Changes

===Fichte===

===Fichte===

"[T]hrough almost all countries of Europe there is spreading a powerful, hostile state, which is perpetually at war with all other States, and which in some of them oppresses the citizens with the utmost severity: it is Jewry."<ref>Moshe Leshem, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=NGSAAAAAIAAJ Balaam's curse: how Israel lost its way, and how it can find it again]'' (Simon and Schuster, 1989) ISBN 067167918X, p. 53</ref> wrote the early socialist Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814). "I see no other means of protecting ourselves against them, than by conquering their Promised Land and sending them all there."<ref>Bernard Lewis, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=GteStbiDEjAC Semites and anti-Semites: An Inquiry into Conflict and Prejudice]'' (W. W. Norton & Company, 1999) ISBN 0393318397, p. 112</ref> Elsewhere, he suggested a more radical solution, in which Gentiles "chop off all their [Jews'] heads and replace them with new ones, in which there would not be a single Jewish idea."<ref>Jon Stratton, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=Blh7RLQVIUcC Jewish identity in Western pop culture: the Holocaust and trauma through modernity]'' (Macmillan, 2008), ISBN 0230604749, p. 24</ref> In Fichte's text "we see the beginnings of the 'anticapitalist' impulse in modern antisemitism, which became central to revolutionist agendas for the redemption of humanity through the regeneration of Jewry," observes [http://www.gf.org/fellows/8291-anthony-j-la-vopa Guggenheim Fellow] Anthony J. LaVopa.<ref>Anthony J. LaVopa, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=vQx0_69P4z4C Fichte: the self and the calling of philosophy, 1762-1799]'' (Cambridge University Press, 2001), ISBN 052179145, p. 135</ref> Duquesne University professor Tom Rockmore comments that "available evidence points strongly to an early and perhaps enduring Marxian interest in Fichte's position."<ref>Tom Rockmore, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=qrS4AAAAIAAJ Fichte, Marx, and the German philosophical tradition]'' (Southern Illinois University Press, 1980), ISBN 0809309556, p. 126</ref>

"[T]hrough almost all countries of Europe there is spreading a powerful, hostile state, which is perpetually at war with all other States, and which in some of them oppresses the citizens with the utmost severity: it is Jewry."<ref>Moshe Leshem, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=NGSAAAAAIAAJ Balaam's curse: how Israel lost its way, and how it can find it again]'' (Simon and Schuster, 1989) ISBN 067167918X, p. 53</ref> wrote the early socialist [[Johann Gottlieb Fichte]] (1762–1814). "I see no other means of protecting ourselves against them, than by conquering their Promised Land and sending them all there."<ref>Bernard Lewis, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=GteStbiDEjAC Semites and anti-Semites: An Inquiry into Conflict and Prejudice]'' (W. W. Norton & Company, 1999) ISBN 0393318397, p. 112</ref> Elsewhere, he suggested a more radical solution, in which Gentiles "chop off all their [Jews'] heads and replace them with new ones, in which there would not be a single Jewish idea."<ref>Jon Stratton, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=Blh7RLQVIUcC Jewish identity in Western pop culture: the Holocaust and trauma through modernity]'' (Macmillan, 2008), ISBN 0230604749, p. 24</ref> In Fichte's text "we see the beginnings of the 'anticapitalist' impulse in modern antisemitism, which became central to revolutionist agendas for the redemption of humanity through the regeneration of Jewry," observes [http://www.gf.org/fellows/8291-anthony-j-la-vopa Guggenheim Fellow] Anthony J. LaVopa.<ref>Anthony J. LaVopa, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=vQx0_69P4z4C Fichte: the self and the calling of philosophy, 1762-1799]'' (Cambridge University Press, 2001), ISBN 052179145, p. 135</ref> Duquesne University professor Tom Rockmore comments that "available evidence points strongly to an early and perhaps enduring Marxian interest in Fichte's position."<ref>Tom Rockmore, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=qrS4AAAAIAAJ Fichte, Marx, and the German philosophical tradition]'' (Southern Illinois University Press, 1980), ISBN 0809309556, p. 126</ref>

===Fourier===

===Fourier===