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| − | '''Down syndrome''' (also written as '''Down's syndrome''', technical name '''Trisomy 21'''<ref>http://www.ds-health.com/trisomy.htm</ref>) is a genetic disorder caused by an extra copy of [[chromosome]] 21. The greatest risk factor for having a child with Down syndrome is increased maternal (and, to a lesser extent, paternal) age.
| + | FACT: my IQ is 165, yours is 78!; |
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| − | The name comes from [[British]] [[physician]] [[John Langdom Down]], who described the syndrome in [[1862]]. Down named the condition '''mongolism''' because the external appearance of its sufferers resembled that of the [[Mongolian]] race (one of the five racial classifications commonly used at the time). Currently, the terms "mongolism" and "mongoloid" are considered offensive.
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| − | The most important medical aspect of Down syndrome is [[mental retardation]]. Individuals with Down syndrome have mild to severe mental retardation. It is impossible to reliably predict what the eventual level of function of a child with Down syndrome will be.
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| − | Other characteristics of Down syndrome (not all of which affect every individual who has Down's) are :
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| − | * Single [[transverse palmar crease]]
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| − | * Epicanthic folds and oblique eye opening
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| − | * Smaller limbs
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| − | * Weak muscle tone
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| − | * Enlarged, protruding [[tongue]]
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| − | * [[Congenital heart defect]]
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| − | * [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]]
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| − | * [[Otitis]] and hearing deficits
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| − | * [[Sleep apnea]]
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| − | * [[Thyroid]] hormone problems
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| − | * [[Leukemia]]
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| − | * Early onset [[Alzheimer's disease]]
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| − | There is evidence that people with Down syndrome have higher resistance to [[cancer]]{{fact}}.
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| − | Down syndrome is an universal phenomenon, affecting all nationalities. Although the greatest risk factor is increased maternal age, the majority of children with Down syndrome are born to mothers under the age of 35, because the vast majority of children as a whole are born to younger mothers. Most people who support abortion support the abortion of children with Down's Syndrome{{fact}}.
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| − | [[Category:Genetics]]
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| − | [[Category:Syndromes]]
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Revision as of 21:35, November 15, 2008
FACT: my IQ is 165, yours is 78!;
