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Essay:Best New Conservative Words (view source)

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[[Image:Tax-spend.jpg|thumb|480px|The "tax-and-spend" slogan stuck to Harry Hopkins like a well-fitted suit.]]Each year the English language develops about a thousand new words.  The [[King James Version]] of the [[Bible]] contains only about 8,000 different words,<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/8013859.stm</ref> and many good words have developed since then.
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
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[[Conservative]] terms are being generated at a faster rate, and with much higher quality, than [[liberal]] terms are.  This implies an inevitable conservative triumph over liberalism.
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
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Powerful, insightful new conservative terms have grown at a [[geometric progression|geometric rate]], roughly doubling every century.  For every insightful new conservative term originating in the 1600s, there are two new terms originating in the 1700s, four new terms in the 1800s, and eight new terms in the 1900s, for a pattern of "1-2-4-8".  Implications of a geometric increase for new conservative terms include a more conservative future and a correlation between conservatism and truth. The year 1612 is our starting point: the King James Version of the Bible had just been published in 1611, and [[William Shakespeare]] had written virtually all of his plays. 
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
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{| class="wikitable sortable"
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
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|-
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!Century
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!# New Conservative Terms
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!Most Prolific Periods
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|-
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|1600s
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|20
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|period following publication of [[KJV]]
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|-
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|1700s
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|40
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|[[Great Awakening|Great Awaken.]], [[American Revolution|Am. Revol.]], [[Constitutional Convention|Const. Conv.]]
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|-
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|1800s
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|79
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|1820s - political transition and conflict
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|-
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|1900s
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|159
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|1940s - [[World War II|WWII]] and postwar transition
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|-
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|2000s
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|13 (preliminary)
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|
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|-
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|}
     −
==Conservative words and terms==
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
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{{clear}}
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
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{| class="wikitable sortable"
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|-
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!New Term
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!Origin date
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!Comments
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|-
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|[[accountability]]
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|1794
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|
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|-
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|[[action-at-a-distance]]
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|1693
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|[[Newton]]'s acceptance of this concept -- which became fundamental to [[electrostatics]] and [[quantum mechanics]] and has a basis in Christianity<ref>''See, e.g.'', [[Jesus]]'s cure of the centurion's slave.</ref> -- was central to the development of his theory of gravity.<ref>http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/newton-philosophy/#ActDis</ref> Einstein criticized this concept as "spooky".
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|-
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|activism
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|1915
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|this differentiates conservatives from inactive people; this term might have originated in connection with [[Prohibition]] and efforts to pass the [[Eighteenth Amendment]]
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|-
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|aerobics
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|1967
  −
|invented by the Christian Dr. Kenneth H. Cooper<ref>http://www.christianadvice.net/famous_christians.htm</ref> to describe his self-help, revolutionary program to improve health, he entitled his ground-breaking book in 1968 ''Aerobics''.
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|-
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|alarmism
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|1867
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|needless warnings, as in the politically motivated claims of [[global warming]]
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|-
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|alcoholism
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|1860
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|excessive or addictive drinking of alcohol
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|-
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|algorithm
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|1894
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|an efficient and consistent step-by-step methodology for achieving a goal, the opposite of [[liberal style]]
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|-
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|altruism
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|1853
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|selfless assistance of others; this also occurs in the animal kingdom, and is a [[counterexample to evolution]]
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|-
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|ambulance chaser
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|1896
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|a lawyer who searches for victims to persuade them to sue for his profit
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|-
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|[[American dream]]
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|1911<ref>1911 is the date given by the "OED", which refers to the Oxford English Dictionary. The Merriam-Webster dictionary gives a date of 1931.</ref>
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|the idea that one’s work should be rewarding.
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|-
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|[[anti-Christian]]
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|1900s
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|thirty-three million sites turn up in a Google search, yet the Merriam-Webster dictionary doesn't recognize this important term
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|-
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|anticompetitive
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|1952
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|interfering with open competition and the enormous benefits that flow from it
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|-
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|antilife
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|1929
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|critical term describing a tendency to oppose life and lifesaving care
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|-
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|apple pie
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|1780
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|honesty, simplicity, wholesomeness. Relating to, or characterized by traditionally American values. <ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/apple%20pie Merriam-webster- Apple pie]</ref>
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|-
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|assimilate
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|1880s<ref>estimate only; this originated sometime in the late 1880s.</ref>
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|the desired absorption of immigrant groups into the culture and mores of the resident population
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|-
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|attention span
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|1934
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|correlated with intelligence, the attention span is how long someone can concentrate on something.  It is rapidly shortening; the Lincoln-Douglas debates 150 years ago lasted for hours, but none do today.<ref>http://www.help4teachers.com/ras.htm</ref>  The average length of sentences in speech is another indication of attention span, and it has been shortening significantly.
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|-
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|baby boom
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|1941
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|an increase in birthrate, which is a good thing; note that the baby boom actually started before World War II, contrary to what textbooks teach.
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|-
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|[[bailout]]
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|1951
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|wasting taxpayer money to rescue, temporarily, a failing company
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|-
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|bedrock
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|1840-1850
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|an American term for unbroken solid rock underneath fragments or soil, which adopted the figurative meaning of strong values:  "bedrock principles"<ref>http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bedrock</ref>
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|-
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|beltway mentality
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|1986
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|popularized by [[Paul Weyrich]] though possibly first used by then-Governor [[John Sununu]] ("captives of yourselves"), it refers to a governing style that sees only as far as the highway that surrounds its capital, especially the one around D.C.
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|-
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|biased
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|1649
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|
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|-
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|Big Brother
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|1949
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|government constantly watching its citizens; [[George Orwell]] first coined this term in his classic, ''[[1984]]''
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|
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|-
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|Blame America Crowd<ref>Or "Blame-America-First Crowd"</ref>
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|1984
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|Michael Barone quoted [[Jeane Kirkpatrick]] as saying that the "San Francisco Democrats" (site of the Democratic National Convention in 1984) "always blame America first."<ref>http://www.creators.com/opinion/michael-barone/the-blame-america-first-crowd.html</ref>
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|-
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|blank check
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|1884
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|irresponsibly giving someone unlimited spending authority or power, as in "a Con Con would be a blank check to destroy the nation"
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|-
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|[[Blue Dog Democrat]]
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|1995
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|a person who adheres to conservative principles within the Democratic party, once called a Boll Weevil; as of 2009 there are 45-50 Blue Dog Democrats in the [[House of Representatives]], which is enough to form a majority with [[Republicans]]
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|-
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|boondoggle
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|1935
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|"popularized during the [[New Deal]] as a contemptuous word for make-work projects for the unemployed." <ref>http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=boondoggle&searchmode=none</ref> The term gained popularity in [[Canada]] following a corruption scandal tied to the [[Liberal]] government in 2000.
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|-
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|bootstrap
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|1913
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|unaided effort, personal merit, hard work
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|-
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|bork
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|1988
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|coined by William Safire to refer to how Democrats savage a conservative nominee, such as their defeat of Supreme Court nominee [[Robert H. Bork]].
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|-
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|born-again
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|1961
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|it takes an open mind and heart
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|-
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|brainstorm
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|1894
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|a burst of productive thought
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|-
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|brainwashing
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|1950
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|derived from the Chinese term "xǐnǎo" soon after the [[communist]] takeover of China, "brainwashing" means forced abandonment of [[faith]] in favor of regimented [[atheism]]. In a more general sense, it refers to the manipulation and control of the human mind through torture and propaganda techniques.
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|-
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|brinkmanship
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|1956
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|the art of displaying a willingness to use military force in order to obtain a just resolution to a conflict between nations
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|-
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|[[bureaucracy]]
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|1818
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|
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|-
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|busywork
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|1910
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|meaningless activity under the pretense of accomplishing something
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|-
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|can-do
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|1903 <ref> according to the Oxford English Dictionary. [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/can-do Miram-webster] gives the date of 1945 </ref>
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|Phrase coined in a short story by [[Rudyard Kipling]] that has come to refer to an attitude that espouses individual ability and responsibility and not reliance on [[entitlements]]
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|-
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|[[capitalism]]
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|1850-1855
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|creating jobs and wealth based on a private invention, ownership and investments rather than state-controlled resources
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|-
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|catharsis
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|1775
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|facilitating forgiveness and spiritual renewal by expression, as in writing or teaching or confession
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|-
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|caucus
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|1763
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|citizens or representatives gathering to meet and reach political decisions as a group while harnessing aspects of the [[best of the public]]; a favorite term of President John Adams, who wrote the Massachusetts Constitution and played a role in developing the [[Declaration of Independence]]
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|-
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|chaperone
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|1720
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|care and well-being of youths overseen by adults
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|-
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|citizen's arrest
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|1941
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|private enforcement of the law without the need of a taxpayer-funded police officer
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|-
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|claptrap
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|1799
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|pretentious, verbose, and often liberal nonsense; example usage: "the professor wasted the rest of the class on his liberal claptrap"
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|-
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|closed shop
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|1904
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|a business that requires membership in a union as a condition of working there; 22 conservative states prohibit this
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|-
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|[[Coase theorem|Coasean]]
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|1980s
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|an efficient result or bargain based on market forces without the distortions caused by [[transaction costs]]
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|-
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|Columbian
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|1757
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|relating to Christopher Columbus ''or the United States''
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|-
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|Cold War
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|1947
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|recognition that communist nations were at war with American freedom even in the absence of actual military conflict
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|-
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|[[comparative advantage]]
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|1815<ref>http://www-personal.umich.edu/~alandear/glossary/orig.html</ref>
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|developed by the classical economist [[David Ricardo]], this reflects the insight that each country should "do what it does best" in deciding which goods to produce
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|-
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|competitive
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|1829
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|
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|-
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|Con Con
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|1980s
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|popularized by [[Phyllis Schlafly]] to highlight the deception and risks inherent in proposed national constitutional conventions
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|-
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|conservation of charge
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|1949
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|overall charge does not change in an isolated system; it is neither created nor destroyed; the concept was first suggested by [[Benjamin Franklin]] but the date of origin for this term is surprisingly recent
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|-
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|[[conservative]]
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|1831
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|
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|-
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|[[conservative field]]
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|1870s?
