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added new section on Colossians 2:8-15 re pretext for infant baptism based on connection St. Paul made between the type of circumcision and its fulfillment in the antitype of water baptism in Christ
The [[Unitarianism|Oneness Groups]] believe that baptism is a requirement for [[salvation]]. Both Oneness and [[Trinity|Trinitarian]] [[Pentecostalism|Pentecostals]] use full immersion and do not practice infant baptism.
The [[Unitarianism|Oneness Groups]] believe that baptism is a requirement for [[salvation]]. Both Oneness and [[Trinity|Trinitarian]] [[Pentecostalism|Pentecostals]] use full immersion and do not practice infant baptism.
==Colossians 2:8-15==
Some opponents of the practice of infant baptism claim there is no biblical passage connecting the seal of [[circumcision]] of infants eight days old in the covenant with Abraham and the seal of water baptism of infants in the covenant of Christ in salvation. For example, Baptist John MacArthur says: {{quotation|[I]nfant Baptism is not in the Scripture, it’s not New Testament Baptism, and it is not, please, a replacement sign for the Abrahamic mark of circumcision. One of the other things that Reformed people say is that infant Baptism takes the place of circumcision. I’ve heard that argument for years. So my response is, what verse says that? Where is it? Show me the verse. Where in the Bible does it say, by the way, Baptism is a replacement of circumcision? Where does it say that? It doesn’t say that anywhere.<ref>[https://www.gty.org/library/sermons-library/80-369/is-infant-baptism-biblical Is Infant Baptism Biblical?] by John MacArthur</ref>}}
'''Colossians 2:8-15''' is cited and [[Hermeneutics|interpreted]] by ''paedobaptists'' as explicit scriptural evidence and justification for the doctrine and practice of infant baptism as being a replacement and fulfillment of the ''[[Typology|type]]'' of the seal of circumcision of an eight-day-old infant.
[https://biblehub.com/commentaries/colossians/2-12.htm Multiple commentaries on Colossians 2:12 on the biblehub.com site] explicitly connect circumcision and baptism:
:Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers; Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary; Barnes' Notes on the Bible; Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary; Matthew Poole's Commentary; Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible; Geneva Study Bible; Meyer's NT Commentary; Expositor's Greek Testament; Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges; PETER LOMBARD ON BAPTISM. (Colossians 2:12.); Bengel's Gnomen; Pulpit Commentary
[https://www.puritanboard.com/threads/a-short-paper-from-piper-on-colossians-2-8-15.13157/ A short paper from Piper on Colossians 2:8-15 (puritanboard.com)]
:...in my struggles with this issue over the years, especially the years in graduate school when I was studying mainly with paedobaptists, three or four texts, more than any others, kept me from embracing the argument from circumcision. One is [https://biblehub.com/colossians/2-11.htm Colossians 2:11-12]. Another is [https://biblehub.com/1_peter/3-21.htm 1 Peter 3:21]. Another is [https://biblehub.com/romans/9-8.htm Romans 9:8]. And another is [https://biblehub.com/galatians/3-27.htm Galatians 3:26-27].
[https://www.ligonier.org/learn/devotionals/circumcision-and-baptism Circumcision and Baptism | Reformed Bible Studies (ligonier.org)]
:Today’s passage links baptism and circumcision, showing us that new covenant baptism is a proximate fulfillment of the sign of circumcision (Col. 2:8–15). At the consummation, the sign first given to Abraham will be completely fulfilled when the Lord makes a final cut between the sheep and the goats (Rev. 20:11–15).
[https://www.bereanbiblesociety.org/circumcision-and-baptism Circumcision and Baptism, Author: Pastor J. C. O'Hair | Berean Bible Society (bereanbiblesociety.org)]
:If the circumcision of the eleventh verse is “without hands”, the baptism of the twelfth verse must be “without hands”. We have no doubt as to the fact of the “handless” circumcision. And we have no doubt that there is in the Bible a baptism “without hands”.
[https://www.gotquestions.org/baptism-circumcision.html Is baptism the New Covenant equivalent of circumcision? (gotquestions.org)]
:Jan 02, 2020 · Baptism, mentioned in verse 12, does not replace circumcision; it follows circumcision—and it is clearly a spiritual circumcision that is meant. Baptism, therefore, is a sign of inward, spiritual “circumcision.” This passage also specifies that the new life, represented by baptism, comes “through your faith.”
[https://www.desiringgod.org/messages/how-do-circumcision-and-baptism-correspond How Do Circumcision and Baptism Correspond? - John Piper (desiringgod.org)]
:It defines circumcision in a way that gives it the same basic meaning as baptism, and yet we know from Genesis 17 that circumcision was appointed by God for the infants of all Jewish people. (10) This is My covenant, which you shall keep, between Me and you and your descendants after you: every male among you shall be circumcised.
[https://themelios.thegospelcoalition.org/article/does-baptism-replace-circumcision-an... Does Baptism Replace Circumcision? An Examination of the … (themelios.thegospelcoalition.org)]
:Some paedobaptists appeal to this to defend the idea that just as circumcision is a seal linked to faith, so too baptism.35 However, this verse is speaking descriptively about Abraham and not prescriptively about his seed.36 Abraham’s descendants are circumcised as a seal of the covenant God made with Abraham, not because they themselves have faith. Actually all this verse would prove is ‘believer’s …
[https://bible.knowing-jesus.com/topics/Circumcision,-Physical 22 Bible verses about Circumcision, Physical (bible.knowing-jesus.com)]
:"If a man receives circumcision on the Sabbath so that the Law of Moses will not be broken, are you angry with Me because I made an entire man well on the Sabbath? Philippians 3:5 Verse Concepts
[https://heidelblog.net/2012/09/baptism-and-circumcision-according-to-colossians-211-12 Baptism and Circumcision According to Colossians 2:11–12 (heidelblog.net)]
:Sep 17, 2012 · What is the Connection Between Circumcision and Baptism? The connection between baptism and circumcision is quite clear in Colossians 2:11–12. The connection is not direct, but indirect and the point of contact between them is Christ and baptism is the sign and seal of that circumcision.
== Protestant theological arguments against infant baptism ==
== Protestant theological arguments against infant baptism ==