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'''Islamic State''' (IS) (also known as '''Islamic State of Iraq and Syria Or Daesh.  (ISIS)<ref>http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/iraq-christians-told-convert-face-death-2014718111040982432.html</ref> or 'Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant' (ISIL), is a terrorist organization that operates in [[Iraq]] and [[Syria]]. Founded by [[Abu Musab al-Zarqawi]], it grew out of [[al Qaeda]] in Iraq.<ref>https://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/06/10/229948/some-answers-about-the-islamic.html#emlnl=Morning_Newsletter</ref> Commonly known as [[Sunni]] headchoppers, the primary target of their barbaric [[violence]] were [[Shia]] [[Muslim]]s whom they regarded as [[traitor]]s to the [[Islam]]ic nation. They were organized, funded, and trained by [[Arab]] Sunni and [[Western alliance|Western]] opponents of [[Iran]] as a [[proxy force]] after the reduction of [[American]] [[military]] forces in [[Iraq]] in 2011.
 
'''Islamic State''' (IS) (also known as '''Islamic State of Iraq and Syria Or Daesh.  (ISIS)<ref>http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/iraq-christians-told-convert-face-death-2014718111040982432.html</ref> or 'Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant' (ISIL), is a terrorist organization that operates in [[Iraq]] and [[Syria]]. Founded by [[Abu Musab al-Zarqawi]], it grew out of [[al Qaeda]] in Iraq.<ref>https://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/06/10/229948/some-answers-about-the-islamic.html#emlnl=Morning_Newsletter</ref> Commonly known as [[Sunni]] headchoppers, the primary target of their barbaric [[violence]] were [[Shia]] [[Muslim]]s whom they regarded as [[traitor]]s to the [[Islam]]ic nation. They were organized, funded, and trained by [[Arab]] Sunni and [[Western alliance|Western]] opponents of [[Iran]] as a [[proxy force]] after the reduction of [[American]] [[military]] forces in [[Iraq]] in 2011.
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In February 2012 NSC staffer [[Jake Sullivan]] informed [[Hillary Clinton]] that "Al Qaeda is on our side" in the plot to take down Syrian leader [[Bashar al Assad]].  ''Reuters'' reported on August 1, 2012 that [[Barack Obama]] signed a [[Presidential Finding]] earlier that same year authorizing transfer of captured weapons from Libya to groups in Syria that later became known as the Islamic State.<ref name=reuters1aug2012>Mark Hosenball, [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-syria-obama-order/obama-authorizes-secret-support-for-syrian-rebels-idUSBRE8701OK20120802 Obama authorizes secret support for Syrian rebels], ''Reuters'', August 1, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170216061621/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/01/obama-secret-syria-order_n_1730712.html].
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In February 2012 NSC staffer [[Jake Sullivan]] informed [[Hillary Clinton]] that "Al Qaeda is on our side" in the plot to take down Syrian leader [[Bashar al Assad]].  ''Reuters'' reported on August 1, 2012, that [[Barack Obama]] signed a [[Presidential Finding]] earlier that same year authorizing transfer of captured weapons from Libya to groups in Syria that later became known as the Islamic State.<ref name=reuters1aug2012>Mark Hosenball, [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-syria-obama-order/obama-authorizes-secret-support-for-syrian-rebels-idUSBRE8701OK20120802 Obama authorizes secret support for Syrian rebels], ''Reuters'', August 1, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170216061621/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/01/obama-secret-syria-order_n_1730712.html].
 
{{Quotebox|under provisions of the presidential finding, the United States was collaborating with a secret command center operated by Turkey and its allies.<br>
 
{{Quotebox|under provisions of the presidential finding, the United States was collaborating with a secret command center operated by Turkey and its allies.<br>
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Turkey’s moderate Islamist government has been demanding Assad’s departure with growing vehemence. Turkish authorities are said by current and former U.S. government officials to be increasingly involved in providing Syrian rebels with training and possibly equipment.<br>
 
Turkey’s moderate Islamist government has been demanding Assad’s departure with growing vehemence. Turkish authorities are said by current and former U.S. government officials to be increasingly involved in providing Syrian rebels with training and possibly equipment.<br>
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European government sources said wealthy families in Saudi Arabia and Qatar were providing significant financing to the rebels. Senior officials of the Saudi and Qatari governments have publicly called for Assad’s departure. }}</ref>  The [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] under [[Gen. Michael T. Flynn]] warned 12 days later that [[Western]] powers and their [[Salafi]] allies wanted to create an Islamic State.<ref>Defense Intelligence Agency document circulated widely among government agencies, including [[CENTCOM]], the CIA, FBI, [[DHS]], NGA (National Geospatial Agency), State Department, and many others. The document states the West (NATO powers), members of the Gulf Cooperation Council ([[Bahrain]], [[Kuwait]], [[Oman]], Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the [[United Arab Emirates]]), and [[Turkey]] want an [[Islamic State]] ("Salafist principality in Eastern Syria") to oppose the regime of [[Bashar al-Assad]].
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European government sources said wealthy families in Saudi Arabia and Qatar were providing significant financing to the rebels. Senior officials of the Saudi and Qatari governments have publicly called for Assad’s departure. }}</ref>  The [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] under [[Gen. Michael T. Flynn]] warned 12 days later that [[Western]] powers and their [[Salafi]] allies wanted to create an Islamic State.<ref>Defense Intelligence Agency document circulated widely among government agencies, including [[CENTCOM]], the CIA, FBI, [[DHS]], NGA (National Geospatial Agency), State Department, and many others. The document states the West (NATO powers), members of the Gulf Cooperation Council ([[Bahrain]], [[Kuwait]], [[Oman]], Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the [[United Arab Emirates]]), and [[Turkey]] want an Islamic State ("Salafist principality in Eastern Syria") to oppose the regime of [[Bashar al-Assad]].
 
