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Macroevolution (view source)

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→‎Methods of Macroevolution: If neutral evolution doesn't cause any significant change, how can it be a "method of macroevolution"?

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:[[genetic drift]] - is the statistical effect that results from the influence that chance has on the survival of alleles.<ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/IIIDGeneticdrift.shtml</ref>

:[[sexual selection]] - is the hypothesis proposed by Charles Darwin that states that the frequency of traits can increase or decrease depending on the attractiveness of the bearer.<ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/IIIE3Sexualselection.shtml</ref>

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:[[neutral evolution]] - is the vast majority of molecular differences are selectively "neutral." The molecular changes represented by these differences do not influence the fitness of the individual organism. As a result, these genomic features are neither subject to, nor explicable by, natural selection.<ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/IIIE5bNeutraltheory.shtml</ref>

:[[allopatric speciation]] - is when a population splits into two geographically isolated allopatric populations then undergo genotypic and/or phenotypic divergence as they become subjected to dissimilar selective pressures or they independently undergo genetic drift.<ref>http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/S/Speciation.html</ref><ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/VC1bAllopatric.shtml</ref>

:[[peripatric speciation]] - is when new species are formed in isolated, small peripheral populations which are prevented from exchanging genes with the main population.<ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/VC1cPeripatric.shtml</ref>

Philip J. Rayment

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