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The second is generally called "beta plus" decay, the positron being considered a "beta plus ray". That, and the fourth one, electron capture, are beta transformations that occur for many isotopes.
The second is generally called "beta plus" decay, the positron being considered a "beta plus ray". That, and the fourth one, electron capture, are beta transformations that occur for many isotopes.
It is common to use the Greek letter "β" instead of "e" for the electron, still using the plus or minus superscript. Also, the charge symbol for protons and neutrons is often omitted. So the four equations above become:
:<math>\begin{align}
n &\to p + \beta^- + \bar\nu_e \\
p &\to n + \beta^+ + \nu_e \\
n + \beta^+ &\to p + \bar\nu_e \\
p + \beta^- &\to n + \nu_e
\end{align}</math>
The "e" subscript on the neutrino is still used, to distinguish electron-type neutrinos from muon-type and tau-type.
Antiparticles.
Antiparticles.