| Line 3: |
Line 3: |
| | ==Antiderivatives== | | ==Antiderivatives== |
| | ===Elementary=== | | ===Elementary=== |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int x^n \, dx = \frac{1}{n+1} x^{n+1}, \, n \neq -1 | | \int x^n \, dx = \frac{1}{n+1} x^{n+1}, \, n \neq -1 |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \frac{1}{x} \, dx = \ln|x| | | \int \frac{1}{x} \, dx = \ln|x| |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int e^x \, dx = e^x | | \int e^x \, dx = e^x |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \sin x \, dx = -\cos x | | \int \sin x \, dx = -\cos x |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \cos x \, dx = \sin x | | \int \cos x \, dx = \sin x |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \tan x \, dx = - \ln \cos x | | \int \tan x \, dx = - \ln \cos x |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \sinh x \, dx = \cosh x | | \int \sinh x \, dx = \cosh x |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \cosh x \, dx = \sinh x | | \int \cosh x \, dx = \sinh x |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| | ===Commonly encountered=== | | ===Commonly encountered=== |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \ln x \, dx = x \ln x - x | | \int \ln x \, dx = x \ln x - x |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int a^x \, dx = \frac{1}{\ln a} a^x | | \int a^x \, dx = \frac{1}{\ln a} a^x |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \frac{1}{x^2+a^2} \, dx = \frac{1}{a} \tan^{-1} \frac{x}{a} = \frac{1}{a} \arctan \frac{x}{a} | | \int \frac{1}{x^2+a^2} \, dx = \frac{1}{a} \tan^{-1} \frac{x}{a} = \frac{1}{a} \arctan \frac{x}{a} |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \frac{1}{a^2-x^2} \, dx = \frac{1}{2} \ln \left| \frac{x+a}{x-a} \right| | | \int \frac{1}{a^2-x^2} \, dx = \frac{1}{2} \ln \left| \frac{x+a}{x-a} \right| |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-x^2}} \, dx = \sin^{-1} \frac{x}{a} = \arcsin \frac{x}{a} | | \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-x^2}} \, dx = \sin^{-1} \frac{x}{a} = \arcsin \frac{x}{a} |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-a^2}} \, dx = \cosh^{-1} \frac{x}{a} = \ln(x+\sqrt{x^2-a^2}) | | \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-a^2}} \, dx = \cosh^{-1} \frac{x}{a} = \ln(x+\sqrt{x^2-a^2}) |
| | </math> | | </math> |
| | | | |
| − | <math> | + | :<math> |
| | \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+a^2}} \, dx = \sinh^{-1} \frac{x}{a} = \ln(x+\sqrt{x^2+a^2}) | | \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+a^2}} \, dx = \sinh^{-1} \frac{x}{a} = \ln(x+\sqrt{x^2+a^2}) |
| | </math> | | </math> |