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2 simple examples
'''Formal logic''' (or '''symbolic logic''') is the Western Civilization's system of reasoning. It is used in law, religion, science, and mathematics.
'''Formal logic''' (or '''symbolic logic''') is the Western Civilization's system of reasoning. It is used in law, religion, science, and mathematics.
Logic is used in proofs. For example, given that
#All men are mortal; and,
#Socrates is a man;
we can deduce (and ''prove'') that
#Socrates is mortal.
Using one of the same premises, we can prove that [[Lucifer]] is not a man:
#Lucifer is immortal (i.e., not mortal)
#Whoever is not mortal, is not a man.
#Hence, Lucifer is not a man.
The key element here is the inference from ''All men are mortal'' to ''whoever is not mortal is not a man'' (see [[Syllogism]]s)