Changes

===Clinton, Biden and the New Jim Crow===

===Clinton, Biden and the New Jim Crow===

[[File:Clinton gore.png|right|275px|thumb]]

[[File:Clinton gore.png|left|275px|thumb]]

In the 1990s the Democratic Party revived itself, in part by distancing itself from [[Jesse Jackson]] and the [[Rainbow Coalition]].<ref>http://www.blackcommentator.com/46/46_cover.html<br>https://ofamerica.wordpress.com/tag/democratic-leadership-council/</ref> Jackson was the first African-American to win a major party primary in 1988. Blacks were getting a little too [[uppity]] in  the eyes of the Clintons and Democratic party leadership.<ref>[http://prospect.org/article/crisis-working-majority-0 From Crisis to Working Majority], Stan Greenberg, ''The American Prospect'' 2, no. 7 (September 1991). Republished 24 May 2005</ref> Clinton defeated the incumbent [[George H. W. Bush]] in 1992, was the beneficiary of reduced defense spending with the end of the Cold War and a balanced federal budget. Clinton proposed  [[welfare reform]] (cutting benefits and requiring many recipients to take jobs). Labor unions, which had been steadily losing membership due to [[globalization]] since the 1960s, found they had also lost political clout inside the Democratic Party: Clinton enacted the [[NAFTA]] free trade agreement with Canada and Mexico accelerating globalization and job loss over the strong objection of these labor unions.  

In the 1990s the Democratic Party revived itself, in part by distancing itself from [[Jesse Jackson]] and the [[Rainbow Coalition]].<ref>http://www.blackcommentator.com/46/46_cover.html<br>https://ofamerica.wordpress.com/tag/democratic-leadership-council/</ref> Jackson was the first African-American to win a major party primary in 1988. Blacks were getting a little too [[uppity]] in  the eyes of the Clintons and Democratic party leadership.<ref>[http://prospect.org/article/crisis-working-majority-0 From Crisis to Working Majority], Stan Greenberg, ''The American Prospect'' 2, no. 7 (September 1991). Republished 24 May 2005</ref> Clinton defeated the incumbent [[George H. W. Bush]] in 1992, was the beneficiary of reduced defense spending with the end of the Cold War and a balanced federal budget. Clinton proposed  [[welfare reform]] (cutting benefits and requiring many recipients to take jobs). Labor unions, which had been steadily losing membership due to [[globalization]] since the 1960s, found they had also lost political clout inside the Democratic Party: Clinton enacted the [[NAFTA]] free trade agreement with Canada and Mexico accelerating globalization and job loss over the strong objection of these labor unions.  

Every year for twelve years, Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush, who both always had at least one house of Congress controlled by Democrats, asked in their State of the Union addresses for Congress to create Enterprise Zones - special tax breaks for start-ups and businesses to relocate to blighted areas, predominantly black, inner-city urban areas - to create jobs and  deliver services. Democrats didn't want Republicans to be seen as helping blacks. However, in President Clinton's first 100 days, with a Democrat House and Senate, Democrats finally delivered Enterprise Zones after making African Americans wait 12 years to finally participate in the prosperity begun in the 1980s. [[Bill Clinton]] attacked [[Nancy Reagan]]'s anti-drug "Just Say No" campaign as "twelve years of neglect" and ratcheted up deaths caused by illegal drug use from 10,000 per year to 70,000.<ref>https://slate.com/news-and-politics/1996/06/clinton-s-drug-war.html</ref> The [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] took control of both the House of Representatives and the United States Senate after the 1994 midterm election.  

Every year for twelve years, Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush, who both always had at least one house of Congress controlled by Democrats, asked in their State of the Union addresses for Congress to create Enterprise Zones - special tax breaks for start-ups and businesses to relocate to blighted areas, predominantly black, inner-city urban areas - to create jobs and  deliver services. Democrats didn't want Republicans to be seen as helping blacks. However, in President Clinton's first 100 days, with a Democrat House and Senate, Democrats finally delivered Enterprise Zones after making African Americans wait 12 years to finally participate in the prosperity begun in the 1980s. [[Bill Clinton]] attacked [[Nancy Reagan]]'s anti-drug "Just Say No" campaign as "twelve years of neglect" and ratcheted up deaths caused by illegal drug use from 10,000 per year to 70,000.<ref>https://slate.com/news-and-politics/1996/06/clinton-s-drug-war.html</ref> The [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] took control of both the House of Representatives and the United States Senate after the 1994 midterm election.  

[[File:Bill-clinton-orval-faubus-1991.jpg|left|275px|thumb|Bill Clinton with a trusted advisor, [[Orval Faubus]] in 1991. Faubus sent over 200 National Guardsmen to block 7 Black children from registering at a white school in 1957.<ref>http://articles.latimes.com/1992-09-15/news/vw-739_1_orval-faubus</ref>]]

[[File:Bill-clinton-orval-faubus-1991.jpg|right|275px|thumb|Bill Clinton with a trusted advisor, [[Orval Faubus]] in 1991. Faubus sent over 200 National Guardsmen to block 7 Black children from registering at a white school in 1957.<ref>http://articles.latimes.com/1992-09-15/news/vw-739_1_orval-faubus</ref>]]

Under the Clintons and the 1994 Biden Crime Bill, more than 250,000 [[African American]]s were imprisoned in the [[United States]] than under President Reagan,<ref>http://www.blackelectorate.com/articles.asp?ID=320</ref> Both Hillary Clinton and Joseph Biden took credit for mass incarceration.<ref>https://www.thenation.com/article/hillary-clinton-does-not-deserve-black-peoples-votes/</ref> Cumulatively since the Clinton's passed the Biden Crime Bill, 2.5 million adult black males—more than 10% of the population—were incarcerated, splitting up black families.<ref name="prisonpolicy.org">http://www.prisonpolicy.org/research/incarceration_rates_growth_causes/</ref> [[Barack Obama]], [[Louis Farrakhan]] and [[Al Sharpton]] led the [[Million Man March]] on Washington to protest.<ref>http://gatewaypundit.blogspot.com/2008/04/wright-obama-helped-organize-march-with.html</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100502040630/https://www1.chicagoreader.com/obama_reader/what_makes_obama_run/?q=012009K</ref>

Under the Clintons and the 1994 Biden Crime Bill, more than 250,000 [[African American]]s were imprisoned in the [[United States]] than under President Reagan,<ref>http://www.blackelectorate.com/articles.asp?ID=320</ref> Both Hillary Clinton and Joseph Biden took credit for mass incarceration.<ref>https://www.thenation.com/article/hillary-clinton-does-not-deserve-black-peoples-votes/</ref> Cumulatively since the Clinton's passed the Biden Crime Bill, 2.5 million adult black males—more than 10% of the population—were incarcerated, splitting up black families.<ref name="prisonpolicy.org">http://www.prisonpolicy.org/research/incarceration_rates_growth_causes/</ref> [[Barack Obama]], [[Louis Farrakhan]] and [[Al Sharpton]] led the [[Million Man March]] on Washington to protest.<ref>http://gatewaypundit.blogspot.com/2008/04/wright-obama-helped-organize-march-with.html</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100502040630/https://www1.chicagoreader.com/obama_reader/what_makes_obama_run/?q=012009K</ref>