297+1 United States v. Butler, 297 U.S. 1 (1936)</ref>

In 1934, Hiss was appointed General Counsel for the [[U.S. Senate]] [[Special Committee Investigating the Munitions Industry|Nye committe]],<ref>[http://www.mdhs.org/library/Mss/ms002504.html Biographical Sketch. Alger Hiss Collection, 1934-1979] (Maryland Historical Society)</ref> which investigated charges of "warmongering" and "war profiteering" in the munitions industry in World War I.<ref>http://www.archives.gov/legislative/guide/senate/chapter-18-1921-1946.html#18D-4 Special Committee Investigating the Munitions Industry (April 12, 1934). Guide to the Records of the U.S. Senate at the National Archives</ref> The following year, Hiss transferred into the [[Justice Department]] as special assistant to the [[Solictor General]], where he tried unsuccessfully to defend the [[Agricultural Adjustment Act]] before the [[United States Supreme Court]]<ref>[http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-5testimony.html Testimony of Alger Hiss before the House Committee on Un-American Activities] (August 5, 1948)</ref> (which ruled the AAA unconstitutional in 1936).<ref>http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct-cgi/get-us-cite?297+1 United States v. Butler, 297 U.S. 1 (1936)</ref>