{{Quotebox|AQI [al Qaeda in Iraq] SUPPORTED THE SYRIAN OPPOSITION FROM THE BEGINNING, BOTH IDEOLOGICALLY AND THROUGH THE MEDIA…
 
{{Quotebox|AQI [al Qaeda in Iraq] SUPPORTED THE SYRIAN OPPOSITION FROM THE BEGINNING, BOTH IDEOLOGICALLY AND THROUGH THE MEDIA…
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Turkey's president [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan|Erdogan]] has good relations with Barack Obama and they both supported Assad's ouster from Syria. Turkey is a major transit point for both foreign fighters and weapons, which makes both presidents complicit in the failure to stop fighters from joining ISIS ranks.  [[Ramzan Kadyrov]], ([[Chechnya]]), 38, said the U.S. secretly controls the Islamic State.<ref>[http://finance.yahoo.com/news/putin-points-muslim-rage-cold-210000968.html Putin Points Muslim Rage at Cold War Foes.]</ref>
 
Turkey's president [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan|Erdogan]] has good relations with Barack Obama and they both supported Assad's ouster from Syria. Turkey is a major transit point for both foreign fighters and weapons, which makes both presidents complicit in the failure to stop fighters from joining ISIS ranks.  [[Ramzan Kadyrov]], ([[Chechnya]]), 38, said the U.S. secretly controls the Islamic State.<ref>[http://finance.yahoo.com/news/putin-points-muslim-rage-cold-210000968.html Putin Points Muslim Rage at Cold War Foes.]</ref>
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ISIS attacks Shiite Muslims, the Iraqi Army and Kurdish [[Peshmerga]] troops, and non-Muslims<ref>http://www.euronews.com/2014/08/12/kurdish-peshmerga-troops-plead-for-weapons-to-fight-islamic-state-militants/</ref>  Even bin Laden successor [[Ayman al-Zawahiri]] condemned the Islamic State as "extremists".<ref>http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/262795/moderate-islam-al-qaeda-leader-condemns-isis-daniel-greenfield</ref>The goal of ISIS is to reestablish an Islamic Caliphate.<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2014/0623/Briefing-What-is-the-Islamic-State-In-Iraq-and-the-Levant-ISIS</ref> By March 2019, the Islamic State had lost all the territory it had conquered.    Many former ISIS members have returned to their countries of origin without facing any consequences.<ref>Duke, Selwyn (February 24, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/world-news/europe/item/31555-when-the-west-harbors-the-nazis-of-our-time When the West Harbors the Nazis of Our Time]. ''The New American''. Retrieved February 25, 2019.</ref>  Its leader [[Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi]] was killed by U.S. forces in October 2019.<ref>Multiple references:
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ISIS attacks Shiite Muslims, the Iraqi Army and Kurdish [[Peshmerga]] troops, and non-Muslims<ref>http://www.euronews.com/2014/08/12/kurdish-peshmerga-troops-plead-for-weapons-to-fight-islamic-state-militants/</ref>  Even bin Laden successor [[Ayman al-Zawahiri]] condemned the Islamic State as "extremists".<ref>http://www.frontpagemag.com/point/262795/moderate-islam-al-qaeda-leader-condemns-isis-daniel-greenfield</ref> The goal of ISIS is to reestablish an Islamic Caliphate.<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2014/0623/Briefing-What-is-the-Islamic-State-In-Iraq-and-the-Levant-ISIS</ref> By March 2019, the Islamic State had lost all the territory it had conquered.    Many former ISIS members have returned to their countries of origin without facing any consequences.<ref>Duke, Selwyn (February 24, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/world-news/europe/item/31555-when-the-west-harbors-the-nazis-of-our-time When the West Harbors the Nazis of Our Time]. ''The New American''. Retrieved February 25, 2019.</ref>  Its leader [[Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi]] was killed by U.S. forces in October 2019.<ref>Multiple references:
 
*Coles, Isabel (October 27, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/baghdadi-presided-over-vast-islamic-state-bureaucracy-inspired-terrorism-11572183503 Baghdadi, Brutal Leader of Islamic State, Inspired Terrorism Around the Globe]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
 
*Coles, Isabel (October 27, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/baghdadi-presided-over-vast-islamic-state-bureaucracy-inspired-terrorism-11572183503 Baghdadi, Brutal Leader of Islamic State, Inspired Terrorism Around the Globe]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
 
*Schreck, Adam; Karam, Zeina (October 27, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/7c573f62b9614399b0867c14d7788f76 Islamic State leader leaves a legacy of terror]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
 
*Schreck, Adam; Karam, Zeina (October 27, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/7c573f62b9614399b0867c14d7788f76 Islamic State leader leaves a legacy of terror]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
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==Syria and Iraq==
 
==Syria and Iraq==
 
[[File:The Hero.PNG|right|275px|thumb|Conan, the hero dog who took down Ibrahim bin ‘Awad bin Ibrahim al-Badri ar-Radawi al-Husseini as-Samara’i, real name Ibrahim ibn Awwad al-Badri al-Samarrai (b. 1971) a.k.a. Abu Du'a and [[Caliph Ibrahim al-Badri]], alleged descendant of the [[Prophet Muhammad]], Commander of the Faithful (''Amir al-Mu'minin'') and [[Caliph]] of all Muslims.]]
 
