Changes

When the bourgeois<ref>"M. Doumic on Victor Hugo as a Bourgeois," Boston ''Transcript'' (reprinted in Theodore Stanton, "M. René Doumic," New York ''Evening Post'', March 24, 1898, as cited in [http://books.google.com/books?id=Y94aAAAAYAAJ ''Public Opinion'', Vol. XXIV, No. 12] (January-June, 1898), p. 374</ref> Victor Hugo, a cultural Catholic,<ref>John Andrew Frey, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=olFboDm4bcgC A Victor Hugo encyclopedia]'' (Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999) ISBN 0313298963, p. 222</ref> defended Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish officer scapegoated by the French army, the French socialist press published a manifesto denouncing Hugo's crusade on the grounds that Jewish capitalists would use the rehabilitation of a single Jew to wash out "all the sins of Israel."<ref>Joseph Telushkin, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=bIHtJzYCkqEC Jewish Literacy: The Most Important Things to Know About the Jewish Religion, Its People, and Its History]'' (HarperCollins, 2008) ISBN 0061374989, p. 275</ref>

When the bourgeois<ref>"M. Doumic on Victor Hugo as a Bourgeois," Boston ''Transcript'' (reprinted in Theodore Stanton, "M. René Doumic," New York ''Evening Post'', March 24, 1898, as cited in [http://books.google.com/books?id=Y94aAAAAYAAJ ''Public Opinion'', Vol. XXIV, No. 12] (January-June, 1898), p. 374</ref> Victor Hugo, a cultural Catholic,<ref>John Andrew Frey, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=olFboDm4bcgC A Victor Hugo encyclopedia]'' (Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999) ISBN 0313298963, p. 222</ref> defended Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish officer scapegoated by the French army, the French socialist press published a manifesto denouncing Hugo's crusade on the grounds that Jewish capitalists would use the rehabilitation of a single Jew to wash out "all the sins of Israel."<ref>Joseph Telushkin, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=bIHtJzYCkqEC Jewish Literacy: The Most Important Things to Know About the Jewish Religion, Its People, and Its History]'' (HarperCollins, 2008) ISBN 0061374989, p. 275</ref>

===Hobson===

===Fabian Society===

The Fabian J.A. Hobson blamed London poverty on "the foreign Jew," whom he described as "a terrible competitor. He is ... almost void of social morality. No compunction or consideration for his fellow-worker will keep him from underselling and overreaching them; he acquires a thorough mastery of all the dishonourable tricks of trade which are difficult to restrain by law; the superior calculating intellect, which is a national heritage, is used unsparingly to enable him to take advantage of every weakness, folly, and vice of the society in which he lives."<ref>John A. Hobson, ''[http://www.gutenberg.org/files/10710/10710-h/10710-h.htm Problems of Poverty: An Inquiry into the Industrial Condition of The Poor]'' (1891), Project Gutenberg</ref> "He craves the position of a sweating-master, the lowest step in a ladder that may lead to a life of magnificence, supported out of usury."<ref>Anthony Julius, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=BGkSLxDBNTgC Trials of the Diaspora: A History of Anti-Semitism in England]'' (Oxford University Press, 2010) ISBN 0199297053, p. 405</ref> In his 1898 book ''[http://www.econlib.org/library/YPDBooks/Hobson/hbsnImp.html Imperialism: A Study]'' -- which would profoundly influence Lenin's ''[http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1916/imp-hsc/ Imperialism, the Higherst Stage of Capialism]'' (1917) -- Hobson blamed the Boer War on "Jew power."<ref>Anthony Julius,  

Britain's Fabian Society (which "set up the banner of socialism militant")<ref>G. Bernard Shaw, "[http://walterschafer.com/fabiansocietyhistory.htm Fabian Tract No. 41: The Fabian Society, Its Early History]," (Fabian Society Reprint, 1899)</ref> hosted a number of anti-Semites, including Beatrice Webb, George Bernard Shaw, H.G. Wells, J.A. Hobson, and Oswald Mosley.

 

====Beatrice Webb====

Beatrice Webb, who played a crucial role in the founding of the Fabian Society, wrote that “the strongest impelling motive of the Jewish race” was “the love of ''profit'' as distinct from other forms of money-earning.” (Italics in original.)<ref>Beatrice Webb, “East London Labour,” ''[http://books.google.com/bookes?id=udcaAAAAYAAJ The Nineteenth Century]'', Vol. XXIV (July-December 1888), p. 176.</ref>

 

 

 

J.A. Hobson blamed London poverty on "the foreign Jew," whom he described as "a terrible competitor. He is ... almost void of social morality. No compunction or consideration for his fellow-worker will keep him from underselling and overreaching them; he acquires a thorough mastery of all the dishonourable tricks of trade which are difficult to restrain by law; the superior calculating intellect, which is a national heritage, is used unsparingly to enable him to take advantage of every weakness, folly, and vice of the society in which he lives."<ref>John A. Hobson, ''[http://www.gutenberg.org/files/10710/10710-h/10710-h.htm Problems of Poverty: An Inquiry into the Industrial Condition of The Poor]'' (1891), Project Gutenberg</ref> "He craves the position of a sweating-master, the lowest step in a ladder that may lead to a life of magnificence, supported out of usury."<ref>Anthony Julius, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=BGkSLxDBNTgC Trials of the Diaspora: A History of Anti-Semitism in England]'' (Oxford University Press, 2010) ISBN 0199297053, p. 405</ref> In his 1898 book ''[http://www.econlib.org/library/YPDBooks/Hobson/hbsnImp.html Imperialism: A Study]'' -- which would profoundly influence Lenin's ''[http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1916/imp-hsc/ Imperialism, the Higherst Stage of Capialism]'' (1917) -- Hobson blamed the Boer War on "Jew power."<ref>Anthony Julius,  

[http://books.google.com/books?id=BGkSLxDBNTgC Trials of the Diaspora: A History of Anti-Semitism in England] (Oxford University Press, 2010) ISBN 0199297053, pp. 201-202</ref> That war, he wrote, was fought for the benefit of "a small group of international financiers, chiefly German in origin and Jewish in race."<ref>Bryan Cheyette, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=HTdwPbE6KoIC Constructions of "the Jew" in English Literature and Society: Racial Representations, 1875-1945]'' (Cambridge University Press, 1995) ISBN 0521558778, p. 156</ref>

[http://books.google.com/books?id=BGkSLxDBNTgC Trials of the Diaspora: A History of Anti-Semitism in England] (Oxford University Press, 2010) ISBN 0199297053, pp. 201-202</ref> That war, he wrote, was fought for the benefit of "a small group of international financiers, chiefly German in origin and Jewish in race."<ref>Bryan Cheyette, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=HTdwPbE6KoIC Constructions of "the Jew" in English Literature and Society: Racial Representations, 1875-1945]'' (Cambridge University Press, 1995) ISBN 0521558778, p. 156</ref>

==Anti-capitalist anti-semitism in Germany==

==Anti-capitalist anti-semitism in Germany==