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'''Halton Arp''' (1927-2013) was an American astronomer<ref>{{cite web |title=Big-bang-defying giant of astronomy passes away |author=John G. Hartnett |publisher=creation.com |date=31 December 2013 |url=http://creation.com/halton-arp-dies |accessdate=14 January 2014 |quote=Halton Arp passed away on Saturday morning 28th December 2013 in Munich, Germany.}}</ref>, the author of 1987 book ''"Quasars, redshifts and controversies"''

'''Halton Arp''' (1927-2013) was an American astronomer,<ref>{{cite web |title=Big-bang-defying giant of astronomy passes away |author=John G. Hartnett |publisher=creation.com |date=31 December 2013 |url=http://creation.com/halton-arp-dies |accessdate=14 January 2014 |quote=Halton Arp passed away on Saturday morning 28th December 2013 in Munich, Germany.}}</ref> the author of 1987 book ''"Quasars, redshifts and controversies"''

<ref>

<ref>

Arp, Halton, 1987, ''"Quasars, redshifts and controversies"'', Interstallar Media,2153 Russel Street, Berkeley, CA, ISBN 0-941325-00-8.

Arp, Halton, 1987, ''"Quasars, redshifts and controversies"'', Interstallar Media,2153 Russel Street, Berkeley, CA, ISBN 0-941325-00-8.

Narlikar, J. & Arp, H., 1993, ''"Flat spacetime cosmology - a unified framework for extragalactic redshifts"'', Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X) vol. 405, no. 1, The American Astronomical Society, p.51-56, Bibliographic code: 1993 ApJ...405...51N

Narlikar, J. & Arp, H., 1993, ''"Flat spacetime cosmology - a unified framework for extragalactic redshifts"'', Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X) vol. 405, no. 1, The American Astronomical Society, p.51-56, Bibliographic code: 1993 ApJ...405...51N

</ref> that proposed the idea of flat spacetime (also proposed by others)

</ref> that proposed the idea of flat spacetime (also proposed by others)

<ref>

.<ref>

See a detailed explanation of the mechanism of Einsteinian gravitation [[Gravitation demystified]]. It explains the Einsteinian gravitational force as ''inertial push'' at the quantum level in ''[[flat spacetime]]''.

See a detailed explanation of the mechanism of Einsteinian gravitation [[Gravitation demystified]]. It explains the Einsteinian gravitational force as ''inertial push'' at the quantum level in ''[[flat spacetime]]''.

</ref>.

</ref>

Arp's research contradicts the idea of expanding universe and confirms the idea that the universe is stationary as it was shown with relativistic physics and Newtonian math in 1985, when it was discovered that the [[Hubble constant]] of stationary universe is

Arp's research contradicts the idea of expanding universe and confirms the idea that the universe is stationary as it was shown with relativistic physics and Newtonian math in 1985, when it was discovered that the [[Hubble constant]] of stationary universe is

:<math>H_o=c/R_E=\sqrt{4\pi G\rho}</math>,

:<math>H_o=c/R_E=\sqrt{4\pi G\rho}</math>,

where <math>c</math> is speed of light in vacuum, <math>R_E</math> is radius of curvature of space (called ''"[[Einstein's radius]]"''), <math>G</math> is Newtonian gravitational constant, and <math>\rho</math> is density of space

where <math>c</math> is speed of light in vacuum, <math>R_E</math> is radius of curvature of space (called ''"[[Einstein's radius]]"''), <math>G</math> is Newtonian gravitational constant, and <math>\rho</math> is density of space

<ref>  

<ref>

See [[Essay:Hubble redshift in Einstein's universe]]. Except conservapedia (before access to the paper were blocked by the University of Warsaw, Poland) it was never published by any mainstream scientific journal and therefore remains unknown to the physicists and astronomers

See [[Essay:Hubble redshift in Einstein's universe]]. Except conservapedia (before access to the paper were blocked by the University of Warsaw, Poland) it was never published by any mainstream scientific journal and therefore remains unknown to the physicists and astronomers

</ref> and so the cosmological redshift is exactly Arp's [[Intrinsic redshift]] with which one may measure the average density of universe (and possibly also the density of space around [[quasar]]s).

</ref> and so the cosmological redshift is exactly Arp's [[Intrinsic redshift]] with which one may measure the average density of universe (and possibly also the density of space around [[quasar]]s).