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|a type of physical force over a region such that items moving throughout the region can store energy ''without loss'', as in the planetary system and electrical products<ref>The mathematical definition of a conservative field -- which arises in [[multivariable calculus]] -- is that a scalar potential exists for the function and, alternatively, it is [[irrotational]].</ref>
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|-
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|constant
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|1832
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|(noun) something unchanging in value
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|-
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|constitutionality
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|1787
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|its date of origin is the year of the [[Constitutional Convention]] that proposed the [[U.S. Constitution]]
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|-
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|copacetic
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|1890s<ref>Merriam-Webster officially lists its date of origin as 1919 and its source as unknown, but that is well after when Robinson says he developed it.</ref>
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|Bill “Bojangles” Robinson, tap dancer extraordinaire, claimed the invention of this word; it was first popularized by African Americans
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|-
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|copyright
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|1735
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|extending private property to protect expressive works
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|-
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|correlate
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|1742
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|(verb) to show that one thing relates to another, such as [[atheism]] or [[homosexuality]] and selfishness or lack of charity; [[liberal]]s falsely rely on anecdotes to deny the general relationship
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|-
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|[[countability (Mathematics)|countability]]
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|1874
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|[[Georg Cantor]], loathed by the leading contemporary [[mathematicians]], developed this in proving that the real numbers are ''uncountable''
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|-
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|counterexample
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|1957
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|an example that is contrary to the proposition. A common point in logical, reasoned debate.
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|-
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|crackpot
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|1884
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|crazy talk, lunacy, a person on the fringe of reality
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|-
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|[[creation science]]
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|1970s
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|a term coined by the anti-[[evolution|evolutionist]] [[Henry Morris]].<ref>http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/28/AR2006022801716.html</ref>
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|-
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|cross-examination
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|1824
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|the most effective tool against [[liberal]] [[deceit]], better than even the requirement of an oath
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|-
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|crystal clear
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|1815
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|liberals are the opposite
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|-
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|[[culture war]]
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|1991
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|widespread use after the book ''Culture Wars: The Struggle to Define America'' by James Davison Hunter
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|-
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|cyberbullying
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|2000s
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|a type of obnoxious and hurtful liberal behavior on the internet
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|-
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|[[deadweight loss]]
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|1930s<ref>Confirmation of the first use is desired.</ref>
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|the loss in overall wealth and efficiency imposed by monopolies and taxation, due to the loss in extra value that someone would have received beyond what he would have paid for a good at a free market price
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|-
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|death tax
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|1989
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|interestingly, the term was coined by Canadians opposed to the high estate tax on their assets held in the United States; Frank Luntz is credited with later popularizing this term in the United States.<ref>''See'' Dr. Frank Luntz, ''Words That Work: It's Not What You Say, It's What People Hear''</ref>
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|-
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|decentralization
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|1846
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|the dispersion of power, as in a shift from national to local control
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|-
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|decrypt
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|1935
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|military code-breaking, which played an instrumental role in World War II in deciphering enemy codes that many felt were unbreakable; illustrates the "can do" approach of conservatism in a patriotic way
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|-
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|deflation
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|1891
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|an increase in the value of savings
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|-
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|defund
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|1948
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|refers especially to termination of government funding of a wasteful or hurtful program
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|-
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|deliberative assembly
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|1774<ref>''Introduction to Robert's Rules of Order, Newly Revised'' (19th Ed. 2000), xxv.</ref>
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|used by Edmund Burke in describing the British parliament during a speech to voters in Bristol; he meant a body of persons meeting to discuss and decide common action under parliamentary law
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|-
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|demagogue
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|1648
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|
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|-
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|[[deregulation]]
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|1963
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|Reagan won in 1980 by campaigning on this.
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|-
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|design by committee
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|before 1958
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|pejorative term directed against collective production by a group
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|-
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|despotism
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|1727
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|a ruler with unlimited powers
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|-
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|[[deterrence]]
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|1861
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|
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|-
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|devalue
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|1918
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|describing an unwelcome attitude or act, as in "devaluing human life"
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|-
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|devotee
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|1645
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|ardent follower, supporter, or loyalty to. 56 years separates devotee and devoted
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|-
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|disinformation
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|1950s
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|false information spread (and sometimes manufactured) by groups with a strong political agenda
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|-
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|division of labor
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|1776
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|increasing productivity through specialization of labor, as in a husband working in manufacturing while his wife cares for children
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|-
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|domino effect
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|1966
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|how the fall of one nation to communism can result in its harmful spread to neighboring nations
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|-
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|double standard
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|1894
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|applying harsher criticism against one group, such as churchgoers or conservatives, than against another group, such as atheists or liberals; recognition of a double standard by the [[Prodigal Son]] led him to repent and convert
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|-
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|doublethink
  −
|1949
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|a term first coined by [[George Orwell]] in his dystopian novel ''[[1984]]''; it means simultaneously holding contradictory beliefs, which is a characteristic of [[status worship]]
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|-
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|doubting Thomas
  −
|1883
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|someone who believes only what he can see and touch, and doubts all else
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|-
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|dumb down
  −
|1933
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|
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|-
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|Eagle Scout
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|1913
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|the highest rank in the [[Boy Scouts]], the term also means "a straight-arrow and self-reliant man."<ref>Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary (1994).</ref>
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|-
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|editorialize
  −
|1856
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|"to introduce opinion into the reporting of facts"<ref>Merriam-Webster (1994).</ref>
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|-
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|[[efficiency]]
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|1633
  −
|ultimately from the Latin ''efficientem'', meaning ''"working out, or accomplishing"''<ref>[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=efficient Online Etymological Dictionary]</ref>
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|-
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|egotism
  −
|1714
  −
|the root of atheism, as explained by Paul in Romans 1:21-22; the root of depression and anxiety also
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|-
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|[[elementary proof]]
  −
|1865
  −
|a mathematical proof based on the minimum assumptions associated with real analysis; term probably does not predate [[complex analysis]] and its first use may have been the English mathematician James Joseph Sylvester's paper, "On an elementary proof and generalisation of Sir Isaac Newton's hitherto undenionstrated rule for the discovery of imaginary roots."<ref>http://www.archive.org/stream/circular129johnuoft/circular129johnuoft_djvu.txt</ref>
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|-
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|[[elitism]]
  −
|1950
  −
|
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|-
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|[[entitlement]]
  −
|1944
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|
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|-
  −
|entrepreneur
  −
|1852
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|
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|-
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|[[ethnic voting]]
  −
|1900s
  −
|widely recognized and even advocated by some,<ref>http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/1/5/2/3/4/p152345_index.html</ref> yet the dictionary doesn't yet recognize it
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|-
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|Eurosceptic
  −
|1970s
  −
|someone who opposes joining the super-socialist [[European Union]]; some prefer the term "Eurorealist" to express this opposition, and sometimes "Eurosceptic" is used to criticize opponents of the EU
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|-
  −
|exceptional
  −
|1787
  −
|same year of origin as the [[U.S. Constitution]]!
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|-
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|exculpatory
  −
|1781
  −
|often used in the phrase "exculpatory evidence," it took nearly 50 years to develop this term after origination of the legal term suggesting guilt: "incriminate"
  −
|-
  −
|faith healing
  −
|1885
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|[[falsifiability]]
  −
|1934
  −
|first emphasized by Karl Popper in 1934, this helps define science:  if a proposition is false, then it can be shown to be false.  If not, then the proposition is not scientific.
  −
|-
  −
|[[family values]]
  −
|1916
  −
|widespread use after a speech by Vice President [[Dan Quayle]], 1992
  −
|-
  −
|father figure
  −
|1934
  −
|someone who fulfills the essential role of a father
  −
|-
  −
|[[federalism]]
  −
|1789
  −
|the unique system of dual sovereigns, state and federal (national), established by the [[U.S. Constitution]]
  −
|-
  −
|feedback
  −
|1920
  −
|an all-important element of accountability and improvement, and a key consideration in good engineering design
  −
|-
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|[[fellow traveller]]
  −
|1925
  −
|may have existed earlier, but popularized in 1924 by Leon Trotsky. Describes a sympathizer of a cause but who does not formally belong to the cause, such as a [[communist]] sympathizer who is not part of the communist party. The term was invented by the communists in its original, non-negative sense, but the conservatives were the first to use it as a pejorative term.
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|-
  −
|[[Flip flop (politics)|flip-flop]]
  −
|1976
  −
|''verb'', meaning to change political position, typically due to [[liberal]] pressure.  First used by the Republican S.I. Hayakawa campaign to describe California Democratic incumbent U.S. Senator John Tunney, whom Hayakawa defeated in an upset.
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|-
  −
|force-feed
  −
|1901
  −
|what liberals do to students in [[public schools]] today in training them to be [[atheist]]ic socialists
  −
|-
  −
|forward-looking
  −
|1800
  −
|planning for the future rather than dwelling on the past
  −
|-
  −
|[[free enterprise]]
  −
|1820
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|free market
  −
|1907
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|free world
  −
|1949
  −
|areas of the world free of communism
  −
|-
  −
|galvanize
  −
|1802
  −
|as in, "the liberal proposals ''galvanized'' the grassroots in opposition"
  −
|-
  −
|gang up
  −
|1925
  −
|group pressure
  −
|-
  −
|gateway drug
  −
|1982
  −
|abuse of alcohol/marijuana eventually leads to harder drugs cocaine/heroin
  −
|-
  −
|gerrymandering
  −
|1812
  −
|coined by a newspaper editor to criticize the manipulation of the lines of a new district into a salamander shape<ref>http://www.allbusiness.com/information/publishing-industries/251259-1.html</ref> that favored election of a liberal politician
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|-
  −
|globalism
  −
|1997
  −
|MW states it was first used in 1943<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/globalism</ref> and the OED gives a date of 1965 for the exact term 'globalism'<ref>http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50095613/50095613se2?single=1&query_type=word&queryword=globalism&first=1&max_to_show=10&hilite=50095613se2</ref> the term "globalization" was first used in the mid-1980s in a different, complimentary sense.
