The Inter-Services Intelligence was founded in 1948 by Robert Cawthorne who was a British Army officer. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20080515203133/https://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/pakistan/isi.htm</ref> It was later expanded by Pakistani Military dictator Ayub Khan in the 1950's. | The Inter-Services Intelligence was founded in 1948 by Robert Cawthorne who was a British Army officer. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20080515203133/https://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/pakistan/isi.htm</ref> It was later expanded by Pakistani Military dictator Ayub Khan in the 1950's. |