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==The Industrial Revolution==

==The Industrial Revolution==

The industrial revolution was the transformation of society from being based mostly on farming and handicrafts into an economy based mostly on manufacturing and industry.  England, which had the strongest economy in the world, was the first to undergo the industrial revolution, although some historians cite the iron industry in China under the Song dynasty and the textile industry in India as being forerunners to what happened in England.  Regardless, the real industrial revolution began in 1760 in England and then, aided by the economic insights of Adam Smith, England’s economy expanded and its industrial revolution lasted until 1840.

The Industrial Revolution transformed society from an agrarian economy (based mostly on farming) into an economy powered by manufacturing and industry.  England, which had the strongest economy in the world, was the first to undergo the industrial revolution, although some historians cite the iron industry in China under the Song dynasty and the textile industry in India as forerunners to the English Industrial Revolution.  Regardless, the true industrial revolution began fully in 1760 in England.  Then, aided by the economic insights of Adam Smith, England’s economy continued to change and expand until 1840.

Realism was the new form of literature that told the dark side of the industrial revolution: the overcrowded, filthy conditions in which many workers struggled.

A new form of literature rose during this time, called Realism.  These stories told the dark side of the industrial revolution: the overcrowded, filthy conditions in which many workers struggled.  Many of Charles Dickens' classics, such as David Copperfield belong to this genre, portraying the plight of the poor in 19th century England.

===Where, When and Why===

===Where, When and Why===