  −
|-
  −
|godsend
  −
|1820
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|go-getter
  −
|1921
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|gold standard
  −
|1831
  −
|the highest standard; in currency, when money could be exchanged for a fixed amount of gold
  −
|-
  −
|Good Samaritan
  −
|1640
  −
|how genuine charity is the best approach
  −
|-
  −
|goon
  −
|1926
  −
|a dim-witted thug, espec. one who intimidates on behalf of a union
  −
|-
  −
|[[grade inflation]]
  −
|1975
  −
|the tendency by Liberal educationalists and public schools to increase marks, irrespective of merit or actual achievement.
  −
|-
  −
|[[grassroots]]
  −
|1901
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|Great Awakening
  −
|1730-1740
  −
|Christian spiritualism recurs periodically.  See [[Essay:The Coming Fifth Great Awakening in America]].
  −
|-
  −
|Gresham's law
  −
|1858
  −
|the tendency in a free market for bad money (which loses its value) to drive out (be used more often in transactions) than good money (which retains its value), because people want to horde the good money while getting rid of the bad money; a similar effect can be seen when profanity drives out intelligent discussion
  −
|-
  −
|groupthink
  −
|1952
  −
|a style of thought consisting of conformity to a manufactured consensus and self-deception; coined by William H. Whyte in 1952.
  −
|-
  −
|hallmark
  −
|1721
  −
|purity, authentic, official seal, distinguishing feature
  −
|-
  −
|hardworking
  −
|1774
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|harmless error
  −
|1861
  −
|an insignificant violation of a duty or procedural rule; first used in ''Western Ins. Co. v. The Goody Friends'', 29 F. Cas. 764 (S.D. Ohio 1861) (referring to a duty)
  −
|-
  −
|hatchet job
  −
|1944
  −
|still looking for the context of its first use; today it means an article, typically by a liberal, that misleadingly smears someone, typically a conservative
  −
|-
  −
|Hawthorne effect
  −
|1962
  −
|the increase in achievement resulting merely from being observed; this was demonstrated by experiment at the Hawthorne Works of Western Electric in Cicero, Illinois
  −
|-
  −
|heckler's veto
  −
|1965
  −
|coined by University of Chicago Law Professor Harvey Kalven, Jr., a strong supporter of free speech in politics, this term has been used in [[Supreme Court]] decisions by Justices [[Sam Alito]],<ref>''See'' ''Pleasant Grove City v. Summum'', 129 S. Ct. 1125 (2009); ''see also'' ''Child Evangelism Fellowship of N.J., Inc. v. Stafford Twp. Sch. Dist.'', 386 F.3d 514 (3rd Cir. 2004).</ref> [[Antonin Scalia]], and [[Clarence Thomas]].<ref>''Good News Club v. Milford Cent. Sch.'', 533 U.S. 98 (2001)</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|Hobson's choice
  −
|1649<ref>this term has the entertaining history of originating with an English liveryman who required customers to "choose" the horse closest to the door.</ref>
  −
|an ostensible choice that disguises a lack of freedom, because each alternative is completely unacceptable.  This term is invoked to criticize an illusory freedom of choice.  This term has been used in 48 cases by Supreme Court Justices, more often by conservatives than by liberals.
  −
|-
  −
|honor system
  −
|1903
  −
|an approach to discipline that emphasizes and encourages trust, honesty and personal responsibility rather than constant supervision
  −
|-
  −
|[[homeschool]]
  −
|1980<ref>the OED assigns a date of origin of 1850 to "homeschool".</ref>
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|[[homosexual agenda]]
  −
|1989
  −
|used to promote the agenda in the book ''After the Ball'', but then used to criticize the movement by Justice [[Antonin Scalia]] in his dissent in''Lawrence v. Texas'' (2003)''
  −
|-
  −
|human rights
  −
|1766
  −
|rights of all peoples, such as to "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness" as set forth in the [[Declaration of Independence]]
  −
|-
  −
|hypothesis
  −
|1656
  −
|a suggestion, typically scientific in nature, which must be tested and proven before asserted as truth
  −
|-
  −
|hysteria
  −
|1801
  −
|From the Latin ''hystericus'', from Greek ''hystera '' meaning ''"womb"''<ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hysteria Meriam Webster Dictionary]</ref> (an old notion that hysteria was caused by the [[womb]]).
  −
|-
  −
|identity politics
  −
|1988
  −
|exploiting politics for racial, ethnic, gender equality.
  −
|-
  −
|illiteracy
  −
|1660
  −
|liberals seek to produce illiterate voters who lack independence, and many graduates of the [[public schools]] are illiterate today
  −
|-
  −
|incidental inequality
  −
|2009
  −
|inequalities that result as side effects of an objectively just system
  −
|-
  −
|incoherent
  −
|1626
  −
|the term often applies to liberal [[double standard]]s
  −
|-
  −
|incompleteness
  −
|1931
  −
|a system of logic or mathematics that includes propositions that are impossible to prove or disprove; term coined as a result of [[Kurt Godel]]'s work in 1931
  −
|-
  −
|incrementalism
  −
|1966
  −
|imposing bad political or social change slowly
  −
|-
  −
|independence
  −
|1640
  −
|free will
  −
|-
  −
|individualism
  −
|1827
  −
|values, rights and duties arise from the individual
  −
|-
  −
|inflationary
  −
|1920
  −
|policies causing inflation of the monetary supply
  −
|-
  −
|informed consent
  −
|1967
  −
|consent to surgery is meaningful only if informed, a requirement that should apply to abortion
  −
|-
  −
|initiative
  −
|1793
  −
|self-starting first step toward improvement
  −
|-
  −
|insightful
  −
|1907
  −
|what conservatism is about: gaining insights into the truth, and bettering individuals and society with them
  −
|-
  −
|intangible
  −
|1914
  −
|something valuable that cannot be seen or touched, such as goodwill
  −
|-
  −
|intellectual property
  −
|1845
  −
|"we [should] protect intellectual property, the labors of the mind, productions and interests as much a man's own, and as much the fruit of his honest industry, as the wheat he cultivates, or the flocks he rears."  ''Davoll v. Brown'', 7 F. Cas. 197 (Cir. Ct. Mass. 1845) (Woodbury, federal judge).
  −
|-
  −
|interventionism
  −
|1923
  −
|"governmental interference in economic affairs at home or in political affairs of another country"<ref>Merriam-Webster (1994).</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|invisible hand
  −
|1776
  −
|coined by Adam Smith in the ''Wealth of Nations'' and widely used today.
  −
|-
  −
|[[invisible hand of marriage]]
  −
|2008
  −
|discovered on Conservapedia, it is the unseen force of productivity that results from marriage (only between a man and woman).
  −
|-
  −
|Iron curtain
  −
|1945
  −
|coined by Winston Churchill in a speech in Missouri just after World War II, to describe the communist's figurative wall against freedom
  −
|-
  −
|ivory tower
  −
|1910
  −
|a description of the pampered culture of liberal [[professor values|professors]], and how far out of touch with the truth it is
  −
|-
  −
|John Hancock
  −
|1903
  −
|a personal signature, especially in a bold style that stands up for principles as John Hancock did with his signing the Declaration of Independence
  −
|-
  −
|[[judicial activism]]
  −
|1947
  −
|first coined in an article in ''Fortune'' magazine by Arthur Schlesinger, Jr.,<ref>http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/278089</ref> and repeatedly used in U.S. Supreme Court opinions since 1967,<ref>''United States v. Wade'',
  −
388 U.S. 218 (1967).</ref> yet as of 2009 [[Merriam-Webster]] dictionary still fails to recognize this widely used term.
  −
|-
  −
|judicial prejudice
  −
|2009
  −
|the bias of a judge in favor of a political correct identity group intended to rig outcome equality in favor of that group based on subjective bias rather than objective justice.
  −
|-
  −
|judicial restraint
  −
|1942
  −
|"Assuming that this court has power to act, it does not necessarily follow that it should act. ... In a number of situations, and in a number of cases, it has been held that courts should voluntarily refrain from using or asserting power. Where the use or assertion of power might be destructive of a well defined purpose of law or of a declared public policy such voluntarily imposed '''judicial restraint''' may be commendable."<ref>Osage Tribe of Indians v. Ickes, 45 F. Supp. 179, 184-85 (D.D.C. 1942) (emphasis added).</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|judicial supremacist
  −
|2004
  −
|one who advocates that the courts should be supreme over the other branches of government for certain legal issues; first coined in a book by [[Phyllis Schlafly]]; first used by the judiciary by the Michigan Supreme Court in ''Paige v. City of Sterling Heights'', 476 Mich. 495 (2006).<ref>A similar yet different concept, "judicial supremacy," was coined by [[conservative]] Supreme Court Justice [[Robert H. Jackson]] as the title of his book,'' The Struggle for Judicial Supremacy: A Study of a Crisis in American Political Power'' (New York: Knopf, 1941).</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|[[judicial taking]]
  −
|1982
  −
|the deprivation of private property due to a court decision; this concept was introduced by conservative Justice [[Potter Stewart]] in 1967, and the term was used for the first time independently by the Michigan and Hawaii Supreme Courts in the same month (!) in December 1982, and then used often in law review articles and Circuit Court decisions in the 2000s, and then four Justices of the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] endorsed the principle in a decision in 2010, with two others accepting the possibility.
  −
|-
  −
|[[junk science]]
  −
|1962<ref>http://rated.com/dir/Society/Issues/Environment/Opposing_Views/Junk_Science</ref>
  −
|the corruption of the scientific method to advance other, often political, goals
  −
|-
  −
|jury nullification
  −
|1948
  −
|the power of a jury to overrule the law and acquit an ostensibly guilty defendant; the power was established in the colonies in 1735 in the trial of [[John Peter Zenger]], but this term was first used in state court by Pfeuffer v. Haas, 55 S.W.2d 111 (Tex. Civ. App. 1932) and in federal court by ''Skidmore v. Baltimore & O. R. Co.'', 167 F.2d 54 (2nd Cir. 1948)
  −
|-
  −
|kiss of death
  −
|1943
  −
|from Judas's betrayal of Jesus with a kiss, Mark 14:44-4
  −
|-
  −
|kowtow
  −
|1826
  −
|obsequious, unthinking obedience to someone or something, used especially in the context of dictatorships and liberal belief systems
  −
|-
  −
|Kremlinology
  −
|1958
  −
|the study of the otherwise indecipherable behavior of the government of the [[communist]] [[Soviet Union]]. Refers to the Kremlin, the traditional seat of Russian government (Soviet or not).
