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Saint Alexander I was a Roman. He is said to have been a student of [[Pliny the Younger]], and a disciple of [[Plutarch]]. He was elected in 105, the sixth [[Pope]] and [[Bishop of Rome]], fifth successor to [[Saint Peter]], and immediate successor to [[Pope Evaristus|Saint Evaristus]].   

Saint Alexander I was a Roman. He is said to have been a student of [[Pliny the Younger]], and a disciple of [[Plutarch]]. He was elected in 105, the sixth [[Pope]] and [[Bishop of Rome]], fifth successor to [[Saint Peter]], and immediate successor to [[Pope Evaristus|Saint Evaristus]].   

Pope Saint Alexander I was the bishop of Rome for seven to ten years in the early second century from c. 107 to c. 115. According to Catholic tradition, the dates of his episcopacy are estimated from as early as 106-115 and as late as 109-119 C.E. The [[Holy See]]'s ''Annuario Pontificio'' (2012) identifies him as a Roman who reigned from 108 or 109 to 116 or 119. His years of service can only be approximated to be ca. 109-116 C.E. Little is known about Alexander’s rule, which is attested by [[Pope Eusebius|Pope St. Eusebius (309/310)]].

Pope Saint Alexander I was the bishop of Rome for seven to ten years in the early second century from c. 107 to c. 115. According to Catholic tradition, the dates of his episcopacy are estimated from as early as 106-115 and as late as 109-119 C.E. The [[Holy See]]'s ''Annuario Pontificio'' (2012) identifies him as a Roman who reigned from 108 or 109 to 116 or 119. His years of service can only be approximated to be ca. 109-116 C.E. Little is known about Alexander's rule, which is attested by [[Pope Eusebius|Pope St. Eusebius (309/310)]].

Pope Alexander is regarded as having done much to develop the administrative and liturgical traditions of the Church in its early years. Tradition holds that he converted the Roman governor Hermes and 1,500 members of his family, servants, and government officials to Christianity.

Pope Alexander is regarded as having done much to develop the administrative and liturgical traditions of the Church in its early years. Tradition holds that he converted the Roman governor Hermes and 1,500 members of his family, servants, and government officials to Christianity.

Early sixth-century writings (501-600) attribute Alexander with inserting the Scripturally-based, [[Last Supper]] [[narrative]] words of the Consecration now used in the Holy [[Eucharist]] or Holy [[Communion]] of the [[Mass (liturgy)|Catholic Mass]], and the prescription that [[Host (Communion)|hosts]] to be consecrated be made from unleavened bread of wheat flour and water only, a practice condemned by [[Orthodox Church|Byzantine Orthodoxy]] as a [[heresy]].

Early sixth-century writings (501–600) attribute Alexander with inserting the Scripturally-based, [[Last Supper]] [[narrative]] words of the Consecration now used in the Holy [[Eucharist]] or Holy [[Communion]] of the [[Mass (liturgy)|Catholic Mass]], and the prescription that [[Host (Communion)|hosts]] to be consecrated be made from unleavened bread of wheat flour and water only, a practice condemned by [[Orthodox Church|Byzantine Orthodoxy]] as a [[heresy]].

To him are attributed the institution of [[holy water]] in [[Church]]es and houses. Legend has it that he was the one who introduced the practice of using only holy water blessed by the pope and any other priest as a [[sacramental]] and the blessing of holy water and salt on a house to ward off evil influences, but much of this is now doubted by [[secular]] and Catholic [[scholar]]s alike.

To him are attributed the institution of [[holy water]] in [[Church]]es and houses. Legend has it that he was the one who introduced the practice of using only holy water blessed by the pope and any other priest as a [[sacramental]] and the blessing of holy water and salt on a house to ward off evil influences, but much of this is now doubted by [[secular]] and Catholic [[scholar]]s alike.

Little is known about Alexander, although legends say that he converted his jailer, St. Quirinus, and his daughter, St. Balbina by miraculous means. Some believe he suffered [[martyr]]dom under the Roman Emperor [[Trajan]] or [[Hadrian]], but this is now considered improbable. Pope Alexander I was the Bishop of Rome from c. 107 to his death c. 115 or 119. There is no certainty underlying the assertion that he probably died in Rome.

