Difference between revisions of "A-7 Corsair II"

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[[Image:A-7e-dnst9206556 jpg-s.jpg|right|thumb|350 px|Two A-7E jets in flight.]]
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The '''A-7 Corsair II''' was a light bomber and attack aircraft used primarily by the Navy.  It was intended as a complement and eventually a replacement for the [[A-4 Skyhawk]], going into service in 1966. 
 
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==Design==
 
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The [[United States Navy|Navy]] wanted an aircraft with increased range and payload to replace the A-4. Several companies, including [[Grumman]], [[Douglas]], and North American tried for the contract, but eventually it was Vought who received the contract. 
 
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Vought built the aircraft in a remarkably short time, mostly because it was basically the same design as the [[F-8 Crusader]].  The first test aircraft (named after the World War II fighter) were delivered in 1964. 
 
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After a period of onshore testing, the A-7 was delivered to VA-147 on the ''[[USS Ranger]]'' in 1966.  The [[United States Air Force| Air Force]] also bought a more highly powered version for light ground support. 
 
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==Versions==
 
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===A-7B===
 
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The A-7Bs had the more powerful Pratt & Whitney TF30-P-8 engine, which provided 12,200 pounds of thrust.  These airplanes were the primary A-7 version in [[Vietnam]]. 
 
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===A-7C===
 
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The A-7Cs were modified to carry the 13,400 pounds of thrust [[Pratt & Whitney]] TF30-P-408 engine. 
 
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===A-7D===
 
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The A-7Ds were the first to carry the M61A-1 Vulcan cannon in the fuselage.  They also were equipped with laser-guided bombs. 
 
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===A-7E===
 
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The A-7Es had an Allison/Rolls-Royce engine which provided 15,000 pounds of thrust.  It also was equipped with [[forward looking infrared (FLIR)]] equipment which enabled it to fly at night. 
 
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==Service==
 
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===Vietnam===
 
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The A-7's combat debut came in [[Vietnam War|Vietnam]], where it was effective in attacks on North Vietnamese MiG bases and on the [[Ho Chi Minh Trail]] in [[Laos]]. The first A-7 squadron to be deployed to Vietnam was VA-147, based aboard the USS ''Ranger''; they flew over 1400 sorties, losing only one aircraft. 
 
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A-7's were effective in search and rescue missions, where they escorted [[helicopter]]s to the location of the downed aircraft; they replaced the [[A-1 Skyraider]] in this role. Air Force A-7D's flew nearly 13,000 missions in Vietnam, and the aircraft was second for the record for the most ordnance dropped on [[Hanoi]], after the [[B-52 Stratofortress]].
 
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One shining star on the career of the airplane came when six Navy A-7s with Mark 55 [[mine]]s, supported only by several [[F-4]]s and two [[EA-6 Prowler]]s, mined [[Haiphong]] [[Harbor]] in 1972.
 
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Despite doubts by some military leaders, the aircraft held its own against [[supersonic]] jets.  Only one Corsair was lost in air-to-air combat, to a [[MiG-21]] in May 1972.<ref>''MiG-21 Units of the Vietnam War'', by Istvan Toperczer, Osprey Publishing, 2001</ref>
 
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[[Image:A-7 wing.jpg|left|thumb|250 px|A flight of A-7s.]]
 
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===Lebanon===
 
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Corsairs saw combat again ten years later, in strikes on [[Syria]]n positions in [[Lebanon]] in December 1983.<ref>[http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_278.shtml Disaster in Lebanon]</ref>
 
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===Libya===
 
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A-7's also saw action against [[Libya]] in 1986; after Libyan air defense operators fired SA-5 [[surface-to-air missile]]s at a pair of [[F-14 Tomcat]]s, two A-7Es from the USS ''Saratoga'' attacked and destroyed the Libyan radar with [[AGM-88 HARM]]s. Later, Corsairs from the ''America'' participated in [[Operation El Dorado Canyon]], supporting the main strikes against [[Tripoli]] and [[Benghazi]] by suppressing SAM sites with [[AGM-45 Shrike]] and AGM-88 HARM missiles.<ref>''El Dorado Canyon: Reagan's Undeclared War with Qaddafi'', by Joseph T. Stanik, Naval Institute Press, 2003</ref>
 
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===Iran===
 
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The aircraft saw action against [[Iran]]ian targets in the [[Persian Gulf]] during [[Operation Praying Mantis]] in April 1988. A-7E's sank the Iranian frigate ''Sahand'' after the destroyer ''Samuel B. Roberts'' hit an Iranian mine.
 
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[[Image:Sahandburning.jpg|300 px|thumb|right|The ''Sahand'' burning after being hit by A-7's with [[Harpoon missile]]s and bombs.]]
 
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===First Gulf War===
 
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Navy A-7s were still effective in the first [[Gulf War]], using Walleye TV guided bombs, HARMs, and [[laser]] bombs to attack Iraqi targets.  Tanker A-7s also performed well. 
 
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===Retirement===
 
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By the second Gulf War, the A-7s had been retired.  The last mission of A-7s in active duty was the testing of anti-radar equipment for the [[F-117]].  The plane has been replaced in the Navy by the [[F-18 Hornet]] and in the Air Force, by the [[A-10]].
 
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==Operators==
 
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===Greece===
 
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[[Greece]] operates two A-7 squadrons, which have been much upgraded with superior [[avionics]] and arms capability, under the name of A-7H and A-7E. They are used for ground attack missions, although they also use some variants as training aircraft.
 
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===Portugal===
 
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[[Portugal]] ordered 20 A-7 airframes in 1980, and later purchased six training aircraft and 24 other A-7's. Corsair II's logged over 64,000 flight hours in the Portugese Navy before being retired in 1999.
 
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===Thailand===
 
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[[Thailand]] purchased fourteen A-7E's and four TA-7C's in 1995. They are currently operative but not operational.
 
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==Specifications==
 
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{| class="wikitable"
 
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|-
 
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| '''Type'''
 
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| Light attack aircraft
 
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|-
 
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| '''Contractor'''
 
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| Vought
 
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|-
 
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| '''Power plant'''
 
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| (A-7E) One Allison/Rolls-Royce TF41-A-2 with 15,000 pounds of thrust
 
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|-
 
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| '''Length'''
 
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| 46 feet
 
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|-
 
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| '''Height'''
 
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| 16 feet, 1 inches
 
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|-
 
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| '''Speed'''
 
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| 690 miles per hour without stores
 
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|-
 
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| '''Wingspan'''
 
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| 38 feet, 9 inches
 
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|-
 
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| '''Weight'''
 
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| 19,111 pounds empty
 
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|-
 
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| '''Crew'''
 
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| One
 
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|-
 
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|'''Range'''
 
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|Unrefueled 2,861 miles
 
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|-
 
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|'''Maximum Weight'''
 
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|42,000 pounds
 
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|-
 
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|'''Armament'''
 
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|Assorted stores up to 15,000 pounds, including Mark 55 mines, anti-radiation missiles, unguided bombs, TV guided bombs, and laser-guided bombs.  One Vulcan M61A-1 cannon in the fuselage.
 
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|}
 
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[[Image:A 7E Corsair II.JPG]]
 
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==External links==
 
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*[http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ac/a-7.htm A-7 at FAS]
 
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*[http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=116 A-7 at Militaryfactory.com]
 
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==References==
 
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<references/>
 
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[[Category:United States Navy aircraft]]
 
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[[Category:Military Aircraft]]
 

Revision as of 22:00, January 19, 2012

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