  −
|-
  −
|labor camp
  −
|1900
  −
|forced work prison
  −
|-
  −
|laissez-faire
  −
|1825
  −
|opposing governmental interference in economic affairs beyond what is minimally necessary
  −
|-
  −
|lame duck
  −
|1761
  −
|one falling being in achievement, especially a public official whose power is limited because his term in office is set to expire without possibility of reelection.
  −
|-
  −
|lamestream media
  −
|2009
  −
|coined by Bernie Goldberg to describe the clueless [[Mainstream media]] that repeat superficial, discredited liberal claptrap
  −
|-
  −
|landslide
  −
|1838
  −
|In the political sense, an overwhelming election victory. A clear, democratic expression of popular will.
  −
|-
  −
|leadership
  −
|1821
  −
|an ability and willingness to lead, often by example
  −
|-
  −
|leftism
  −
|1920
  −
|principles and doctrine of leftists
  −
|-
  −
|leverage
  −
|1830
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|life vest
  −
|1939
  −
|a pro-life invention
  −
|-
  −
|local
  −
|1824<ref>This date refers to its first usage as a ''noun'', which is an estimate of its adoption as a concept.</ref>
  −
|common usage: "all politics is local"
  −
|-
  −
|locomotive
  −
|1829
  −
|a great engine of economic growth during the [[Industrial Revolution]]
  −
|-
  −
|lone wolf
  −
|1909
  −
|a person who prefers to work, act, or live alone. <ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lone%20wolf Lone wolf, Merriam-Webster]</ref> synonymous with self-sufficiency
  −
|-
  −
|loose cannon
  −
|1973
  −
|an undisciplined person or program that dangerously lacks forethought; used in mid-November 1976 to describe $11 billion in unspent appropriations by the Ford Administration:  "'That money,' says Arnold Packer, a senior Senate Budget Committee economist who is helping Carter draw up his shadow budget, 'is like a loose cannon rolling around the deck' because a sudden reappearance of the funds could be inflationary." (''BusinessWeek'')
  −
|-
  −
|lunatic fringe
  −
|1913
  −
|coined by U.S. President [[Theodore Roosevelt]] to describe members of eccentric, radical or extremist groups<ref> http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=lunatic</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|man-hater
  −
|1970s<ref>This was during the epic struggle -- and defeat -- of the so-called [[Equal Rights Amendment]].</ref>
  −
|William Safire wrote in the ''New York Times'' in 1983, "Misandry, from the Greek misandros for 'hating men,' is in the 1961 Merriam-Webster New International Dictionary, and the Oxford Dictionary Supplement traces it to 1946.  The word is pronounced as 'Ms. Andry,' but I wonder why we need the Greek word for it. What's wrong with good, old-fashioned man-hater?"<ref>Sunday, Oct. 30, 1983, Section 6, Page 12, Column 3.</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|make-work
  −
|1923
  −
|inefficient or useless activity that has the false appearance of being productive; a favorite endeavor of liberals
  −
|-
  −
|manifest destiny
  −
|1845
  −
|Providential design over future events, which originated in the context of expanding the United States to the Pacific Ocean
  −
|-
  −
|materialism
  −
|1748
  −
|the view of life that physical matter is all that exists; as an "ism", the term criticizes such view
  −
|-
  −
|melting pot
  −
|1912
  −
|requires "social and cultural assimilation" for successful immigration<ref>Merriam-Webster dictionary (1994)</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|[[meritocracy]]
  −
|1958
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|[[microeconomics]]
  −
|1947
  −
|the study of the economics of the individual person or business
  −
|-
  −
|mindset
  −
|1926
  −
|close-minded point-of-view, typically in adherence to a liberal falsehood and often to the exclusion of Christ
  −
|-
  −
|missile defense
  −
|1980s
  −
|popularized by President Ronald Reagan as part of [[SDI]]
  −
|-
  −
|missionary
  −
|1625
  −
|someone sent on a mission, typically a religious mission
  −
|-
  −
|mobocracy
  −
|1754
  −
|rule by a mob, as at Wikipedia
  −
|-
  −
|monogamy
  −
|1612
  −
|this has the same date of origin as "productive", and that may not be a coincidence!
  −
|-
  −
|motivation
  −
|1873
  −
|can you believe the word did not exist before 1873?!
  −
|-
  −
|muckety–muck
  −
|1912
  −
|a pejorative term for an arrogant person who holds a title or position considered to be important by others
  −
|-
  −
|Murphy's Law
  −
|1958
  −
|if something can go wrong, then it will go wrong: this was a conservative insight by an engineer Edward Murphy
  −
|-
  −
|muscle car
  −
|1967
  −
|placing a powerful engine in a classic two-door car for highly efficient performance; also celebrate masculine style against erosion by feminism
  −
|-
  −
|myopic
  −
|1752
  −
|originally a term in optometry, 1990's used to describe liberals' lack of foresight
  −
|-
  −
|nanny state
  −
|1978
  −
|"Under the New Economic Policy, [the new French Prime Minister Raymond] Barre has made it clear that industrial lame ducks can no longer count on the generosity of Nanny i.e. the state - for bailing out."<ref>Leo Ryan, "Economy Shored up: France's new surge of liberalism," The Globe and Mail (Canada) (Aug. 1, 1978)</ref>  Note how two powerful new conservative terms led to a third here!
  −
|-
  −
|negativism
  −
|1824
  −
|mental attitude that tends that is skeptical about almost everything, except one's own views
  −
|-
  −
|newspeak
  −
|1949
  −
|political or media expressions using circumlocution and euphemisms to disguise or distract from the truth; first coined by [[George Orwell]] in ''[[1984]]''
  −
|-
  −
|non-justiciable
  −
|1922<ref>Used by the state attorneys for West Virginia (including Philip Steptoe, founder of Steptoe & Johnson) in ''Pennsylvania v. West Virginia'', 262 U.S. 553 (1923):  "It is not the 'subject of judicial cognizance,' Hans v. Louisiana, 134 U.S. 1, 15; Louisiana v. Texas, 176 U.S 1, 15; Missouri v. Illinois, 180 U.S. 208, 233, or 'susceptible of judicial solution.' Louisiana v. Texas, 176 U.S. 1, 18, 22; Missouri v. Illinois, 180 U.S. 208, 233, 234."</ref>
  −
|a difficult issue that the courts should not attempt to resolve, often because it is too political in nature
  −
|-
  −
|non-locality
  −
|1920s
  −
|[[action at a distance]] at the atomic level; even though proven, it is still opposed by those who believe in [[relativity]] and still not recognized by Merriam-Webster
  −
|-
  −
|Old Glory
  −
|1862
  −
|the ''United States of America'' flag, Stars & Stripes
  −
|-
  −
|one-size-fits-all
  −
|1996<ref>Was there an earlier conservative use?  Frank Zappa's album cover in the 1970s does not count!</ref>
  −
|Lee Wishing, director of communications for conservative [[Grove City College]], in criticism of how the government administers student loans: "Unfortunately, with government programs, it's one size fits all."<ref>http://www.eagleforum.org/educate/1996/dec96/er-dec96.html</ref>  The 2008 Republican platform states, "We reject a one-size-fits-all approach and support parental options, including home schooling, and local innovations such as schools or classes for boys only or for girls only and alternative and innovative school schedules."<ref>http://platform.gop.com/2008Platform.pdf</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|open-minded
  −
|1828
  −
|see [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness]]
  −
|-
  −
|[[opportunity cost]]
  −
|1911
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|optimism
  −
|1759
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|originalism
  −
|1985
  −
|taken from original intent, The belief that the United States Constitution should be interpreted in the way the authors originally intended it
  −
|-
  −
|Orwellian
  −
|1960s
  −
|terminology or style that advances the power of big government but is hurtful or nonsensical<ref>http://www.ntu.org/main/press.php?PressID=604</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|ostensibly
  −
|1765
  −
|having an outward appearance that may not reflect the underlying truth; good potential use is Luke 3:23 in describing Jesus as the son of Joseph
  −
|-
  −
|parenting
  −
|1958
  −
|children raising
  −
|-
  −
|Parkinson's Law
  −
|1955
  −
|how bureaucracies expand regardless of the productivity, and how inefficient work expands to fill the time available for its completion
  −
|-
  −
|[[patent troll]]
  −
|2001
  −
|a company that obtains or buys up patents for the sole purpose of asserting infringement claims, and without any intention of actually manufacturing the invention; the term was first coined by Peter Detkin, in-house counsel to Intel
  −
|-
  −
|patriotism
  −
|1726
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|Pavlovian
  −
|1926
  −
|a conditioned, automatic and unthinking response to a signal; it has been used twice by [[conservative]] Supreme Court Justices. "It is well established that this Court does not, or at least should not, respond in Pavlovian fashion to confessions of error by the [[Solicitor General]]."  ''De Marco v. United States'', 415 U.S. 449, 451 (1974) ([[Rehnquist]], J., dissenting); "'[[Incorporation doctrine|Incorporation]]' has become so Pavlovian that my Brother BLACK barely mentions the [[Fourteenth Amendment]] in the course of an 11-page opinion dealing with the procedural rule the State of [[Florida]] has adopted for cases tried in Florida courts under Florida's criminal laws." '' Williams v. Fla.'', 399 U.S. 78, 144 (1970) ([[Potter Stewart|Stewart]], J., dissenting and concurring).
  −
|-
  −
|perpetual war
  −
|1947
  −
|Coined by historian Charles A. Beard,<ref>Charles A. Beard is best known for interpreting the Constitution as being primarily motivated by economic interests.</ref> it has been used most recently by [[Ann Coulter]]
  −
|-
  −
|[[personhood]] <ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/personhood Personhood] Dictionary.com</ref>
  −
|1955
  −
|Inherent rights guaranteed to all human beings from the beginning of their biological development, including the pre-born, partially born. Also, the state or fact of being a person.