[[File:The Hero.PNG|right|275px|thumb|Conan, the hero dog who took down Ibrahim bin ‘Awad bin Ibrahim al-Badri ar-Radawi al-Husseini as-Samara’i, real name Ibrahim ibn Awwad al-Badri al-Samarrai (b. 1971) a.k.a. Abu Du'a and [[Caliph Ibrahim al-Badri]], alleged descendant of the [[Prophet Muhammad]], Commander of the Faithful (''Amir al-Mu'minin'') and [[Caliph]] of all Muslims.]]
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ISIS, among others have also been fighting in the [[Syrian Civil War]] against [[Bashar al-Assad]] and is known for killing [[Christians in Syria]].  Though the Syrian dictator himself, oppresses all his oeople. An estimated 5,000 Yazidis have been killed by ISIS in a genocide.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk">{{cite news|last1=Hopkins|first1=Steve|title=Full horror of the Yazidis who didn’t escape Mount Sinjar: UN confirms 5,000 men were executed and 7,000 women are now kept as sex slaves|url=https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2792552/full-horror-yazidis-didn-t-escape-mount-sinjar-confirms-5-000-men-executed-7-000-women-kept-sex-slaves.html|publisher=''The [[Daily Mail]]''|date=14 October 2014|location=London}}</ref><ref>http://www.frontpagemag.com/2014/majid-rafizadeh/killings-of-christians-by-islamists-doubled-in-2013/</ref>  
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ISIS, among others have also been fighting in the [[Syrian Civil War]] against [[Bashar al-Assad]] and is known for killing [[Christians in Syria]].  Though the Syrian dictator himself, oppresses all his oeople. An estimated 5,000 Yazidis have been killed by ISIS in a genocide.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk">{{cite news|last1=Hopkins|first1=Steve|title=Full horror of the Yazidis who didn't escape Mount Sinjar: UN confirms 5,000 men were executed and 7,000 women are now kept as sex slaves|url=https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2792552/full-horror-yazidis-didn-t-escape-mount-sinjar-confirms-5-000-men-executed-7-000-women-kept-sex-slaves.html|publisher=''The [[Daily Mail]]''|date=14 October 2014|location=London}}</ref><ref>http://www.frontpagemag.com/2014/majid-rafizadeh/killings-of-christians-by-islamists-doubled-in-2013/</ref>  
    
Yet, the Assad regime itseLf aLso aided ISIS.<ref name=lawfare/>
 
Yet, the Assad regime itseLf aLso aided ISIS.<ref name=lawfare/>
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==Libya==
 
==Libya==
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[[File:C9Pak4-W0AIldKy (1).jpg|left|350px|thumb|Jake Sullivan to [[Hillary Clinton]], Feb. 12, 2012, "Al Qaeda is on our side in Syria." ''The Guardian'' reported on July 30, 2012, “[Al-Qaida’s] goal is establishing an Islamic state and not a Syrian state."<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jul/30/al-qaida-rebels-battle-syria</ref>]]
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[[File:C9Pak4-W0AIldKy (1).jpg|left|350px|thumb|Jake Sullivan to [[Hillary Clinton]], Feb. 12, 2012, "Al Qaeda is on our side in Syria." ''The Guardian'' reported on July 30, 2012, “[Al-Qaida’s] goal is establishing an Islamic state and not a Syrian state."<ref name="theguardian.com">https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jul/30/al-qaida-rebels-battle-syria</ref>]]
 
Islamic State has created such a vast presence in Libya, 5000 fighters, that the U.S. government is scrambling to come up with a counter plan.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/05/world/africa/isis-libya-us-special-ops.html?_r=0 Obama Is Pressed to Open Military Front Against ISIS in Libya, NYT, February 4, 2016]</ref>
 
Islamic State has created such a vast presence in Libya, 5000 fighters, that the U.S. government is scrambling to come up with a counter plan.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/05/world/africa/isis-libya-us-special-ops.html?_r=0 Obama Is Pressed to Open Military Front Against ISIS in Libya, NYT, February 4, 2016]</ref>
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A Syrian suicide bomber injured 15 people through a suicide attack in [[Ansbach]] on July 24, 2016.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2016/jul/25/ansbach-explosion-german-town-deliberate-blast-latest]</ref>
 
A Syrian suicide bomber injured 15 people through a suicide attack in [[Ansbach]] on July 24, 2016.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2016/jul/25/ansbach-explosion-german-town-deliberate-blast-latest]</ref>
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On December 20, 2016 a truck rammed into a crowded Christmas market in [[Berlin]], killing at least 12 people and injuring at least 48 others.<ref>[https://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/police-truck-attack-killed-12-berlin-intentional]</ref> ISIS claimed responsibility for the attack.<ref>Hjelmgaard, Kim (December 20, 2016). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2016/12/20/berlin-truck-crash/95644498/ ISIL calls Berlin attacker a 'soldier' as manhunt for killer resumes]. ''USA Today''. Retrieved December 20, 2016.</ref>
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On December 20, 2016, a truck rammed into a crowded Christmas market in [[Berlin]], killing at least 12 people and injuring at least 48 others.<ref>[https://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/police-truck-attack-killed-12-berlin-intentional]</ref> ISIS claimed responsibility for the attack.<ref>Hjelmgaard, Kim (December 20, 2016). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2016/12/20/berlin-truck-crash/95644498/ ISIL calls Berlin attacker a 'soldier' as manhunt for killer resumes]. ''USA Today''. Retrieved December 20, 2016.</ref>
    
===Indonesia===
 
===Indonesia===
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In March 2017 (a year after the Bombings in Brussels) a terrost attack in [[London]] took place, a 52-year-old man drove into pedestrians at the Westminster Bridge, 5 were dead (of which are 3 pedestrians, 1 police officer and the perpetrator), weapons used by the offender had a knife.<ref>https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/london-parliament-attack/isis-claims-responsibility-london-attack-analysts-remain-skeptical-n738071</ref>
 
