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| | |[[Hammurabi]] | | |[[Hammurabi]] |
| | |King of Babylon who developed the Code of Hammurabi, which is based on the concept of an eye for an eye | | |King of Babylon who developed the Code of Hammurabi, which is based on the concept of an eye for an eye |
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| | + | |Han dynasty |
| | + | |202 B.C. - A.D. 220, this was the greatest of all the Chinese dynasties and was similar to the Roman empire in expanding territory, administering justice, and enjoying peace like the Pax Romana. The Han dynasty valued education highly, and created a scholar class of people known as "shi". |
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| | |[[Hannibal]] | | |[[Hannibal]] |
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| | |[[Homer]] | | |[[Homer]] |
| | |An early Greek poet, famous for lengthy sagas such as ''Iliad'' and ''The Odyssey''. | | |An early Greek poet, famous for lengthy sagas such as ''Iliad'' and ''The Odyssey''. |
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| | + | |[[Hsia dynasty]] |
| | + | |rulers in China up until 1766 B.C., when Emperor Chieh (the last in the dynasty) was overthrown |
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| | |[[Huns]] | | |[[Huns]] |
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| | |[[Karma]] | | |[[Karma]] |
| | |In Hinduism, everything a person has done. Determines status in the next life | | |In Hinduism, everything a person has done. Determines status in the next life |
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| − | |[[Kassites]]
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| − | |Eastern Tribe which controlled Babylon.
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| − | |[[Kautilya]]
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| − | |Advisor to Chaundragupta Maurya, wrote book
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| − | "Arthoshastra" on maintaining political power.
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| | |[[Latin]] | | |[[Latin]] |
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| | |[[Niccolo Machiavelli]] | | |[[Niccolo Machiavelli]] |
| − | |An Italian political theorist and author, known for his book ''The Prince'', which showed how a self-serving ruler will follow the policy that the "end justifies the means." | + | |An Italian political theorist and author, known for his book ''The Prince'', which showed how a self-serving ruler will cleverly maximize his own power, such that the "end justifies the means." |
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| − | |[[Magadha]]
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| − | |Led Aryans to join and try to repel the Persians.
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| | |[[Magna Carta]] | | |[[Magna Carta]] |
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| | |[[Nero]] | | |[[Nero]] |
| − | | One of the most irresponsible, cruelest emperors of Rome. Nero reigned from when he was sixteen years of age, until A.D. 69. | + | |One of the most irresponsible, cruelest emperors of Rome. Nero reigned from when he was sixteen years of age, until A.D. 69. |
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| | |[[Nicene Creed]] | | |[[Nicene Creed]] |
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| | |[[Peter]] | | |[[Peter]] |
| | |A disciple and apostle of Jesus, who taught in areas such as Jerusalem and Palestine | | |A disciple and apostle of Jesus, who taught in areas such as Jerusalem and Palestine |
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| − | |[[Petra]]
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| − | |Petra was an ancient city that lasted from some time in 6th century B.C. to 360 A.D. when an earthquake destroyed their water supply. The city is famous for its buildings carved in red sandstone and given the name the pink city. Also Indiana Jones was filmed there.