  −
|-
  −
|Philadelphia
  −
|1682
  −
|coined by [[William Penn]] and meaning "city of brotherly love," the concept captures the "[[best of the public]]" approach
  −
|-
  −
|[[phonics]]
  −
|1684
  −
|conservatives have long championed phonics to promote literacy, Bible-reading, and informed voters; liberals take the opposite position
  −
|-
  −
|phony
  −
|1900<ref>This surprisingly recent origin appears to be derived from a British confidence game.</ref>
  −
|needed to address [[liberal deceit]]
  −
|-
  −
|political machine
  −
|1905
  −
|a pejorative term for local and typically Democratic power structures that prevent outsiders from winning elections; first used by George Washington Plunkitt to criticize the Tammany Hall machine for which he served
  −
|-
  −
|[[politically correct]]
  −
|1983
  −
|This term originated among radicals at the [[University of Wisconsin-Madison]] to enforce radical orthodoxy, but immediately flipped in usage to become a term of mockery of radicals.<ref>For an early different usage of the word, see 1793 J. WILSON in U.S. Rep. (U.S. Supreme Court) 2 (1798) 462 Sentiments and expressions of this inaccurate kind prevail in our..language... ‘The United States’, instead of the ‘People of the United States’, is the toast given. This is not politically correct.</ref>  The term may have come from Chairman Mao in 1936.
  −
|-
  −
|politicize
  −
|1846
  −
|seeking political gain at the expense of truth or quality<ref>The Merriam-Webster definition (1994 ed.) is incomplete and unclear: "to give a political tone or character to"</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|potential
  −
|1817<ref>Usage here refers to "promise", not "possibility".</ref>
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|privatize
  −
|1940
  −
|to return a business or enterprise from state to private control; to de-nationalize.
  −
|-
  −
|proactive
  −
|1933
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|productive
  −
|1612
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|productivity
  −
|1810
  −
|the gap of about 200 years between the creation of "productive" and "productivity" is astounding
  −
|-
  −
|[[pro-life]]
  −
|1960
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|property right
  −
|1853
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|provocateur
  −
|1919
  −
|someone who spends more time causing unproductive conflicts rather than advancing knowledge, accomplishing legitimate goals, or helping anyone
  −
|-
  −
|quantify
  −
|1840
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|race card
  −
|1995<ref>This is the date of its widespread familiarity.</ref>
  −
|"Playing the race card" consists of relying on racial emotions or charges of racism in order to overcome the truth and logic in politics, legal proceedings, or otherwise; this term became familiar in the criticism of the defense and acquittal of O.J. Simpson for the murder of his ex-wife and her friend.
  −
|-
  −
|rapture
  −
|1629
  −
|spiritual ecstasy[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=rapture]
  −
|-
  −
|[[recidivism]]
  −
|1886
  −
|the tendency for people lacking in [[faith]] and determination to revert to prior patterns of harmful behavior, such as repeat criminal offenders
  −
|-
  −
|recuse
  −
|1949
  −
|self-removal by a decision-maker (especially a judge) because of possible bias with respect to the pending issue
  −
|-
  −
|red tape
  −
|1736
  −
|excessive bureaucracy and procedural complexity which frustrate meaningful activity and progress
  −
|-
  −
|[[relativism]]
  −
|1865
  −
|the view that ethical truths are not absolute, but depend on the person or group that holds them
  −
|-
  −
|[[responsibility]]
  −
|1737
  −
|1787 HAMILTON Federalist No. 63 II. 193 Responsibility in order to be reasonable must be limited to objects within the power of the responsible party.
  −
|-
  −
|reverse discrimination
  −
|1969
  −
|the use of quotas or affirmative action to use race or gender to discriminate against a better qualified person
  −
|-
  −
|revisionism
  −
|1903<ref>The first use of this term, now obscure, refers to a Marxist movement that preferred evolutionary rather than revolutionary change.</ref>
  −
|distortions of history to promote liberal bias
  −
|-
  −
|riot act
  −
|1715<ref>Its colloquial use, as in "read them the riot act," began in 1819.</ref>
  −
|the Riot Act was a law passed in England in 1715 to authorize officials to disperse riots
  −
|-
  −
|scapegoating
  −
|1943
  −
|a term criticizing how people, particularly liberals, deflect accountability and blame from themselves to others; inspired by Leviticus 16:8.
  −
|-
  −
|salutary neglect
  −
|1775
  −
|coined by the [[conservative]] [[Edmund Burke]] in his 1775 speech to the British [[House of Commons]] entitled "On Moving His Resolutions for Conciliation with the Colonies"<ref>http://www.archive.org/stream/burkesspeechonco00burkuoft/burkesspeechonco00burkuoft_djvu.txt</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|school choice
  −
|1980
  −
|popularized by Milton Friedman in his book, ''Free to Choose''
  −
|-
  −
|[[scientific fascism]]
  −
|2009
  −
|a coordinated effort by a group of scientists to enforce a certain point of view upon others.
  −
|-
  −
|Segway
  −
|2001
  −
|Dean Kamen's trademark spelling of "segue" for use of Yankee Ingenuity to improve efficiency, to refer to a form of battery-powered transportation.
  −
|-
  −
|[[self-defense]]
  −
|1651
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|self-destruct
  −
|1968
  −
|often the tragic result of liberal falsehoods
  −
|-
  −
|[[Discipline|self-discipline]]
  −
|1838
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|self-reliant
  −
|1848
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|separation of powers
  −
|1748
  −
|the fundamental insight underlying the [[U.S. Constitution]]
  −
|-
  −
|skullduggery
  −
|1867
  −
|underhanded or unscrupulous behavior
  −
|-
  −
|slippery slope
  −
|1900s
  −
|term has been widely used for decades to expose the fallacy of "it doesn't hurt to try"
  −
|-
  −
|smoke and mirrors
  −
|1979
  −
|something intended to disguise or draw attention away from an often embarrassing or unpleasant issue. <ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/netdict/smoke%20and%20mirrors Smoke and Mirrors, Merriam-Webster]</ref> Widely used during the 1990s to describe [[Bill Clinton]]'s political strategy.
  −
|-
  −
|smoking gun
  −
|1974
  −
|a law-and-order term, "smoking gun" was first used as figurative term in a reported judicial decision in ''Rodgers v. United States Steel Corp.'', 1975 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12775 (W.D. Pa. Apr. 20, 1975), and many literal uses of the term in court decisions before that!
  −
|-
  −
|[[socialist]]
  −
|1827
  −
|someone who advocates government control over the economy, and particularly state control of the means of production
  −
|-
  −
|social justice rhetoric
  −
|2009
  −
|Language and rhetorical ploys equating equality of outcome with justice.
  −
|-
  −
|spend-and-tax
  −
|2009<ref>http://blog.heritage.org/2009/03/02/morning-bell-the-obama-tax-and-spend-economy-is-here/</ref>
  −
|a variation on "tax-and-spend" (see below), "spend-and-tax" consists of spending the money first and then trying to justify raising taxes based on the deficit created by the spending
  −
|-
  −
|stalking horse
  −
|1788
  −
|a candidate or issue that serves to increase the chances that ''another'' will win, as in "antifederalists attempted to win elections by using 'the stalking horse of amendments.'"<ref>''Centinel'', 1788 (quoted in ''The Federalist party in Massachusetts to the year 1800'', By Anson Ely Morse).</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|[[statism]]
  −
|1919
  −
|advocates for centralized government and government ownership
  −
|-
  −
|straightforward
  −
|1806
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|straw man
  −
|1896
  −
|an imaginary argument or example set up for the purpose of easily knocking down, while distracting from valid arguments
  −
|-
  −
|Stupaked
  −
|2010
  −
|hurt by someone who reassured everyone he would do the right thing, but then switched at the last minute to do the opposite (refers especially to [[abortion betrayal]]s)<ref>Columnist Kathleen Parker is credited with first coining this term.</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|supply-side
  −
|1976
  −
|the economic theory that reducing taxes expands economic activity by encouraging greater earnings and investments; proven successful during the Reagan Administration in the 1980s
  −
|-
  −
|takeover
  −
|1917
  −
|as in the takeover of government by the communist revolution in that year
  −
|-
  −
|tax-and-spend
  −
|1937
  −
|not yet recognized by Merriam-Webster, it is included in dictionary.com and it means the liberal policy of raising taxes and increasing government spending
  −
|-
  −
|taxpayer
  −
|1816
  −
|the word highlights who is really paying for things
  −
|-
  −
|[[term limits]]
  −
|1861
  −
|can you believe this is not in the dictionary yet? Merriam-Webster omits it, but dictionary.com has it<ref>http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/term+limit</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|terrorism
  −
|1795
  −
|this was during the French Revolution
  −
|-
  −
|[[textualism]]
  −
|1952
  −
|first used by Justice [[Robert Jackson]] in his influential concurrence in ''[[Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer]]'', 343 U.S. 579 (1952), it now describes the legal philosophy of Justice [[Antonin Scalia]]
  −
|-
  −
|top-notch
  −
|1900
  −
|the highest quality, which requires respect for merit to recognize
  −
|-
  −
|[[totalitarianism]]
  −
|1926
  −
|term which identifies the similarities of fascist and communist regimes and ideologies and urges resistance
  −
|-
  −
|tour de force
  −
|1802
  −
|a feat of skill
  −
|-
  −
|trademark
  −
|1838
  −
|extends the concept of private property to the marks used by business
  −
|-
  −
|traditionalist
  −
|1856
  −
|"adherence to the doctrines or practices of a tradition...the beliefs of those opposed to modernism, liberalism, or radicalism"<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/traditionalist</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|[[transaction cost]]
  −
|1961
  −
|Economist [[Ronald Coase]] won a [[Nobel Prize]] for this.