In March 2017 (a year after the Bombings in Brussels) a terrost attack in [[London]] took place, a 52-year-old man drove into pedestrians at the Westminster Bridge, 5 were dead (of which are 3 pedestrians, 1 police officer and the perpetrator), weapons used by the offender had a knife.<ref>https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/london-parliament-attack/isis-claims-responsibility-london-attack-analysts-remain-skeptical-n738071</ref>
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In 2022, social-media influencer Andrew Tate has converted To Islam, and said: ISIS are 'the real Muslims'; pro-ISIS outlet shares Tate's video, expresses Support. <ref>[https://www.memri.org/reports/british-american-influencer-andrew-tate-converts-islam-says-isis-are-real-muslims-pro-isis British-American Influencer Andrew Tate Converts To Islam, Says: ISIS Are 'The Real Muslims'; Pro-ISIS Outlet Shares Tate's Video, Expresses Support], ''Memri'', November 1, 2022</ref><ref>[https://www.firstpost.com/world/the-vicar-of-baghdad-influencer-andrew-tate-in-shocking-claim-says-isis-are-the-real-muslims-11578571.html The Vicar of Baghdad, influencer Andrew Tate in shocking claim says, ‘ISIS are the real Muslims’], FP Staff, November 05, 2022.<blockquote>
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In 2022, social-media influencer Andrew Tate has converted To Islam, and said: ISIS are 'the real Muslims'; pro-ISIS outlet shares Tate's video, expresses Support.<ref>[https://www.memri.org/reports/british-american-influencer-andrew-tate-converts-islam-says-isis-are-real-muslims-pro-isis British-American Influencer Andrew Tate Converts To Islam, Says: ISIS Are 'The Real Muslims'; Pro-ISIS Outlet Shares Tate's Video, Expresses Support], ''Memri'', November 1, 2022</ref><ref>[https://www.firstpost.com/world/the-vicar-of-baghdad-influencer-andrew-tate-in-shocking-claim-says-isis-are-the-real-muslims-11578571.html The Vicar of Baghdad, influencer Andrew Tate in shocking claim says, ‘ISIS are the real Muslims’], FP Staff, November 05, 2022.<blockquote>
 
Tate made the claim initially in a now-deleted viral TikTok video. The TikTok video was shared on 25 October by a pro-ISIS media outlet on Telegram, which praised Tate for his statements.</blockquote></ref>
 
Tate made the claim initially in a now-deleted viral TikTok video. The TikTok video was shared on 25 October by a pro-ISIS media outlet on Telegram, which praised Tate for his statements.</blockquote></ref>
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[[File:Nader-Salem-Elhuzayel.ISIS.jpg|thumb|Nader Salem Elhuzayel "Palestinian" ISIS in Anaheim, CA]]
 
[[File:Nader-Salem-Elhuzayel.ISIS.jpg|thumb|Nader Salem Elhuzayel "Palestinian" ISIS in Anaheim, CA]]
 
*Two convicted of providing support to the Islamic State,<ref>[https://www.ocweekly.com/nader-salem-elhuzayel-and-muhanad-elfatih-ma-badawi-guilty-in-isis-case-7280205-2/Nader Salem Elhuzayel and Muhanad Elfatih M.A. Badawi Guilty in ISIS Case], ''OC Weekly'', June 22, 2016.</ref> "[[Palestinian]]"-Arab Nader Salem Elhuzayel,<ref>[https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/california-man-sentenced-30-years-conspiring-join-isil-and-engaging-fraud California Man Sentenced to 30 Years for Conspiring to Join ISIL and Engaging in Fraud],  
 
*Two convicted of providing support to the Islamic State,<ref>[https://www.ocweekly.com/nader-salem-elhuzayel-and-muhanad-elfatih-ma-badawi-guilty-in-isis-case-7280205-2/Nader Salem Elhuzayel and Muhanad Elfatih M.A. Badawi Guilty in ISIS Case], ''OC Weekly'', June 22, 2016.</ref> "[[Palestinian]]"-Arab Nader Salem Elhuzayel,<ref>[https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/california-man-sentenced-30-years-conspiring-join-isil-and-engaging-fraud California Man Sentenced to 30 Years for Conspiring to Join ISIL and Engaging in Fraud],  
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''Department of Justice'', September 26, 2016.</ref> and [[Sudan|Sudanese]] Muhanad Elfatih M.A. Badawi,<ref>[https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/second-california-man-who-participated-conspiracy-provide-support-isil-sentenced-30-years Second California Man Who Participated in Conspiracy to Provide Support to ISIL Sentenced to 30 Years in Federal Prison], ''Department of Justice'', October 19, 2016.</ref> were sentenced in 2016 to 30 years. The two men “discussed how it would be a blessing to fight for the cause of Allah, and to die in the battlefield."<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna363461 ISIS Recruits Muhanad Badawi and Nader Elhuzayel Arrested Near L.A. Charged], ''NBC'' News, Nay 22, 2015.<blockquote>According to phone records, the two men “discussed how it would be a blessing to fight for the cause of Allah, and to die in the battlefield."</blockquote></ref> Elhuzayel "used social media to communicate with Islamic State supporters and operatives and to help them stay in contact with each other." He "also disseminated pro-Islamic State information."<ref>John R. Emshwiller, [https://www.wsj.com/articles/california-man-gets-30-year-prison-sentence-for-trying-to-help-islamic-state-1474938553 California Man Gets 30-Year Prison Sentence for Trying to Help Islamic State] Sep 26, 2016.</ref> In March 2015, "Elhuzayel was introduced online to a woman in Palestine who professed support for [[Islamic State]]. They discussed getting married."<ref name=reuters2015>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-california-shooting-mosques-idUSKBN0TR2PH20151208 America's Muslims object to Obama's push for more self-surveillance], ''Reuters'', Dec 8 , 2015.<blockquote><small>WASHINGTON (Reuters) - U.S. President Barack Obama’s request to American Muslims that they must help “root out” extremists in their midst received an angry response inside mosques in a part of California where four men were recently arrested for conspiring to aid Islamist militants.
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''Department of Justice'', September 26, 2016.</ref> and [[Sudan]]ese Muhanad Elfatih M.A. Badawi,<ref>[https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/second-california-man-who-participated-conspiracy-provide-support-isil-sentenced-30-years Second California Man Who Participated in Conspiracy to Provide Support to ISIL Sentenced to 30 Years in Federal Prison], ''Department of Justice'', October 19, 2016.</ref> were sentenced in 2016 to 30 years. The two men “discussed how it would be a blessing to fight for the cause of Allah, and to die in the battlefield."<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna363461 ISIS Recruits Muhanad Badawi and Nader Elhuzayel Arrested Near L.A. Charged], ''NBC'' News, Nay 22, 2015.<blockquote>According to phone records, the two men “discussed how it would be a blessing to fight for the cause of Allah, and to die in the battlefield."</blockquote></ref> Elhuzayel "used social media to communicate with Islamic State supporters and operatives and to help them stay in contact with each other." He "also disseminated pro-Islamic State information."<ref>John R. Emshwiller, [https://www.wsj.com/articles/california-man-gets-30-year-prison-sentence-for-trying-to-help-islamic-state-1474938553 California Man Gets 30-Year Prison Sentence for Trying to Help Islamic State] Sep 26, 2016.</ref> In March 2015, "Elhuzayel was introduced online to a woman in Palestine who professed support for Islamic State. They discussed getting married."<ref name=reuters2015>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-california-shooting-mosques-idUSKBN0TR2PH20151208 America's Muslims object to Obama's push for more self-surveillance], ''Reuters'', Dec 8 , 2015.<blockquote><small>WASHINGTON (Reuters) - U.S. President Barack Obama’s request to American Muslims that they must help “root out” extremists in their midst received an angry response inside mosques in a part of California where four men were recently arrested for conspiring to aid Islamist militants.
    
