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=== Historical Background ===

=== Historical Background ===

On April 17, 1975, after five years of civil war, the totalitarian communist party known as the Khmer Rouge (French: Red Khmers) invaded the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh and took over government of the country. Three days after taking the city, the Khmer Rouge ordered the evacuation of the city on the pretext that American bombers would attack the city once it had fallen to the Communists. Within hours, the city was largely emptied of its nearly 2 million inhabitants.

On April 17, 1975, after five years of civil war, the totalitarian communist party known as the Khmer Rouge (French: Red Khmers) invaded the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh and took over government of the country. Three days after taking the city, the Khmer Rouge ordered the evacuation of the city on the pretext that American bombers would attack the city once it had fallen to the Communists. Within hours, the city was largely emptied of its nearly 2 million inhabitants.<ref>http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,945394,00.html</ref>

In the ensuing months, the majority of Cambodian civilians were herded onto collective farms and forced to work under brutal conditions, under which an estimated 1.6 million Cambodians died due to starvation, illness, forced labor and execution.

In the ensuing months, the majority of Cambodian civilians were herded onto collective farms and forced to work under brutal conditions, under which an estimated 1.6 million Cambodians died due to starvation, illness, forced labor and execution.