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| | |[[phalanx]] | | |[[phalanx]] |
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| | |Qin Shia Huandgi | | |Qin Shia Huandgi |
| − | |the first Chinese emperor he ruled from 221-210 B.C. He built new roads and made all of China use the same coin and weight system. He also made a standard form of writing so everyone would understand his decrees. | + | |the first Chinese emperor he ruled from 221-210 B.C. He built new roads and made all of China use the same coin and weight system. He also made a standard form of writing so everyone would understand his decrees. This Qin (or Chi'in) state Ch'in was the first unified Chinese empire. |
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| | |[[Ramses II]] | | |[[Ramses II]] |
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| | |[[Roman republic]] | | |[[Roman republic]] |
| − | |510-23 B.C.: The first republic in history, it was located in Rome and inspired some of the principles of the government of the United States. The Roman republic ended when Augustus Caesar took full power and established the Roman empire, two decades before the birth of Jesus. | + | |509-27 B.C.: The first republic in history, it was located in Rome and inspired some of the principles of the government of the United States. The Roman republic ended when Augustus Caesar took full power and established the Roman empire. |
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| | |[[Rome]] | | |[[Rome]] |
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| | |[[Shang Dynasty]] | | |[[Shang Dynasty]] |
| − | |First dynasty of China that lasted from 1766 B.C. to 1122 B.C. | + | |First major dynasty of China, which lasted from 1766 B.C. (when T'ang overthrew the [prior dynasty) to 1122 B.C. |
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| | |[[Siddhartha Gautama]] | | |[[Siddhartha Gautama]] |
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| | |Highest of Greek Gods, God of Thunder, supposedly father of the Gods. | | |Highest of Greek Gods, God of Thunder, supposedly father of the Gods. |
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| − | |[[Zhou dynasty]] | + | |[[Zhou dynasty]] (or Chou dynasty) |
| − | |771 to 221 B.C. Longest lasting Chinese dynasty. Confucius lived during it. | + | |1071 to 221 B.C., it was the longest lasting dynasty in China and included both Prince Zheng as a leader, and Confucius as the major philosopher. This dynasty benefited from the Iron Age. |
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| | |[[Ziggurat]] | | |[[Ziggurat]] |
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| | |[[Kassites]] | | |[[Kassites]] |
| | |Led by their king [[Agumkakrine]], they took advantage of the [[Hittite]] raid of 1595 B.C. and occupied the [[Babylonian]] region, where they ruled for over 400 years. | | |Led by their king [[Agumkakrine]], they took advantage of the [[Hittite]] raid of 1595 B.C. and occupied the [[Babylonian]] region, where they ruled for over 400 years. |
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| | + | |[[Kautilya]] |
| | + | |Advisor to Chaundragupta Maurya, wrote book |
| | + | "Arthoshastra" on maintaining political power. |
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| | |[[Khufu]] | | |[[Khufu]] |
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| | |[[Loess]] | | |[[Loess]] |
| | |d | | |d |
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| | + | |[[Magadha]] |
| | + | |Led Aryans to join and try to repel the Persians. |
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| | |[[Mahayana]] | | |[[Mahayana]] |
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| | |[[Mesolithic Age]] | | |[[Mesolithic Age]] |
| − | |Sometime before the beginning of recorded history in 3500 B.C., when humans changed from hunting and gathering food to producing food, as in planting and farming. | + | |Before the beginning of recorded history in 3500 B.C., when humans changed from hunting and gathering food to producing food, as in planting and farming. |
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| | |[[Minoan Civilization]] | | |[[Minoan Civilization]] |
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| | |[[Octavian]] | | |[[Octavian]] |
| | |Also known as Augustus Caesar (63 B.C. - A.D. 14) was the first Roman emperor. He was originally called Gaius Octavius Thurinus until he changed it after being adopted by Julius Caesar in 44 B.C. | | |Also known as Augustus Caesar (63 B.C. - A.D. 14) was the first Roman emperor. He was originally called Gaius Octavius Thurinus until he changed it after being adopted by Julius Caesar in 44 B.C. |
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| | |[[Odyssey]] | | |[[Odyssey]] |
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| | |[[Peru]] | | |[[Peru]] |
| | |Peru is a country in South America with a rich history. Once dominated by the Incas, Peru fell to the Spanish in the 16th Century. | | |Peru is a country in South America with a rich history. Once dominated by the Incas, Peru fell to the Spanish in the 16th Century. |
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| | + | |[[Petra]] |
| | + | |Petra was an ancient city that lasted from some time in 6th century B.C. to 360 A.D. when an earthquake destroyed their water supply. The city is famous for its buildings carved in red sandstone and given the name the pink city. Also Indiana Jones was filmed there. |
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| | |[[Philippides]] | | |[[Philippides]] |
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| | |[[plebian]] | | |[[plebian]] |
| − | |A Plebian was one of the lower classes in the early Roman world. It was composed of small farmers and shopkeepers, was comparable to that of commoner in Medieval Europe. This status was inherited in ancient Rome, although it was possible to ascend status by marriage, and in rare cases promotion. | + | |A Plebian was one of the lower classes in the early Roman world, such as small farmers and shopkeepers, similar to a commoner in Medieval Europe. This status was inherited in ancient Rome, though it could change through marriage or (rarely) promotion. |
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| | |[[Plutarch]] | | |[[Plutarch]] |