Difference between revisions of "Arkansas"

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{{USState
 
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|name=Arkansas
 
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|flag=Arkansas_State_Flag.gif
 
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|motto=Regnat Populus (The People Rule)
 
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|nick=The Natural State
 
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|capital=Little Rock
 
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|language=English
 
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|governor=Mike Beebe
 
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|gparty=Democrat
 
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|senator2=John Boozman
 
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|s2party=Republican
 
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|s2phone=(202) 224 4843
 
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|s2email=http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/senators/one_item_and_teasers/Boozman_John.htm Contact
 
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|senator1=Mark Pryor
 
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|s1party=Democrat
 
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|s1phone=(202) 224-2353
 
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|s1email=http://pryor.senate.gov/contact/ Contact
 
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|population=
 
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|date=June 15, 1836 (25th)
 
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}}
 
  
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'''Arkansas''' became the twenty-fifth state of the Union on June 15, 1836. The capital of Arkansas is [[Little Rock]].
 
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==History==
 
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While Arkansas was originally a slave state, they did not secede from the Union until May 6, 1861 after [[Abraham Lincoln]] called on troops to respond to the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter.
 
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Arkansas would again make headlines after the [[Supreme Court]] case [[Brown v. Topeka Board of Education]] in 1957.  Then Governor Oval Faubus sent the Arkansas National Guard to prevent [[African American]]s from entering Little Rock's Central High School.  [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|President Eisenhower]] sent troops to help escort the students into the school.
 
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==Politics of Arkansas==
 
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Arkansas typically votes Republican in presidential elections; George W. Bush won the state 51%-46% in 2000, 54%-45% in 2004 and John McCain 59%-39% in 2008. <ref>http://elections.nytimes.com/2008/results/president/map.html</ref> However, Democrats fare better in local government. They hold the governors office and majorities in both chambers of their legislators.
 
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Senator Blanche Lincoln, a Democrat who was handley defeated for reelection in 2010, lost favor with the voters, according to polls. Lincoln won the approval of only 36% for the job she did as senator, with 44% disapproving, according to an Aug. 21-24 survey. Her support fell 13 points since March. The poll showed Lincoln running even or even slightly trailing, when matched up against three potential Republican challengers -- even though none of them were known statewide. She was dragged down by Obama's falling popularity, as only 30% of Arkansans supported Obama on health care.<ref> Public Policy Polling, "Lincoln looking vulnerable," [http://www.publicpolicypolling.com/pdf/PPP_Release_AR_826424.pdf August 26, 2009 press release]</ref>
 
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Although Democrats outnumber Republicans in the state 37% to 29%, the 33% who are independent are quite conservative--more so than independents in any other state.
 
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==Economy==
 
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Arkansas is home to the major retailers Tyson Foods, [[Wal-Mart]] and J.B. Hunt.
 
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==Famous Natives==
 
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Former President [[Bill Clinton]] and his wife Sen. [[Hillary Clinton]] are from Arkansas (although Hillary did not grow up in the state).  Bill was the 50th governor of the state prior to his run for presidency in 1992. 2008 [[Republican]] presidential candidate [[Mike Huckabee]] is also a former governor of Arkansas.
 
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==Elected officials==
 
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===Federal===
 
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*Senator [[Mark Pryor]] (D)
 
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*Senator [[John Boozman]] (R)
 
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*Rep. [[Rick Crawford]] [R, AR-1]
 
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*Rep. [[Timothy Griffin]] [R, AR-2]
 
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*Rep. [[Steve Womack]] [R, AR-3]
 
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*Rep. [[Mike Ross]] [D, AR-4]
 
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===Statewide===
 
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*Governor [[Mike Beebe]] (D)
 
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*Lt. Governor [[Mark Darr]] (R)
 
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*Attorney General [[Dustin McDaniel]] (D)
 
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*Secretary of State [[Mark Martin]] (R)
 
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*State Auditor [[Charlie Daniels]] (D)
 
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*State Treasurer [[Martha Shoffner]] (D)
 
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*Land Commissioner [[John Thurston]] (R)
 
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==List of Governors==
 
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
 
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!#!!Name!!Assumed office!!Left office!!Party!!Lt. Governor!!Major events in term!!Oversaw which historical period
 
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|- {{Party shading/red}}
 
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|1
 
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|James Sevier Conway
 
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|September 13 1836
 
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|November 4 1840
 
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|[[Democratic Party|Democrat]]
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|American [[Slavery]]
 
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|-
 
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|2
 
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|Archibald Yell
 
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|November 4 1840
 
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|April 29 1844
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|Resigned office; won seat in [[United States House of Representatives]]
 
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|Slavery
 
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|-
 
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|—
 
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|Samuel Adams
 
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|April 29 1844
 
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|November 5 1844
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|President of the state senate; served remainder of Yell's term
 
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|Slavery
 
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|-
 
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|3
 
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|Thomas Stevenson Drew
 
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|November 5 1844
 
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|January 10 1849
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|Resigned office
 
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|Slavery
 
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|-
 
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|—
 
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|Richard C. Byrd
 
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|January 10 1849
 
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|April 19 1849
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|President of the state senate; served portion of Drew's term until special election
 
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|Slavery
 
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|-
 
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|4
 
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|John Selden Roane
 
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|April 19 1849
 
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|November 15 1852
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|Special election to serve Drew's unexpired term.
 