  −
|-
  −
|[[transistor]]
  −
|1948
  −
|named by John R. Pierce and developed at the [[conservative]] [[Bell Labs]], this invention epitomized Yankee ingenuity; Pierce was a critic of claims of [[artificial intelligence]] and was the future developer of [[Telstar]], a precursor to the [[Strategic Defense Initiative]]
  −
|-
  −
|tree huggers
  −
|1970s
  −
|still not recognized by the dictionary, this term criticizes extreme environmentalists, but they proudly use the term also to describe what they literally do
  −
|-
  −
|trivia
  −
|1920
  −
|insignificant detail, which can sometimes obscure what is important and distract people from the Bible; liberal [[Wikipedia]] is filled with trivial junk
  −
|-
  −
|Trojan horse
  −
|1837
  −
|describes a type of liberal [[deceit]]:  subversion from within
  −
|-
  −
|trust but verify
  −
|1980s
  −
|popularized by President Ronald Reagan as the approach to use towards communist [[deceit]]
  −
|-
  −
|ugly duckling
  −
|1883
  −
|an unpromising appearance but often with great unseen potential
  −
|-
  −
|ultra vires
  −
|1793
  −
|beyond the authority, especially of a government or corporate official
  −
|-
  −
|unborn child
  −
|1791
  −
|the rights of the unborn child have been recognized in English law since the 1600s, but the specific term "unborn child" itself may have been first used by an attorney arguing before the New Jersey Supreme Court in ''Den v. Sparks'', 1 N.J.L. 67 (Sup. Ct. 1791)
  −
|-
  −
|underdog
  −
|1887
  −
|[[David]] v. [[Goliath]], [[Cinderella]], [[best of the public]], etc.
  −
|-
  −
|underemployed
  −
|1908
  −
|having less than full-time or suitable employment
  −
|-
  −
|vandalism
  −
|1798
  −
|malicious destruction of someone else's property
  −
|-
  −
|veracity
  −
|1623
  −
|devotion to truthfulness
  −
|-
  −
|vet
  −
|1904<ref>http://www.slate.com/id/2199254/?from=rss</ref>
  −
|a verb meaning to screen for flaws
  −
|-
  −
|[[victimization]]
  −
|1840
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|volunteer
  −
|1618
  −
|someone who freely offers to help
  −
|-
  −
|wannabe
  −
|1981
  −
|a word that criticizes liberal [[status worship]]
  −
|-
  −
|War on Terror
  −
|2001
  −
|no listing at Merriam-Webster February 2, 2009 Obama ends use of the conservative lexicon. <ref>[http://pewforum.org/news/display.php?NewsID=17455 Obama administration drops 'war on terror' phrase] Pew Forum, February 2, 2009</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|waterloo
  −
|1816
  −
|a final defeat or setback, coined merely one year after the [[English]] defeated [[Napoleon]] at the [[Battle of Waterloo]]; there has never been a "waterloo" for [[Christianity]] or [[conservatism]]
  −
|-
  −
|wildcatter
  −
|1883
  −
|a pro-energy term that describes someone who drills for oil in fields not known to have oil
  −
|-
  −
|word poverty
  −
|2001<ref>http://www.aft.org/pubs-reports/american_educator/summer2001/lang_gap_moats.html</ref>
  −
|popularized by President [[George W. Bush]]
  −
|-
  −
|work (physical sense)
  −
|1826
  −
|a physical measure<ref>force times distance</ref> of effort used to increase energy
  −
|-
  −
|work ethic
  −
|1951
  −
|a habit of working as a moral good
  −
|-
  −
|worldview
  −
|1858
  −
|a comprehensive way of looking at life and the world; sometimes used to criticize a liberal's irrational belief system
  −
|-
  −
|yellow journalism
  −
|1898
  −
|the practice, started by newspaper publishers Joseph Pulitzer and his rival William Randolph Hearst, of sensationalizing and biasing newspaper headlines and articles in order to influence public opinion
  −
|-
  −
|}
     −
__TOC__ <!--Do not remove this. We want to keep insights on the first screen of viewing-->
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
== Conservative Words Not Yet Recognized by the Dictionary ==
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
A thousand new words are developed in English each year. Here is a growing list of conservative concepts, each of which is not yet defined by a single word or two.
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
{| class="wikitable sortable"
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
−
|-
  −
!Not Yet Recognized Terms
  −
!Suggestions
  −
!Comments
  −
|-
  −
|pre-9/11 thinking
  −
|9/10 mindset
  −
|terror is jurisdiction of the courts
  −
|-
  −
|anti-family
  −
|tradition opposer, familiopathic
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|causing harm by spreading falsehoods
  −
|deceit
  −
|e.g., denying or concealing disease and infertility caused by promiscuity
  −
|-
  −
|cradle to grave <ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/spanish/from%20cradle%20to%20grave cradle to grave- no entry found] Merriam-Websters</ref>
  −
|sanctity of life, conception to natural death
  −
|pro-life stance, also can mean socialist entitlement programs
  −
|-
  −
|cut and run
  −
|surrender advocates
  −
|when the going gets tough, run away from the problem
  −
|-
  −
|[[deliberate ignorance]]
  −
|mind-locked, self-centered pride obscuring the truth
  −
|the term exists; the dictionary does not yet include it
  −
|-
  −
|denial that [[Hell]] exists
  −
|Hell-denier? Antinfernal? (Should be "antihadessic" so as not to mix Hellenate and Latinate roots)
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|[[abstinence denial|denier of the effectiveness of abstinence]]
  −
|abstinence-denier?
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|drive-by media
  −
|partisan slander
  −
|liberal mainstream media assault on the GOP or conservative principles, deceitful attacks for opposing viewpoints
  −
|-
  −
|easily amused by [[deceit]]
  −
|dolophile
  −
|from Greek/Latin root ''dolo-'' meaning guile, deceit, deception [http://www.wordinfo.info/words/index/info/view_unit/664]
  −
|-
  −
|family-friendly
  −
|wholesome
  −
|describes TV programming, websites, social events that are not offensive
  −
|-
  −
|Hatred of one's country, refusal to recognize the good elements of it, or unreasonably critical of it
  −
|misopatria, misopatrist
  −
|From Greek ''misein'', to hate, and Latin ''patria'', nation or homeland
  −
|-
  −
|heavenly body
  −
|celestial body
  −
|natural objects visible in the sky
  −
|-
  −
|hellbound
  −
|
  −
|recognized by over 1.3 million sites in a Google search and no substitute term is available, yet dictionaries refuse to recognize it
  −
|-
  −
|Hoax and Chains
  −
|[[Keynesian economics]]
  −
|a phonetic play on the rhetoric slogan of Hope and Change. Hope replaced by unemployment and Change represents obsessive tax burdens.
  −
|-
  −
|hoax plant
  −
|fake townhall, kkk teaparty
  −
|a term to describe a deceitful method of placing an operative that appears to be part of a group in order to push an agenda or to make a competing agenda look ridiculous.
  −
|-
  −
|[[Hollywood values]]
  −
|West Coast Hedonism
  −
|Over 800,000 results on Google, not yet recognized by Merriam-Webster
  −
|-
  −
|[[Illegal Alien|illegal alien]]
  −
|
  −
|widely used in court decisions and political discourse for years, Merriam-Webster still does not recognize it is as a term.
  −
|-
  −
|infotainment
  −
|tabloid news, dramacast
  −
|mainstream media presents drama fluff stories as news, e.g. 20/20 - Datelin
  −
|-
  −
|[[limited government]]
  −
|we the people democracy
  −
|first testament to this was the [[U.S. Constitution]], defining [[Reagan]]s presidency, can't be found in Merriam-Websters. <ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/limited%20government Limited government - Not found] Merriam-Webster's</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|[[limousine liberal]]
  −
|hypocrite
  −
|rich promoting causes which they themselves don't adhere to
  −
|-
  −
|merit pay
  −
|performance bonus
  −
|Doing your job better with perks as a reward. The typical liberal union teacher avoids merit pay at all costs, self before students.
  −
|-
  −
|[[militant gays]]
  −
|intimidating homosexual
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|modern idolatry
  −
|"media idolatry"; "money idolatry"; "celebrity idolatry"
  −
|idolatry conjures images of golden calves, and a modern version is needed
  −
|-
  −
|moral fabric
  −
|domestic tranquility
  −
|ethics and virtues united for the common good of all
  −
|-
  −
|morally bankrupt
  −
|[[atheism]], self-void 
  −
|ethically and spiritually challenged souls
  −
|-
  −
|opposite of [[global warming]]
  −
|regional warming
  −
|the North pole shrinks as the South pole increases
  −
|-
  −
|opposite of [[materialism]]
  −
|spiritualism and idealism have been its philosophical opposites, historically
  −
|[[dualism]] has been suggested, but it is not the ''opposite'' of [[materialism]]; "spiritualism" is not a common term and is the "opposite" of materialism
  −
|-
  −
|[[peer pressure]]
  −
|used in titles to professional journal articles as early as 1994
  −
|can you believe that isn't recognized by Merriam-Webster?
  −
|-
  −
|proven wrong, a refusal to admit it
  −
|mulism; heel-digger?
  −
|cf. mulish. This refusal is what promoted the [[Parable of the Good Samaritan]].
  −
|-
  −
|religious right
  −
|Christian conservatives
  −
|religion in America almost exclusively a conservative institution, no religious left term in existence.
  −
|-
  −
|reward failure
  −
|TARP
  −
|too big to fail, bailout bankrupt, mismanagement subsidized
  −
|-
  −
|rewrite history <ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/rewrite%20history  rewrite history not found, Merriam-Websters]</ref>
  −
|[[deceit]], mislead
  −
|Commonly used term describing liberal deceit to hide, defraud others about factual history.
  −
|-
  −
|rogue states
  −
|rogue nations
  −
|nations defying international law, only rogue is listed in Merriman-Websters
  −
|-
  −
|runaway jury
  −
|The term has existed for decades, but Merriam-Webster has not recognized it yet.
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|Rule of Law
  −
|
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|[[schlockumentary]]
  −
|propaganda film
  −
|documentary films based on falsehoods and half-truths
  −
|-
  −
|[[Second generation atheist|second-generation atheist]]
  −
|cradle atheist
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|selective outrage
  −
|partisan hypocrisy, bipolar
  −
|to be against something to further a cause and reject, stay silent, ignore or discount something similar.
