Difference between revisions of "Mustafa Kemal Ataturk"
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| − | Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881–1938) was the military founder of modern Turkey, and its first president. He was a successful division commander in the [[Battle of Gallipoli]]. When the Allies defeated the Ottoman Empire and arranged for its partition, he led a rebellion in the Turkish War of Independence. | + | '''Mustafa Kemal Atatürk''' (1881–1938) was the military founder of modern [[Turkey]], and its first president. He was a successful division commander in the [[Battle of Gallipoli]]. When the [[Allies]] defeated the [[Ottoman Empire]] and arranged for its partition, he led a rebellion in the [[Turkish War of Independence]]. |
| − | Kemal deposed the last sultan of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1922 and became president of Turkey in 1923. It is estimated that over 99% of Turks are Muslim [https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/tu.html#People], but Kemal established a secular rule based on a strong military. He abolished Islamic courts and gave women the right to vote and hold government positions. As a result of his efforts, Turkey is the only Muslim country to independently hold democratic elections. | + | Kemal deposed the last sultan of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1922 and became president of Turkey in 1923. It is estimated that over 99% of Turks are [[Muslim]] [https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/tu.html#People], but Kemal established a [[secular state|secular rule]] based on a strong military. He abolished Islamic courts and gave women the right to vote and hold government positions. As a result of his efforts, Turkey is the only Muslim country to independently hold democratic elections. |
| − | Samuel Huntington defines "Kamalism" as a response to attempts at "reconciliation of Islam and modernity', or to modernise Islam without Westernization. | + | [[Samuel Huntington]] defines "Kamalism" as a response to attempts at "reconciliation of Islam and modernity', or to modernise Islam without [[Westernization]]. |
==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
*Samuel P Huntington, ''The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order'', New York: Touchtone, 1997. [http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19930601faessay5188/samuel-p-huntington/the-clash-of-civilizations.html] | *Samuel P Huntington, ''The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order'', New York: Touchtone, 1997. [http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19930601faessay5188/samuel-p-huntington/the-clash-of-civilizations.html] | ||
[[Category:Turkey]] | [[Category:Turkey]] | ||
Revision as of 06:44, September 16, 2008
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881–1938) was the military founder of modern Turkey, and its first president. He was a successful division commander in the Battle of Gallipoli. When the Allies defeated the Ottoman Empire and arranged for its partition, he led a rebellion in the Turkish War of Independence.
Kemal deposed the last sultan of the Ottoman Empire in 1922 and became president of Turkey in 1923. It is estimated that over 99% of Turks are Muslim [1], but Kemal established a secular rule based on a strong military. He abolished Islamic courts and gave women the right to vote and hold government positions. As a result of his efforts, Turkey is the only Muslim country to independently hold democratic elections.
Samuel Huntington defines "Kamalism" as a response to attempts at "reconciliation of Islam and modernity', or to modernise Islam without Westernization.
Reference
- Samuel P Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, New York: Touchtone, 1997. [2]