At the West Coast Islamic Society in Anaheim, southern California, where two 24-year-old men arrested in May accused of conspiring to aid Islamic State had worshipped, the message was clear: there is no trust of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the U.S. government.
 
At the West Coast Islamic Society in Anaheim, southern California, where two 24-year-old men arrested in May accused of conspiring to aid Islamic State had worshipped, the message was clear: there is no trust of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the U.S. government.
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“Asking Muslims to do this is offensive. There is a collective responsibility to address this,” he said.
 
“Asking Muslims to do this is offensive. There is a collective responsibility to address this,” he said.
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But Abdallah Soueidan, owner of Al Amir restaurant in Anaheim and an immigrant from Lebanon, said he welcomed Obama’s comments. “We must be more vigilant. And I wouldn’t be surprised, or upset, if we came under more surveillance.”</small></blockquote></ref> They were both worshipping at the ''West Coast Islamic Society'' in [[Anaheim]], [[CA]]. <ref name=reuters2015/> See related: [[Moustafa Kamel]].
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But Abdallah Soueidan, owner of Al Amir restaurant in Anaheim and an immigrant from Lebanon, said he welcomed Obama’s comments. “We must be more vigilant. And I wouldn’t be surprised, or upset, if we came under more surveillance.”</small></blockquote></ref> They were both worshipping at the ''West Coast Islamic Society'' in [[Anaheim]], [[CA]].<ref name=reuters2015/> See related: [[Moustafa Kamel]].
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[[File:ISIS.Oct.31.2017.NYC.jpg|thumb|ISIS, Oct.31.2017, NYC]]
 
[[File:ISIS.Oct.31.2017.NYC.jpg|thumb|ISIS, Oct.31.2017, NYC]]
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*The October 31, 2017 massacre by Islamic terrorist Nyregion Saipov<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/26/nyregion/saipov-convicted-bike-path-truck-attack.html Attack That Killed 8 on a Manhattan Bike Path], ''The New York Times''  Jan 26, 2023.</ref> wanted to impress ISIS and join them. He drove a truck for about a mile down a bike path in [[New York City]]  in a vehicular attack that killed eight people and injured at least 12 others.<ref>https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/sayfullo-saipov-indicted-terrorism-and-murder-aid-racketeering-charges-connection-lower Sayfullo Saipov Indicted On Terrorism And Murder In Aid Of Racketeering Charges In Connection With Lower Manhattan Truck Attack], USAO-SDNY,  Department of Justice, Nov 21, 2017</ref> The Islamist "smiled after NYC bike path attack, gave ‘proud confession’"<ref>Ben Feuerherd, [https://nypost.com/2023/01/09/isis-terrorist-smiled-after-nyc-attack-gave-proud-confession-feds/ ISIS terrorist smiled after NYC bike path attack, gave ‘proud confession’: feds], ''NYPost'', January 9, 2023.</ref> As of January 2023, Saipov’s attorney, David Patton, emphasized that Saipov, who had declared that he was inspired by the Islamic State (ISIS), was unrepentant: "As we sit here today, he still believes that, he still believes the ISIS messaging and he still believes it was Allah's will that he do what he did."<ref>Lauren del Valle, Ray Sanchez and Eric Levenson, [https://www.cnn.com/2023/01/09/us/sayfullo-saipov-nyc-attack-trial/index.html Terror suspect accused of killing 8 people on NYC bike path still believes in ISIS, defense attorney says], ''CNN'', January 9, 2023.</ref>
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*The October 31, 2017 massacre by Islamic terrorist Nyregion Saipov<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/26/nyregion/saipov-convicted-bike-path-truck-attack.html Attack That Killed 8 on a Manhattan Bike Path], ''The New York Times''  Jan 26, 2023.</ref> wanted to impress ISIS and join them. He drove a truck for about a mile down a bike path in [[New York City]]  in a vehicular attack that killed eight people and injured at least 12 others.<ref>[https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/sayfullo-saipov-indicted-terrorism-and-murder-aid-racketeering-charges-connection-lower Sayfullo Saipov Indicted On Terrorism And Murder In Aid Of Racketeering Charges In Connection With Lower Manhattan Truck Attack], USAO-SDNY,  Department of Justice, Nov 21, 2017</ref> The Islamist "smiled after NYC bike path attack, gave ‘proud confession’"<ref>Ben Feuerherd, [https://nypost.com/2023/01/09/isis-terrorist-smiled-after-nyc-attack-gave-proud-confession-feds/ ISIS terrorist smiled after NYC bike path attack, gave ‘proud confession’: feds], ''NYPost'', January 9, 2023.</ref> As of January 2023, Saipov’s attorney, David Patton, emphasized that Saipov, who had declared that he was inspired by the Islamic State (ISIS), was unrepentant: "As we sit here today, he still believes that, he still believes the ISIS messaging and he still believes it was Allah's will that he do what he did."<ref>Lauren del Valle, Ray Sanchez and Eric Levenson, [https://www.cnn.com/2023/01/09/us/sayfullo-saipov-nyc-attack-trial/index.html Terror suspect accused of killing 8 people on NYC bike path still believes in ISIS, defense attorney says], ''CNN'', January 9, 2023.</ref>
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3. Ayob Nasser, 19, Dearborn, MI (arrested Nov 5).
 