  −
|-
  −
|smear merchant
  −
|serial slander
  −
|to constantly hurl degrading or false accusations against others
  −
|-
  −
|strict constructionism
  −
|
  −
|an important term for over 200 years to describe adherence to the text of the Constitution, Merriam-Webster still does not recognize it.
  −
|-
  −
|[[Conservative| Traditional Values]]
  −
| principles of Conservatism
  −
|much the same as family values but incorporating all aspects society; family, religion, self-sufficiency, the truth, hard work. Only listed in Merriam-Websters to describe what Nilihism is against.
  −
|-
  −
|true emergency
  −
|life support
  −
|meaning a high probability of serious injury or death to an individual or property. Emergency has been watered down, e.g. to be locked out of one's car.
  −
|-
  −
|Unaffected by, or impervious to, the media
  −
|mediaproof
  −
|cf. bulletproof. ''Once John became aware of the extent of [[liberal deceit]], he set about mediaproofing his mind''.
  −
|-
  −
|}
     −
== New Liberal Terms ==
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
New liberal words often have deceptive, or nonsensical, meanings.  Here are some new words created by liberals to combat [[conservatism]]:
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
{| class="wikitable sortable"
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
−
|-
  −
!New Term
  −
!Origin date
  −
!Comments
  −
|-
  −
|[[agnosticism|agnostic]]
  −
|1860
  −
|someone who claims to not know whether [[God]] exists but still lives like an [[atheist]]
  −
|-
  −
|[[atheism|atheist]]
  −
|1571
  −
|useful and often deceptive alternative name for an anti-Christian
  −
|-
  −
|[[Big Bang theory|big bang]]
  −
|1948
  −
|term invented by the leading [[British]] physicist Sir [[Fred Hoyle]] to ''mock'' this suggestion of how the universe was formed, but later accepted as a serious term rather than mockery;<ref>Compare this migration with that of "politically correct," which started out as a serious term but then adopted a sense of mockery</ref> it's liberal because it trivializes the beauty and the [[faith]] of the moment
  −
|-
  −
|bilingual education
  −
|1972
  −
|a euphemism describing a costly and hurtful program that hinders the learning of English by foreign-born children in American [[public school]]s, which hurts their future opportunities
  −
|-
  −
|[[carbon footprint]]
  −
|1999<ref>http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/carbon%20footprint</ref>
  −
|this term indicates an individual human's effect on the environment by production of carbon dioxide
  −
|-
  −
|chairperson
  −
|1971
  −
|even Alice Sturgis, the leading parliamentarian of the 20th century, rejected this cumbersome form of political correctness.
  −
|-
  −
|check-off
  −
|1911
  −
|automatic deduction of union dues by the employer from the employee's paycheck, so he has no choice
  −
|-
  −
|[[class warfare]]
  −
|
  −
|first entered the political lexicon primarily as an attack by liberals against conservatives. <ref>[http://www.spinsanity.org/columns/20030115.html The art of "class warfare"], Ben Fritz, Spinsanity.org, January 15, 2003</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|[[communism]]
  −
|1840
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|compassionate-care clinics
  −
|2008
  −
|a term describe pot-shops that dispense medical marijuana <ref>[http://money.cnn.com/2009/09/11/magazines/fortune/medical_marijuana_legalizing.fortune/?postversion=2009091116 How marijuana became legal, CNN, September 11, 2009]</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|compassion fatigue
  −
|1968
  −
|liberals, driven by materialistic self-interest, are likely to suffer from this.
  −
|-
  −
|[[condescension]]
  −
|1647
  −
|treating another person as though they are inferior
  −
|-
  −
|[[creationism]]
  −
|1880
  −
|like most "isms", creationism is a derogatory term coined preferred most by opponents of it.
  −
|-
  −
|[[Dark Ages]]
  −
|1730
  −
|a term coined in the so-called [[enlightenment]] to disparage the period between the fall of the [[Roman Empire]] and c.1000, when the Christian faith, and its learning and culture, spread across Europe.
  −
|-
  −
|[[Dead white males|dead white males]]
  −
|
  −
|a disparaging term used of significant figures from previous generations by those who wish to undermine [[Cultural Literacy|cultural literacy]]
  −
|-
  −
|deconstruction
  −
|1973
  −
|a style of interpretation of texts that looks beyond the plain meaning of the text in order to infer or accuse the writers of social bias
  −
|-
  −
|diva
  −
|1883
  −
|modern use to describe female Hollywood/media personalities
  −
|-
  −
|[[Détente|detente]]
  −
|1970s
  −
|a euphemism referring to pacifist policy re. the Soviet Union
  −
|-
  −
|distributive justice
  −
|
  −
|a term used to redefine socialist abridgment of rights as "just"
  −
|-
  −
|[[enlightenment]]
  −
|1669
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|[[Environmentalist|environmentalism]]
  −
|1922
  −
|a mixture of [[pseudoscience]] and neo-[[paganism]] used to justify the imposition of [[socialist]]ic controls.
  −
|-
  −
|[[exclusionary rule]]
  −
|1964
  −
|an invented rule that requires censoring and withholding from the jury certain incriminating evidence about a criminal defendant, simply based on how the evidence was obtained.
  −
|-
  −
|[[family planning]]
  −
|1939
  −
|planning intended to determine the number and spacing of one's children through birth control <ref>[http://mw1.m-w.com/dictionary/family%20planning Family Planning, Merriam-Webster]</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|freethinker
  −
|1692
  −
|the euphemism "free" hides the hostility towards faith, which is not free
  −
|-
  −
|[[fundamentalism]]
  −
|1922
  −
|"a movement in 20th century Protestantism emphasizing the literally interpreted Bible as fundamental to Christian life and teaching"<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fundamentalism</ref> From a series of pamphlets called "The Fundamentals" which outlined the movement.  Perjorative usage started when the liberal [[Harry Emerson Fosdick]] began using the term in a straw man attack against [[Conservative Christianity]].
  −
|-
  −
|[[feminism]] 
  −
|1895 
  −
|notionally, "the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes"; in reality, the attempt to destroy traditional family, societal and religious values by erasing or undermining natural gender differences. 
  −
|-
  −
|[[gay rights]]
  −
|1969
  −
|the movement for civil rights for homosexuals
  −
|-
  −
|glass ceiling
  −
|1984
  −
|the notion that an invisible barrier prevents women and ethnic minorities from reaching high office; an excuse for [[feminist]]s and others to demand [[affirmative action]]
  −
|-
  −
|[[global warming]]
  −
|1969
  −
|the baseless [[environmentalist]] mantra that the earth's temperature is rising, and that human intervention is the cause.
  −
|-
  −
|[[goth]]
  −
|?
  −
|"a style of rock music, noted especially for somber or ethereal tones and lugubrious lyrics", or someone who performs or listens to this style of music.<ref>Dictionary.com, ''goth'' [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/goth]</ref>  Goths often "dress in black with heavy jewelry".<ref>Dictionary.com, ''goth rock'' [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/goth%20rock]</ref>  The term is taken from the name of "a Germanic people who invaded the Roman Empire in the early centuries of the Christian era".<ref>Dictionary.com, ''goth'' [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/goth]</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|gun control
  −
|1969
  −
|a euphemism for restricting the right to keep and bear arms
  −
|-
  −
|[[homophobia]]
  −
|1969
  −
|used by Liberals to describe a failure to subscribe 100% to the [[homosexual agenda]].
  −
|-
  −
|[[humanism]]
  −
|1808 <ref>http://newhumanist.org.uk/1740</ref>
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|[[imperialism]]
  −
|1851
  −
|a clever term later used by liberals to interfere with Christian missionaries and stopping anti-Christian tyranny
  −
|-
  −
|[[isolationism]]
  −
|1922
  −
|a pejorative term that is critical of American politicians putting America first in priorities
  −
|-
  −
|Keynesianism
  −
|1946
  −
|advocacy of 'tax and spend' policies as elaborated by the economist [[John Maynard Keynes]]; a [[euphemism]] for back-door [[Socialism]].
  −
|-
  −
|[[Living Constitution]]
  −
|2000
  −
|a continually evolving Constitution (first used by presidential candidate Al Gore, title of a 1936 book by Howard McBain)
  −
|-
  −
|main squeeze
  −
|1968
  −
|one's romantic partner, typically in an unmarried relationship
  −
|-
  −
|McCarthyism
  −
|1950
  −
|originally, investigations by Sen. Joe McCarthy of Communists working in sensitive USA government jobs. Later, it more broadly refers to holding radical leftists accountable for their beliefs and loyalties.
  −
|-
  −
|[[metrosexual]]
  −
|1994
  −
|fashion and glamour man
  −
|-
  −
|moderate
  −
|late 1900s
  −
|the original term dates from the French Revolution, but its meaning today is a euphemism for someone who favors abortion and/or supports censorship of Christianity in some ways.
  −
|-
  −
|[[moving the goalposts]]
  −
|late 1980s
  −
|a sports analogy designed to avoid answering a logical follow-up question; this is a favorite term of evolutionists to avoid addressing obvious deficiencies in their theory
  −
|-
  −
|nationalize
  −
|1800
  −
|a euphemism for the government taking over ownership and control of a large company or entire industry, as in socialism
  −
|-
  −
|natural selection
  −
|1857
  −
|a misleading and euphemistic term for the theory that genetic advantages and conflict dictate survival
  −
|-
  −
|[[Nihilism]]
  −
|1817
  −
|a rejection of the values system, independently anarchist from society norms.
