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'''Serfs''' were the lowest class in the [[Feudalism|feudal system]].  In [[medieval]] [[Europe]], they were agricultural laborers legally bound to their lord's property and obligated to perform set services for their lord.  In other words, they couldn't leave the lands they were on. While serfs were subject to their lord's will, they were also entitled to the lord's protection.  The practice of serfdom went into decline in much of Europe at the end of medieval times.
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'''Serfs''' were the lowest class in the [[Feudalism|feudal system]].  In [[medieval]] [[Europe]], they were agricultural laborers legally bound to their lord's property and obligated to perform set services for their lord.  In other words, they couldn't leave the lands they were on. While serfs were subject to their lord's will, they were also entitled to the lord's protection.  The practice of serfdom went into decline in much of Europe at the end of medieval times.<ref>''The Earth and Its Peoples A Global History, Bulliet et al, 2005.''</ref>
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In [[Russia]] some serfs worked as artisans and in factories. Serfdom was abolished in Russia in 1861, two years ahead of the [[Emancipation Proclamation]] in the [[United States]].
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Many notable countries have abolished serfdom including:
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*'''Normandy''' circa 1100 AD<ref>''Sept essais sur des Aspects de la société et de l'économie dans la Normandie médiévale (Xe-XIIIe siècles)'' Lucien Musset, Jean-Michel Bouvris, Véronique Gazea, Cahier des Annales de Normandie 1988, Volume 22, Issue 22, pp. 3–140</ref>
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*'''France''' circa 1315 - 1316 AD<ref name=1902pedia>https://www.1902encyclopedia.com/S/SLA/slavery-12.html</ref><ref>Maurice Druon, ''Le Roi de fer'', Chapter 3.</ref>
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*'''Great Britain''' circa 1574 AD<ref name=1902pedia></ref>
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*'''Germany''' circa 1804 AD<ref>[https://ghdi.ghi-dc.org/sub_document.cfm?document_id=3612 "GHDI; "Decree on the Abolition of Personal Serfdom in Schleswig-Holstein""]. GHDI. Retrieved April 3<sup>rd</sup>, 2024.</ref>
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*'''[[Russia]]''' circa 1861<ref>https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/abolition-serfdom</ref>
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== Sources ==
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It should be noted that serfdom and [[slavery]], while related, are not the same. For example, the colonialist [[United States]] had both serfdom and slavery prior to independence, but continued only slavery until the [[Emancipation Proclamation]] in 1863.
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''The Earth and Its Peoples A Global History, Bulliet et al, 2005.''
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== References ==
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{{reflist}}
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[[Category:Feudalism]]
 
[[Category:Feudalism]]
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