3. Ayob Nasser, 19, Dearborn, MI (arrested Nov 5).
 
4. Tomas Kaan Guzel (aka Tomas-Kaan Jimenez-Guzel), 19, New Jersey (arrested; planned travel to Syria).
 
4. Tomas Kaan Guzel (aka Tomas-Kaan Jimenez-Guzel), 19, New Jersey (arrested; planned travel to Syria).
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5. Milo Sedanet (aka Milo Sedarat), 19-20, New Jersey (arrested). Accused NJ jihadi yuppie teen wanted to murder mom’s Jewish pals, bragged he was ‘biggest antisemite in America’.
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5. Milo Sedanet (aka Milo Sedarat), 19–20, New Jersey (arrested). Accused NJ jihadi yuppie teen wanted to murder mom's Jewish pals, bragged he was ‘biggest antisemite in America’.
 
6. Saed Ali Mirreh, 19, Kent, WA (6th arrested, Nov 6; linked to Guzel).
 
6. Saed Ali Mirreh, 19, Kent, WA (6th arrested, Nov 6; linked to Guzel).
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GLASSBORO, N.J. (WPVI) -- A Rowan University student is among five suspects arrested in connection with an alleged ISIS-inspired plot to carry out a terrorist attack over Halloween weekend in Michigan.
 
GLASSBORO, N.J. (WPVI) -- A Rowan University student is among five suspects arrested in connection with an alleged ISIS-inspired plot to carry out a terrorist attack over Halloween weekend in Michigan.
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On Tuesday, federal authorities announced the arrests of Tomas Kaan Guzel and Milo Sedanet, both 19 and from Montclair, New Jersey.</small></blockquote></ref><ref>Patrick Djordjevic and Rob Taub, [https://www.newsnationnow.com/crime/sixth-person-arrested-michigan-halloween-terror-plot/ Sixth arrest made in alleged Halloween terror plot in Michigan]. ''NewsNation'', November 6, 2025.
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On Tuesday, federal authorities announced the arrests of Tomas Kaan Guzel and Milo Sedanet, both 19 and from Montclair, New Jersey.</small></blockquote></ref><ref>Patrick Djordjevic and Rob Taub, [https://www.newsnationnow.com/crime/sixth-person-arrested-michigan-halloween-terror-plot/ Sixth arrest made in alleged Halloween terror plot in Michigan]. ''NewsNation'', November 6, 2025.
 
<blockquote><small>
 
<blockquote><small>
 
(NewsNation) — FBI Director Kash Patel has announced a sixth arrest in connection with an alleged terror plot in Michigan on Halloween weekend.
 
(NewsNation) — FBI Director Kash Patel has announced a sixth arrest in connection with an alleged terror plot in Michigan on Halloween weekend.
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* The [[2026 Old Dominion University shooting]] terror atrack occurred on March 12, 2026, at Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, when 36-year-old Islamist Mohamed Bailor Jalloh opened fire on members of the university’s Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC). Authorities say Jalloh shouted the Arabic Islamic cry: “Allahu Akbar”[1] before beginning the attack inside a classroom. Jalloh had previously been convicted in 2017 for attempting to provide material support to the Islamic State.
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* The [[2026 Old Dominion University shooting]] terror atrack occurred on March 12, 2026, at Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, when 36-year-old Islamist Mohamed Bailor Jalloh opened fire on members of the university's Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC). Authorities say Jalloh shouted the Arabic Islamic cry: “Allahu Akbar”[1] before beginning the attack inside a classroom. Jalloh had previously been convicted in 2017 for attempting to provide material support to the Islamic State.
    
===Muslim Arab "Palestinians" inside Israel===
 
===Muslim Arab "Palestinians" inside Israel===
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* On March 22 2022, Muhammad Alab Ahmed abu Alkiyan, [[ISIS]], an Arab Muslim Israeli citizen from the Bedouin town of Hura and a married father of five massacred four people, ramming some with a vehicle and stabbing others <ref>[https://www.ynetnews.com/magazine/article/syhtshvzc Two mothers and a rabbi who fed the poor: Israel names victims of terror spree], ''Ynet'', 03.22.22.<blockquote>
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* On March 22, 2022, Muhammad Alab Ahmed abu Alkiyan, [[ISIS]], an Arab Muslim Israeli citizen from the Bedouin town of Hura and a married father of five massacred four people, ramming some with a vehicle and stabbing others <ref>[https://www.ynetnews.com/magazine/article/syhtshvzc Two mothers and a rabbi who fed the poor: Israel names victims of terror spree], ''Ynet'', 03.22.22.<blockquote>
 
Moshe was struck down first in the murderous attack; Doris's paramedic nephew was unable to save her; Laura had the strength to fight back while being mercilessly attacked, and Menachem was stabbed dozens of times while taking a walk.</blockquote></ref><ref>StandWithUs (@StandWithUs) Tweeted ([https://twitter.com/StandWithUs/status/1506392188820901888 Mar 22, 2022]):<blockquote>
 
Moshe was struck down first in the murderous attack; Doris's paramedic nephew was unable to save her; Laura had the strength to fight back while being mercilessly attacked, and Menachem was stabbed dozens of times while taking a walk.</blockquote></ref><ref>StandWithUs (@StandWithUs) Tweeted ([https://twitter.com/StandWithUs/status/1506392188820901888 Mar 22, 2022]):<blockquote>
 
Doris Yahbas.  
 
Doris Yahbas.  
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These are the names of the four innocent people who were murdered in today's terror attack in Be'er Sheva, southern #Israel.  
 
