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[[Image:Technocracy_smyth.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Smyth first wrote about his ideas of Technocracy in 1919.]]

[[Image:Technocracy_smyth.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Smyth first wrote about his ideas of Technocracy in 1919.]]

A '''Technocracy''' is defined as ''a system in which people with a lot of knowledge about science or technology control a society''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/technocracy |title=technocracy: definition  |work=[[Merriam-Webster]] }}</ref>  A technocratic state, or a state controlled by engineers and expertise,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rLiGAAAAMAAJ Technocracy and the Politics of Expertise]</ref> generally has experts secluded into unelected bureaucracies.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=NeJjEkYGF_MC&pg=PA9 The Rise of the Unelected: Democracy and the New Separation of Powers]</ref>

A '''Technocracy''' is defined as ''a system in which people with a lot of knowledge about science or technology control a society''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/technocracy |title=technocracy: definition  |work=[[Merriam-Webster]] }}</ref>  A technocratic state, or a state controlled by engineers and expertise,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rLiGAAAAMAAJ Technocracy and the Politics of Expertise]</ref> generally has experts secluded into unelected bureaucracies.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=NeJjEkYGF_MC&pg=PA9 The Rise of the Unelected: Democracy and the New Separation of Powers]</ref>

==History==

==History==

===Elected and Unelected===

===Elected and Unelected===

As a political term, ''Technocracy'' tends to be a bit elastic,<ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/21538698 Minds like machines -Government by experts sounds tempting, especially in a crisis. It can work. But brief stints have the best chances], [[The Economist]]</ref> meaning that the definition of both the word and the application(s) have shifted over time.

As a political term, ''Technocracy'' tends to be a bit elastic,<ref>[https://www.economist.com/node/21538698 Minds like machines -Government by experts sounds tempting, especially in a crisis. It can work. But brief stints have the best chances], [[The Economist]]</ref> meaning that the definition of both the word and the application(s) have shifted over time.

====Elected====

====Elected====

====Unelected====

====Unelected====

More often than not, technocrats exercise influence from unelected boards and bureaus, as is often seen both in the European Union<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/london/2014/08/09/invasion-of-eu-technocrats/ EU Chief: Our Work Should Not be Transparent], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2013/06/11/the-rise-of-governments-led-by-technocrats-in-europe-illustrates-the-failure-of-mainstream-political-parties/ The rise of governments led by technocrats in Europe illustrates the failure of mainstream political parties.], [[London School of Economics]]</ref> and in the United States from agencies such as the [[Environmental Protection Agency]].<ref>[http://www.nationalreview.com/article/228816/take-control-congress-bakst-cordato Take Control, Congress], [[National Review]]</ref>

More often than not, technocrats exercise influence from unelected boards and bureaus, as is often seen both in the European Union<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/london/2014/08/09/invasion-of-eu-technocrats/ EU Chief: Our Work Should Not be Transparent], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref><ref>[http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2013/06/11/the-rise-of-governments-led-by-technocrats-in-europe-illustrates-the-failure-of-mainstream-political-parties/ The rise of governments led by technocrats in Europe illustrates the failure of mainstream political parties.], [[London School of Economics]]</ref> and in the United States from agencies such as the [[Environmental Protection Agency]].<ref>[http://www.nationalreview.com/article/228816/take-control-congress-bakst-cordato Take Control, Congress], [[National Review]]</ref>

===Technocracy and Socialism===

===Technocracy and Socialism===

Daniel Bell, an influential sociologist,<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/biography/Daniel-Bell Daniel Bell]</ref> made a direct comparison between technocracy and early socialist theorists, particularly that of [[Henri de Saint-Simon]]. He wrote that "St. Simon's vision of industrial society, a vision of pure technocracy, was a system of planning and rational order in which society would specify its needs and organize the factors of production to achieve them."<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q6_56x5tB7gC&pg=PA76|last1=Bell|first1=Daniel|year=2008|title=The Coming Of Post-industrial Society|isbn=978-0465097135}}</ref>  Bell concluded that the "administration of things" is the "hallmark of technocracy".  [[G. D. H. Cole]] agrees with Bell, that Saint-Simon "anticipated modern notions of technocracy in his insistence on the master-function of the industrial experts and organizers".<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s6UgAQAAIAAJ&q=anticipated+modern+notions+of+technocracy+in+his+insistence+on+the&dq=anticipated+modern+notions+of+technocracy+in+his+insistence+on+the&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiWiu_hn6_KAhUM6yYKHTxGDGIQ6AEIKjAD|last1=Cole|first1=George Douglas Howard|year=1962|title=A History of Socialist Thought: Socialist thought, the forerunners, 1789-1850, Volume 1|pages=49}}</ref>

Daniel Bell, an influential sociologist,<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Daniel-Bell Daniel Bell]</ref> made a direct comparison between technocracy and early socialist theorists, particularly that of [[Henri de Saint-Simon]]. He wrote that "St. Simon's vision of industrial society, a vision of pure technocracy, was a system of planning and rational order in which society would specify its needs and organize the factors of production to achieve them."<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q6_56x5tB7gC&pg=PA76|last1=Bell|first1=Daniel|year=2008|title=The Coming Of Post-industrial Society|isbn=978-0465097135}}</ref>  Bell concluded that the "administration of things" is the "hallmark of technocracy".  [[G. D. H. Cole]] agrees with Bell, that Saint-Simon "anticipated modern notions of technocracy in his insistence on the master-function of the industrial experts and organizers".<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s6UgAQAAIAAJ&q=anticipated+modern+notions+of+technocracy+in+his+insistence+on+the&dq=anticipated+modern+notions+of+technocracy+in+his+insistence+on+the&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiWiu_hn6_KAhUM6yYKHTxGDGIQ6AEIKjAD|last1=Cole|first1=George Douglas Howard|year=1962|title=A History of Socialist Thought: Socialist thought, the forerunners, 1789-1850, Volume 1|pages=49}}</ref>

 

 

In addition, [[Upton Sinclair]] was very excited<ref>Arthur M. Schlesinger (2003). [http://books.google.com/books?id=UAjls3YykzgC&pg=PA463 The Crisis of the Old Order, 1919-1933] Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, p. 463.</ref> about the coming Technocracy movement and lauded its arrival.  He wrote:

In addition, [[Upton Sinclair]] was very excited<ref>Arthur M. Schlesinger (2003). [https://books.google.com/books?id=UAjls3YykzgC&pg=PA463 The Crisis of the Old Order, 1919-1933] Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, p. 463.</ref> about the coming Technocracy movement and lauded its arrival.  He wrote:

{{cquote|Socialists have been saying pretty much the same thing for the past two generations.  But then, nobody pays much attention to us Socialists.  This time, however, it is the leading experts of the engineering profession who are speaking - the sort of people the American public looks up to.<ref name=UPI>{{cite news |title=Technocracy's Theory Lauded by Socialists |url=http://newspaperarchive.com/us/virginia/pulaski/pulaski-southwest-times/1932/12-23/ |newspaper= Pulaski Southwest Times  |date=23 December 1932}}</ref>}}

{{cquote|Socialists have been saying pretty much the same thing for the past two generations.  But then, nobody pays much attention to us Socialists.  This time, however, it is the leading experts of the engineering profession who are speaking - the sort of people the American public looks up to.<ref name=UPI>{{cite news |title=Technocracy's Theory Lauded by Socialists |url=http://newspaperarchive.com/us/virginia/pulaski/pulaski-southwest-times/1932/12-23/ |newspaper= Pulaski Southwest Times  |date=23 December 1932}}</ref>}}