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|Slavery
 
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|-
 
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|5
 
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|Elias Nelson Conway
 
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|November 15 1852
 
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|November 16 1860
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Slavery
 
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|-
 
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|6
 
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|Henry Massey Rector
 
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|November 16 1860
 
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|November 4 1862
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|Oversaw the secession of Arkansas from the Union prior to the [[American Civil War]]
 
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|Slavery
 
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|-
 
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|7
 
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|Harris Flanagin
 
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|November 4 1862
 
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|April 18 1864
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|Flanagin fled Little Rock for Washington, Arkansas to run a government-in-exile during [[American Civil War]], September 10 1863
 
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|Slavery ended by Union force
 
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|-
 
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|8
 
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|Isaac Murphy
 
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|April 18 1864
 
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|July 2 1868
 
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|[[Republican Party|Republican]]
 
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|
 
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|Elected provisional governor by pro-Union loyalists, assuming office April 18 1864
 
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|Ratification of 13th, 14th Amemendments to U.S. Constitution
 
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|-
 
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|9
 
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|Powell Clayton
 
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|July 2 1868
 
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|March 17 1871
 
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|Republican
 
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|
 
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|Resigned for seat in the [[United States Senate]]
 
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|Reconstruction
 
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|-
 
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|—
 
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|Ozra Amander Hadley
 
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|March 17 1871
 
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|January 6 1873
 
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|Republican
 
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|
 
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|President of the state senate; served remainder of Clayton's term
 
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|Reconstruction
 
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|-
 
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|10
 
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|Elisha Baxter
 
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|January 6 1873
 
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|November 12 1874
 
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|Republican
 
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|
 
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|Removed from office; [[Brooks-Baxter War]].
 
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|Reconstruction
 
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|-
 
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|11
 
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|Augustus Hill Garland
 
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|November 12 1874
 
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|January 11 1877
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|Implementation of [[Jim Crow]] laws
 
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|
 
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|-
 
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|12
 
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|William Read Miller
 
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|January 11 1877
 
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|January 11 1881
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|13
 
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|Thomas James Churchill
 
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|January 11 1881
 
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|January 13 1883
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|14
 
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|James Henderson Berry
 
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|January 13 1883
 
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|January 17 1885
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|15
 
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|Simon Pollard Hughes, Jr.
 
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|January 17 1885
 
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|January 8 1889
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|16
 
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|James Philip Eagle
 
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|January 8 1889
 
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|January 10 1893
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|17
 
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|William Meade Fishback
 
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|January 10 1893
 
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|January 8 1895
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|18
 
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|James Paul Clarke
 
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|January 8 1895
 
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|January 12 1897
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|19
 
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|Daniel Webster Jones
 
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|January 12 1897
 
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|January 8 1901
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|20
 
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|Jeff Davis
 
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|January 8 1901
 
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|January 8 1907
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|21
 
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|John Sebastian Little
 
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|January 8 1907
 
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|February 15 1907
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|Resigned; [[nervous breakdown]]
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|—
 
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|John Isaac Moore
 
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|February 15 1907
 
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|May 14 1907
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|President of the state senate; served portion of Clayton's term until legislature adjurned
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|—
 
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|Xenophon Overton Pindall
 
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|May 14 1907
 
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|January 11 1909
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|New president of the state senate; acted as governor until expiration of his senate term
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|—
 
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|Jesse M. Martin
 
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|January 11 1909
 
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|January 14 1909
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|Acting governor for three days between end of Pindall's senate term and next elected governor
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|22
 
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|George Washington Donaghey
 
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|January 14 1909
 
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|January 16 1913
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|23
 
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|Joseph Taylor Robinson
 
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|January 16 1913
 
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|March 8 1913
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|—
 
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|William Kavanaugh Oldham
 
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|March 8 1913
 
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|March 13 1913
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|President of the state senate; acting governor for six days until election of new senate president
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|—
 
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|Junius Marion Futrell
 
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|March 13 1913
 
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|July 23 1913
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|President of the senate; acting governor until special election
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|24
 
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|George Washington Hays
 
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|July 23 1913
 
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|January 10 1917
 
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|Democrat
 
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|Office created; left vacant
 
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|Elected in special election to fill remainder of term.
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|25
 
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|Charles Hillman Brough
 
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|January 10 1917
 
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|January 11 1921
 
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|Democrat
 
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|vacant
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow; [[World War I]]
 