Little is known about Alexander, although legends say that he converted his jailer, St. Quirinus, and his daughter, St. Balbina by miraculous means. Some believe he suffered [[martyr]]dom under the Roman Emperor [[Trajan]] or [[Hadrian]], but this is now considered improbable. Pope Alexander I was the Bishop of Rome from c. 107 to his death c. 115 or 119. There is no certainty underlying the assertion that he probably died in Rome.

The tomb of three Christian martyrs, Alexander, Eventulus, and Theodulus buried along the Via Nomentana was discovered near Rome, at the spot where the above mentioned tradition declares the Pope to have been martyred. According to some [[Archaeology|archaeologists]], this Alexander is identical with the Pope, and thus this ancient and important tomb marks the actual site of the Pope's martyrdom; but it is now thought that Alexander I was a different Alexander, based on the speculation that he was probably mistakenly identified as one of the martyrs by the writer of ''Liber Pontificalis'' ("Book of Popes") or his source. His remains are said to have been transferred to Freising in [[Bavaria]], Germany in 834 C.E.

The tomb of three Christian martyrs, Alexander, Eventulus, and Theodulus buried along the Via Nomentana was discovered near Rome, at the spot where the above-mentioned tradition declares the Pope to have been martyred. According to some [[Archaeology|archaeologists]], this Alexander is identical with the Pope, and thus this ancient and important tomb marks the actual site of the Pope's martyrdom; but it is now thought that Alexander I was a different Alexander, based on the speculation that he was probably mistakenly identified as one of the martyrs by the writer of ''Liber Pontificalis'' ("Book of Popes") or his source. His remains are said to have been transferred to Freising in [[Bavaria]], Germany in 834 C.E.

Alexander's feast day is celebrated on May 3. However, from 1960, the Roman Calendar no longer lists him as a martyr, as the actual cause of his death cannot be historically confirmed.

Alexander's feast day is celebrated on May 3. However, from 1960, the Roman Calendar no longer lists him as a martyr, as the actual cause of his death cannot be historically confirmed.

;regarding the use of unleavened bread in the Eucharist see

;regarding the use of unleavened bread in the Eucharist see

[[Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 22-28#Twenty-seven|Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 22-28, Chapter Twenty-seven ''and marginal notes with external links'']]

[[Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 22-28#Twenty-seven|Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 22–28, Chapter Twenty-seven ''and marginal notes with external links'']]

[[Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 22-28#Twenty-eight|Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 22-28, Chapter Twenty-eight ''and marginal notes with external links'']]

[[Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 22-28#Twenty-eight|Harmony of the Gospel (Conservative Version) longer form Chapters 22–28, Chapter Twenty-eight ''and marginal notes with external links'']]

==References==

==References==

==External links==

==External links==

[https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Pope_Alexander_I Pope Alexander I - New World Encyclopedia (newworldencyclopedia.org)]

* [https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Pope_Alexander_I Pope Alexander I - New World Encyclopedia (newworldencyclopedia.org)]

 

* [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Alexander-I Saint Alexander I | pope | Britannica (britannica.com)]

[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Alexander-I Saint Alexander I | pope | Britannica (britannica.com)]

* [http://www.catholic365.com/article/2095/pope-alexander-i.html Pope Alexander I - Catholic365.com]  

 

* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01285c.htm CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope St. Alexander I (newadvent.org)]

[http://www.catholic365.com/article/2095/pope-alexander-i.html Pope Alexander I - Catholic365.com]  

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Alexander_I Pope Alexander I - Wikipedia]

 

* [https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Alexander_I Pope Alexander I - Simple English Wikipedia (simple.wikipedia.org)]

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01285c.htm CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope St. Alexander I (newadvent.org)]

* [https://wikivisually.com/wiki/Pope_Alexander_I Pope Alexander I - WikiVisually (wikivisually.com)]

 

* [https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=835 St. Alexander I - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online (catholic.org)]

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Alexander_I Pope Alexander I - Wikipedia]

 

[https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Alexander_I Pope Alexander I - Simple English Wikipedia (simple.wikipedia.org)]

 

[https://wikivisually.com/wiki/Pope_Alexander_I Pope Alexander I - WikiVisually (wikivisually.com)]

 

[https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=835 St. Alexander I - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online (catholic.org)]

[[Category:Christian History]]

[[Category:Christian History]]

[[Category:Bishops]]

[[Category:Bishops]]

[[category:Christianity]]

[[Category:Christianity]]

[[category:Catholic Church]]

[[Category:Catholic Church]]