These are the names of the four innocent people who were murdered in today's terror attack in Be'er Sheva, southern #Israel.  
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May their memories forever be a blessing.</blockquote>https://t.co/sMXZSp0XmF [https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FOfHp6cX0AM-gGL.jpg]</ref> because they were Jews. The  "moderate" [[Palestinian Authority]] cheered the attack: <i>PA hypocrisy: Honor terror in Arabic and secretly condemn it in English.</i><ref>Itamar Marcus, [https://palwatch.org/page/30820 PA hypocrisy: Honor terror in Arabic and secretly condemn it in English], ''PMW'', Mar 24, 2022.<blockquote>
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May their memories forever be a blessing.</blockquote>https://t.co/sMXZSp0XmF [https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FOfHp6cX0AM-gGL.jpg]</ref> because they were Jews. The  "moderate" [[Palestinian Authority]] cheered the attack: ''PA hypocrisy: Honor terror in Arabic and secretly condemn it in English.''<ref>Itamar Marcus, [https://palwatch.org/page/30820 PA hypocrisy: Honor terror in Arabic and secretly condemn it in English], ''PMW'', Mar 24, 2022.<blockquote>
    
PA to Palestinians: The murderer was a “Martyr” [March 23, 2022] 
 
PA to Palestinians: The murderer was a “Martyr” [March 23, 2022] 
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*On March 27, 2022, as [[Israel]]i and Arab officials ([[UAE]], [[Egypt]], [[Bahrain]], [[Morocco]]) were gathering for an historic summit, two Arab Muslims, Ayman Bashir Ighbariah Ibrahim and Hassan Bashir Ighbariah, from Umm al-Fahm Israel, carried out a murderous terror attack in Hadera, killing two and injuring six.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/28/middleeast/israel-isis-attack-intl/index.html ISIS attack kills two and injures six in Israel as Arab and Israeli officials hold historic summit], ''CNN'', March 28, 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.timesofisrael.com/minister-arab-israeli-terrorists-in-hadera-shooting-affiliated-to-islamic-state/ Islamic State claims Hadera attack; minister], ''TOI'', March 27, 2022.</ref>
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*On March 27, 2022, as [[Israel]]i and Arab officials ([[UAE]], [[Egypt]], [[Bahrain]], [[Morocco]]) were gathering for an historic summit, two Arab Muslims, Ayman Bashir Ighbariah Ibrahim and Hassan Bashir Ighbariah, from Umm al-Fahm Israel, carried out a murderous terror attack in Hadera, killing two and injuring six.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/28/middleeast/israel-isis-attack-intl/index.html ISIS attack kills two and injures six in Israel as Arab and Israeli officials hold historic summit], ''CNN'', March 28, 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.timesofisrael.com/minister-arab-israeli-terrorists-in-hadera-shooting-affiliated-to-islamic-state/ Islamic State claims Hadera attack; minister], ''TOI'', March 27, 2022.</ref>
    
ISIS put out a statement about the "infidel" Jews.<ref><blockquote>ISIS also issued an official proclamation accepting responsibility for the attack in Hadera: "The "infidel" Jews must know that the promises (to harm them) will come to them sooner or later. With the help of Allah."</blockquote>pic.twitter.com/ujON3TGo2j — roi kais • روعي كايس • רועי קייס (@kaisos1987) [https://twitter.com/kaisos1987/status/1508225829339344897 March 27, 2022]</ref> In [[Gaza]], [[Hamas]] and [[PIJ]]<ref name=ti-31032022>[https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/two-deadly-isis-inspired-terrorist-attacks-carried-out-in-southern-and-central-israel/ Two deadly ISIS-inspired terrorist attacks carried out in southern and central Israel], Terrorism-Info, 31/03/2022.<blockquote>On March 22 and 27, 2022, two deadly terrorist attacks were carried out, one in Beersheba, in southern Israel, and one in Hadera, in the country’s center. So far it is unclear if they were connected. Four Israelis were killed in Beersheba and two were wounded. In Hadera two Israelis were killed and five were wounded. The following are some of the details of the attacks:
 
ISIS put out a statement about the "infidel" Jews.<ref><blockquote>ISIS also issued an official proclamation accepting responsibility for the attack in Hadera: "The "infidel" Jews must know that the promises (to harm them) will come to them sooner or later. With the help of Allah."</blockquote>pic.twitter.com/ujON3TGo2j — roi kais • روعي كايس • רועי קייס (@kaisos1987) [https://twitter.com/kaisos1987/status/1508225829339344897 March 27, 2022]</ref> In [[Gaza]], [[Hamas]] and [[PIJ]]<ref name=ti-31032022>[https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/two-deadly-isis-inspired-terrorist-attacks-carried-out-in-southern-and-central-israel/ Two deadly ISIS-inspired terrorist attacks carried out in southern and central Israel], Terrorism-Info, 31/03/2022.<blockquote>On March 22 and 27, 2022, two deadly terrorist attacks were carried out, one in Beersheba, in southern Israel, and one in Hadera, in the country’s center. So far it is unclear if they were connected. Four Israelis were killed in Beersheba and two were wounded. In Hadera two Israelis were killed and five were wounded. The following are some of the details of the attacks:
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On Apr 1, 2022, ISIS called<ref>[https://rotter.net/forum/scoops1/737461.shtml The ISIS Organization calls to his loyalists in "Palestine" to carry out attacks], ''Rotter News'', Apr 1, 2022.
 
On Apr 1, 2022, ISIS called<ref>[https://rotter.net/forum/scoops1/737461.shtml The ISIS Organization calls to his loyalists in "Palestine" to carry out attacks], ''Rotter News'', Apr 1, 2022.
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<blockquote>The ISIS Da'ash organization dedicates his weekly newspaper of honor for the terrorist attacks in Israel. They earn  the main page and an article on the internal page, as well as disclosure of the organization against the "false nationalism" and calls for its people to act according to Islam which overpowers nationalism (Palestinian). In the declaration of the organization, the organization refers to a special call to its loyalists in the "Palestinian and its environs" in which he calls them to get up, to fix their way, release themselves from the false nationalism and fill the fatwah of cleansing the world from the infidels and the heresy. This is a religious call for terrorist attacks in "Palestinian territories."</blockquote></ref> on its loyalists in "Palestine" to carry out attacks. It called to eject "Palestinian" nationalism and act according to Islam and perform the <i>fatwa</i> against the infidels.
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<blockquote>The ISIS Da'ash organization dedicates his weekly newspaper of honor for the terrorist attacks in Israel. They earn  the main page and an article on the internal page, as well as disclosure of the organization against the "false nationalism" and calls for its people to act according to Islam which overpowers nationalism (Palestinian). In the declaration of the organization, the organization refers to a special call to its loyalists in the "Palestinian and its environs" in which he calls them to get up, to fix their way, release themselves from the false nationalism and fill the fatwah of cleansing the world from the infidels and the heresy. This is a religious call for terrorist attacks in "Palestinian territories."</blockquote></ref> on its loyalists in "Palestine" to carry out attacks. It called to eject "Palestinian" nationalism and act according to Islam and perform the ''fatwa'' against the infidels.
 
