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==Sports==
 
==Sports==
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As a practical matter, Title IX results in quota-like requirements in college sports, such that women's participation on team rosters (compared to men's) must be equal to their proportional enrollment in the school (compared to men's) under the [[proportionality test]].  Because football is a men's sport only and has the largest roster size (85 scholarship players), effectively a school that participates in football must add two additional women's programs to balance participation.
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As a practical matter, Title IX results in quota-like requirements in college sports, such that women's participation on team rosters (compared to men's) must be equal to their proportional enrollment in the school (compared to men's) under the [[proportionality test]].  This is despite the fact that Congress expressly prohibited quotas:<ref>20 U.S.C. § 1681(b).</ref>
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This is despite the fact that Congress expressly prohibited quotas:<ref>20 U.S.C. § 1681(b).</ref>
    
:Nothing contained in . . . this section shall be interpreted to require any educational institution to grant preferential or disparate treatment to the members of one sex on account of an imbalance which may exist with respect to the total number or percentage of persons of that sex participating in or receiving the benefits of any federal program or activity, in comparison with the total number or percentage of persons of that sex in any community, State, section, or other area.
 
:Nothing contained in . . . this section shall be interpreted to require any educational institution to grant preferential or disparate treatment to the members of one sex on account of an imbalance which may exist with respect to the total number or percentage of persons of that sex participating in or receiving the benefits of any federal program or activity, in comparison with the total number or percentage of persons of that sex in any community, State, section, or other area.
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