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|-
 
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|26
 
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|Thomas Chipman McRae
 
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|January 11 1921
 
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|January 13 1925
 
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|Democrat
 
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|vacant
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|27
 
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|Tom Jefferson Terral
 
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|January 13 1925
 
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|January 11 1927
 
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|Democrat
 
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|vacant
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|28
 
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|John Ellis Martineau
 
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|January 11 1927
 
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|March 4 1928
 
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|Democrat
 
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|Harvey Parnell (1st Lt. Gov)
 
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|Resigned; Appointed federal judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|29
 
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|Harvey Parnell
 
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|March 4 1928
 
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|January 10 1933
 
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|Democrat
 
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|William Lee Cazort
 
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|Became first Lt. Governor to act as governor
 
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|Jim Crow; beginning of [[Great Depression]]
 
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|-
 
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|-
 
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|30
 
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|Junius Marion Futrell
 
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|January 10 1933
 
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|January 12 1937
 
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|Democrat
 
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|William Lee Cazort
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|31
 
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|Carl Edward Bailey
 
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|January 12 1937
 
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|January 14 1941
 
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|Democrat
 
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|Robert L. Bailey
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|32
 
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|Homer Martin Adkins
 
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|January 14 1941
 
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|January 9 1945
 
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|Democrat
 
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|Robert L. Bailey, James L. Shaver
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|33
 
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|Benjamin Travis Laney
 
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|January 9 1945
 
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|January 11 1949
 
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|Democrat
 
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|James L. Shaver, Nathan Green Gordon
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|34
 
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|Sid McMath
 
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|January 11 1949
 
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|January 13 1953
 
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|Democrat
 
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|Nathan Green Gordon
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|35
 
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|Francis Cherry
 
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|January 13 1953
 
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|January 11 1955
 
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|Democrat
 
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|Nathan Green Gordon
 
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|
 
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|Jim Crow
 
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|-
 
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|36
 
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|Orval Faubus
 
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|January 11 1955
 
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|January 10 1967
 
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|Democrat
 
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|Nathan Green Gordon
 
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|Prevented [[Little Rock Nine]] from entering Central High School, Little Rock; his segregation policies prompted President Eisenhower to send in 101st Airborne to ensure the Nine's safety
 
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|Jim Crow (ends late 1960's); beginnings of [[Civil Rights Movement]] in state
 
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|-
 
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|37
 
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|Winthrop Rockefeller
 
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|January 10 1967
 
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|January 12 1971
 
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|Republican
 
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|Maurice Britt
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|-
 
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|38
 
−
|Dale Bumpers
 
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|January 12 1971
 
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|January 3 1975
 
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|Democrat
 
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|Bob C. Riley
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|-
 
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|—
 
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|Bob C. Riley
 
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|January 3 1975
 
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|January 14 1975
 
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|Democrat
 
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|
 
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|Acting governor for unexpired term.
 
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|
 
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|-
 
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|39
 
−
|David Pryor
 
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|January 14 1975
 
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|January 3 1979
 
−
|Democratic
 
−
|Joe Purcell
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|-
 
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|—
 
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|Joe Purcell
 
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|January 3 1979
 
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|January 9 1979
 
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|Democrat
 
−
|
 
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|Acting as governor for six days
 
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|
 
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|-
 
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|40
 
−
|[[Bill Clinton]]
 
−
|January 9 1979
 
−
|January 19 1981
 
−
|Democrat
 
−
|Joe Purcell
 
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|
 
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|
 
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|-
 
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|41
 
−
|Frank D. White
 
−
|January 19 1981
 
−
|January 11 1983
 
−
|Republican
 
−
|Winston Bryant
 
−
|
 
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|
 
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|-
 
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|42
 
−
|Bill Clinton
 
−
|January 11 1983
 
−
|December 12 1992
 
−
|Democrat
 
−
|Winston Bryant, Jim Guy Tucker
 
−
|Resigned; elected [[President of the United States]]
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|43
 
−
|Jim Guy Tucker
 
−
|December 12 1992
 
−
|July 15 1996
 
−
|Democrat
 
−
|[[Mike Huckabee]]
 
−
|Resigned; [[felony]] conviction ([[mail fraud]]) in the [[Whitewater scandal]]
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|44
 
−
|Mike Huckabee
 
−
|July 15 1996
 
−
|January 9 2007
 
−
|Republican
 
−
|Winthrop Paul Rockefeller
 
−
|Created "Tax-Me-More" fund to highlight Democrat/liberal hypocrisy on tax contributions
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|45
 
−
|Mike Beebe
 
−
|January 9 2007
 
−
|Current
 
−
|Democrat
 
−
|Bill Halter
 
−
|Term expires in 2011
 
−
|
 
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|}
 
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===references===
 
−
<references/>
 
−
 
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{{USstates}}
 

Revision as of 18:17, August 14, 2012

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