It dedicated its weekly publication to the attack in Hadera under the headline "Our campaign with the Jews is a pure Islamic campaign."<ref>roi kais • روعي كايس • רועי קייס (@kaisos1987) Tweeted ([https://twitter.com/kaisos1987/status/1509784242917711875 Apr 1, 2022]):<blockquote>
 
It dedicated its weekly publication to the attack in Hadera under the headline "Our campaign with the Jews is a pure Islamic campaign."<ref>roi kais • روعي كايس • רועי קייס (@kaisos1987) Tweeted ([https://twitter.com/kaisos1987/status/1509784242917711875 Apr 1, 2022]):<blockquote>
 
In addition, an article was published in the ISIS weekly dedicated to the attack in Hadera under the headline "Our campaign with the Jews is a pure Islamic campaign."  The article is the organization's defense letter for the claim that it does not fight Jews enough and criticism of the Palestinian terrorist organizations that are fighting in Israel in the name of national and non-religious motives.</blockquote>[https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FPPQ_65WYAERnMb.jpg:large]</ref>
 
In addition, an article was published in the ISIS weekly dedicated to the attack in Hadera under the headline "Our campaign with the Jews is a pure Islamic campaign."  The article is the organization's defense letter for the claim that it does not fight Jews enough and criticism of the Palestinian terrorist organizations that are fighting in Israel in the name of national and non-religious motives.</blockquote>[https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FPPQ_65WYAERnMb.jpg:large]</ref>
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===Turkey===
 
===Turkey===
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There is evidence to show that the Turkish Intelligence agency MIT, in [[collusion]] with its Western and Middles Eastern partners, conspired to bus ISIS and Al-Qaeda terrorists to Syria which the United States trained at [[NATO]] bases in Turkey. Former ''Today's Zaman'' editor Abdullah Bozkurt, added that the buses were also owned by the MIT. <ref>https://www.investigativeproject.org/7809/report-wiretaps-show-turkish-intel-supported-isis</ref> A captured ISIS jihadist claimed that Turkey provided them with drones and munitions to be used against the Kurds. He also claimed that Turkish hospitals treated ISIS fighters during the 2014-2015 Battle for Kobane.
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There is evidence to show that the Turkish Intelligence agency MIT, in [[collusion]] with its Western and Middles Eastern partners, conspired to bus ISIS and Al-Qaeda terrorists to Syria which the United States trained at [[NATO]] bases in Turkey. Former ''Today's Zaman'' editor Abdullah Bozkurt, added that the buses were also owned by the MIT.<ref>https://www.investigativeproject.org/7809/report-wiretaps-show-turkish-intel-supported-isis</ref> A captured ISIS jihadist claimed that Turkey provided them with drones and munitions to be used against the Kurds. He also claimed that Turkish hospitals treated ISIS fighters during the 2014-2015 Battle for Kobane.
    
===Obama's United States===
 
===Obama's United States===
 
:{{See also|Obama administration}}
 
:{{See also|Obama administration}}
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President [[Barack Obama]] signed a Presidential Finding on August 1, 2012 authorizing transfer of captured weapons from [[Libya]] to groups that became the Islamic State.<ref name=reuters1aug2012/> ''[[Reuters]]'' reported {{Quotebox|under provisions of the presidential finding, the United States was collaborating with a secret command center operated by Turkey and its allies.<br>
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President [[Barack Obama]] signed a Presidential Finding on August 1, 2012, authorizing transfer of captured weapons from [[Libya]] to groups that became the Islamic State.<ref name=reuters1aug2012/> ''[[Reuters]]'' reported {{Quotebox|under provisions of the presidential finding, the United States was collaborating with a secret command center operated by Turkey and its allies.<br>
    
Last week, Reuters reported that, along with [[Saudi Arabia]] and Qatar, Turkey had '''established a secret base near the Syrian border to help direct vital military and communications support to Assad’s opponents.
 
Last week, Reuters reported that, along with [[Saudi Arabia]] and Qatar, Turkey had '''established a secret base near the Syrian border to help direct vital military and communications support to Assad’s opponents.
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European government sources said wealthy families in Saudi Arabia and Qatar were providing significant financing to the rebels. Senior officials of the Saudi and Qatari governments have publicly called for Assad’s departure.}}
 
European government sources said wealthy families in Saudi Arabia and Qatar were providing significant financing to the rebels. Senior officials of the Saudi and Qatari governments have publicly called for Assad’s departure.}}
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''[[The Guardian]]'' reported,<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jul/30/al-qaida-rebels-battle-syria</ref>
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''[[The Guardian]]'' reported,<ref name="theguardian.com"/>
 
{{Quotebox|these were not average members of the Free Syrian Army. Abu Khuder and his men fight for [[al-Qaida]]. They call themselves the ghuraba’a, or “strangers”, after a famous jihadi poem celebrating Osama bin Laden’s time with his followers in the Afghan mountains, and they are one of a number of jihadi organisations establishing a foothold in the east of the country now that the conflict in Syria has stretched well into its second bloody year.<br>
 
{{Quotebox|these were not average members of the Free Syrian Army. Abu Khuder and his men fight for [[al-Qaida]]. They call themselves the ghuraba’a, or “strangers”, after a famous jihadi poem celebrating Osama bin Laden’s time with his followers in the Afghan mountains, and they are one of a number of jihadi organisations establishing a foothold in the east of the country now that the conflict in Syria has stretched well into its second bloody year.<br>
  
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