  −
|-
  −
|[[population control]]
  −
|1968
  −
|the issue of population dates back to Confucius. Liberals promoted the term after the book The Population Bomb by Paul R. Ehrlich
  −
|-
  −
|[[pro-choice]]
  −
|1975
  −
|a euphemism for insisting on taxpayer-funded [[abortion]]; people who claim to be pro-choice typically oppose ''informed'' choice, which makes the "choice" meaningless
  −
|-
  −
|[[progressivism]]
  −
|1892
  −
|the progressive movement was not entirely liberal; it was started by a Republican and shared some goals with conservatives, and still does
  −
|-
  −
|[[psychoanalysis]]
  −
|1906
  −
|contributed to de-spiritualization of human beings
  −
|-
  −
|public option
  −
|2009
  −
|obfuscate rewording of government control
  −
|-
  −
|[[quote mining]]
  −
|non-existent
  −
|a term used by [[evolutionists]] to describe taking quotes out of context in order to damage the position of the quoted party.
  −
|-
  −
|reproductive health
  −
|1994 <ref>defined by the United Nations (UN) in 1994 at the Cairo International Conference</ref>
  −
|abortion supporters jargon for rights/justice for pregnant women, no rights/justice for the child.
  −
|-
  −
|[[Sexual Discrimination|sexism]]
  −
|1968
  −
|That which is practiced by those who do not give total support to [[feminism]].
  −
|-
  −
|shovel-ready <ref>[http://skylineviews.typepad.com/skyline_views/2009/04/is-it-time-to-add-shovelready-to-the-dictionary.html Is it time to add shovel-ready to the dictionary? Skyline Views, April 24, 2009]</ref>
  −
|2008
  −
|jobs and people ready to work if funded
  −
|-
  −
|situation ethics
  −
|1955
  −
|a euphemism for denying fixed ethical standards
  −
|-
  −
|stimulus packages
  −
|2009
  −
|used by government(s) to be perceived as taking unprecedented measures to stimulate aggregate economic demand; during a crisis on economic growth and private jobs, liberal government entities are known to deceptively take advantage of its subject in the form of "stimulus packages," as an opportunity to pursue policies that further social and environmental agendas.<ref>[http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/12/62/42555546.pdf For a stronger, cleaner, ''fairer'' world economy], ''Organisation For Economic Co-Operation and Development'' (OECD), 2010.</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|strict liability
  −
|1869
  −
|court-imposed liability even when there is no evidence of any fault by the defendant
  −
|-
  −
|sustainability
  −
|1727
  −
|[[environmentalism|environmentalist]] buzzword
  −
|-
  −
|Swift-Boating
  −
|2004
  −
|allegations of unfair campaign tactics.
  −
|-
  −
|transforming society
  −
|2008
  −
|Obama, Rahm and Axelrod use this term. It dates to [[Saul Alinsky]] and Chicago politics. <ref>[http://marklevinshow.com/sectional.asp?id=32930# Mark Levin Show, July 7, 2009]</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|transnationalist
  −
|2006
  −
|popularized by Yale Law School Dean Harold Koh in a 2006 law review article:  "The transnationalists view domestic courts as having a critical role to play in domesticating international law into U.S. law ...."<ref>Penn State Law Review (2006).</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|undocumented immigrant
  −
|2000
  −
|a [[politically correct]] replacement for illegal alien.
  −
|-
  −
|unfair
  −
|1700
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|union shop
  −
|1904
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|[[Unitarian]]
  −
|1687
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|will to power
  −
|1907
  −
|[[Nietzsche]]'s concept of the drive of a superman to perfect himself by exercising creative power; it didn't catch on
  −
|-
  −
|woman's rights
  −
|1833
  −
|women equal to men; the defining movement to justify aborting babies in the 20th century
  −
|-
  −
|}
     −
== Rate of Generation of Liberal Terms ==
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
The rate of generation of liberal terms is increasing, but not with the enduring value of the conservative terms and not with their geometric rate of increase. A remarkably high percentage of new liberal terms originated in the 1960s, suggesting that new liberal terms arise in a sporadic manner heavily influenced by culture:
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
{| class="wikitable sortable"
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
−
|-
  −
!Century
  −
!# New Liberal Terms
  −
|-
  −
|1600s
  −
|4
  −
|-
  −
|1700s
  −
|2
  −
|-
  −
|1800s
  −
|11
  −
|-
  −
|1900s
  −
|31 (9 in the 1960s)
  −
|-
  −
|2000s
  −
|5
  −
|-
  −
|}
     −
== Terms Difficult to Classify ==
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
These new terms are difficult to classify:
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
{| class="wikitable sortable"
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
−
|-
  −
!Term
  −
!Origin date
  −
!Comments
  −
|-
  −
|[[affirmative action|affirmative action]]
  −
|1961
  −
|first used in [http://www.thecre.com/fedlaw/legal6/eo10925.htm JFK's Executive Order 10925] in 1961 and subsequently promoted by [[LBJ]].
  −
|-
  −
|[[American exceptionalism]]
  −
|1980<ref>An estimate; it originated no later than 1983.</ref>
  −
|coined by sociologist Daniel Bell, its meaning today is unclear; it is used to urge exporting American-style elections to the rest of the world as urged especially by [[neoconservatives]].
  −
|-
  −
|Americanism
  −
|1781
  −
|Originally, a phrase unique to American English, later, loyalty to America and its principles
  −
|-
  −
|bipartisan
  −
|1909
  −
|emphasized by liberals when they are in the minority in power, but ignored by liberals when they are the majority in power
  −
|-
  −
|colonist
  −
|1701
  −
|settlers of a new country
  −
|-
  −
|compartmentalize
  −
|1925
  −
|compartmentalizing the Bible away from knowledge and education leads to ignorance and despair
  −
|-
  −
|eclectic
  −
|1683
  −
|taking the best from among different styles or ideas; compare [[best of the public]]
  −
|-
  −
|evangelism
  −
|1620-30
  −
|"isms" are usually pejorative, though this acquired a positive meaning over time, and perhaps from the outset
  −
|-
  −
|genetics
  −
|1905
  −
|perhaps this should be on the conservative list?
  −
|-
  −
|inane
  −
|1662
  −
|refers to comments, often made by liberals, that are utterly devoid of substance
  −
|-
  −
|junk legislation
  −
|1980s
  −
|used initially by liberals to complain about the lack of meaningful legislation
  −
|-
  −
|missionary
  −
|1635-1645
  −
|conservative?
  −
|- 
  −
|multitasking
  −
|1966
  −
|performing multiple tasks all at once
  −
|-
  −
|polar coordinates
  −
|1694
  −
|Newton may have used it earlier
  −
|-
  −
|republican
  −
|1685
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|scrooge
  −
|1843
  −
|the main character in Charles Dickens' ''A Christmas Carol''; the story is based on materialism and is often used as a substitute for the Biblical account, but charity is a conservative value
  −
|-
  −
|smoke and mirrors
  −
|1982
  −
|describes the use of deceit, particularly in politics; probably a conservative term, but will await more etymology about it
  −
|-
  −
|soapbox
  −
|1907
  −
|now used pejoratively, but probably not initially when it was a way for the public to participate
  −
|-
  −
|states' rights
  −
|1790
  −
|liberals often invoke this too; Democrats were its biggest champions in the 1800s (in connection with slavery), and even today on issues like legalizing drugs and same-sex marriage
  −
|-
  −
|technocrat
  −
|1932
  −
|technical expert
  −
|-
  −
|telecommute
  −
|1974<ref>The first use of this term was in the British magazine ''The Economist''.</ref>
  −
|a combination of a Greek root ("tele", which means "far off") and a Latin root ("commutare", which means "to exchange")
  −
|-
  −
|tomfoolery
  −
|1812
  −
|playful or foolish behavior
  −
|-
  −
|traditionalism
  −
|1856
  −
|"beliefs of those opposed to [[modernism]], [[liberalism]], or [[radicalism]]"
  −
|-
  −
|[[twilight zone]]
  −
|1949
  −
|the realm of imagination that seems impossible but is difficult to disprove, and which challenges ordinary views of reality; also the terminator between night and day on a planetary body
  −
|-
  −
|}
     −
== Downgraded Conservative Terms ==
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
These conservative terms are less significant:
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
{| class="wikitable sortable"
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
−
|-
  −
!Term
  −
!Origin date
  −
!Comments
  −
|-
  −
|byzantine
  −
|1794<ref>The usage here -- in sense of complex governmental rules -- probably developed later.</ref>
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|eleemosynary
  −
|1616
  −
|relating to charity
  −
|-
  −
|[[entropy]]
  −
|1868
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|[[filibuster]]
  −
|1851
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|incandescent
  −
|1794
  −
|bright and radiant, conquering darkness, precursor to the invention of the incandescent lamp (light bulb)
  −
|-
  −
|luddite
  −
|1811
  −
|one who opposes and even destroys technological advances
  −
|-
  −
|media
  −
|1923
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|[[milquetoast]]
  −
|1933
  −
|timid and unassertive; easily persuaded or exploited
  −
|-
  −
|normalcy
  −
|1920
  −
|related to the election of [[Warren G. Harding]] by the largest margin yet in history
  −
|-
  −
|ne'er-do-well
  −
|1736
  −
|"an idle worthless person" - Merriam-Webster
  −
|-
  −
|reticent
  −
|1834
  −
|restrained in expression, presentation, or appearance
  −
|-
  −
|self-indulgence
  −
|1753
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|smart aleck
  −
|1856
  −
|an obnoxiously conceited and self-assertive person with pretensions to being superior to others. Etymology: Aleck, nickname for Alexander <ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/smart%20alec Smart Aleck Merriam-Websters]</ref>
  −
|-
  −
|}
     −
== Sources ==
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
*[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ Merriam-Webster dictionary]
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
−
*[http://dictionary.reference.com/ Dictionary.com]
     −
== See also ==
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
   −
*[[Essay:Conservapedia's Law]]
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
−
*[[Essay:Surprising Dates of Origin for Terms]]
  −
*[[Linguistic Analysis of Candidates]]
  −
*[[Conservative Bible Project]]
     −
{{Conservatism}}
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
−
{{Conservapedia}}
     −
==References==
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
−
{{reflist|2}}
+
 
−
[[Category:Essays]]
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
−
[[Category:Conservative Bible]]
+
 
−
[[Category:Featured articles]]
+
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
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[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Negative image of the face of the Shroud; the photographic qualities of the Shroud were unknown until 1898.]]
 +
 
 +
[[image:Shroud of Turin face.jpg|r