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|[[Age of Exploration]]

|[[Age of Exploration]]

|A time period where nation-states in Europe (mainly England France Portugal and Spain) embarked on expeditions to far lands.  The American continents were found during this period.

|A time period where nation-states in Europe (mainly England, France, Portugal and Spain) embarked on expeditions to distant lands.  The American continents were discovered during this period.

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|[[Balance of power]]

|[[balance of power]]

|the concept, first established by Europeon nations after the final defeat of Napoleon, whereby alliances called the Concert of Europe required nations to assist each other in order to defeat any one nation that became too power and started invading others.

|the concept, first established by Europeon nations after the final defeat of Napoleon, whereby alliances called the Concert of Europe required nations to assist each other in order to defeat any one nation that became too power and started invading others.

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|[[Bastille Day]]

|[[Bastille Day]]

|The day when French peasants invaded the huge Bastille prison in Paris, freeing the inmates. July 14, 1789 and started the Great Fear when riots broke out ever day, with peasants burning wealthy homes.

|(July 14, 1789) The day when French peasants invaded the huge Bastille prison in Paris, freeing political prisoners. This started the Great Fear when riots broke out ever day, with peasants burning wealthy homes.

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|[[Caravel]]

|[[caravel]]

| A miniature, highly maneuverable, light weight ship developed by the Portuguese. Often used to carry cargo.

| a miniature, highly maneuverable, lightweight ship developed by the Portuguese, which was often used to carry cargo.

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|[[Charles Darwin]]

|[[Charles Darwin]]

|(1809-1882)English naturalist who established the idea that all species had evolved into complex forms of life over millions of years through the process of "natural selection." Charles Darwin came up with the absurd theory of evolution.

|(1809-1882) English naturalist who proposed the theory of evolution: that all species had evolved into complex forms of life over millions of years through the process of "natural selection," or "survival of the fittest."

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|[[Charles Dickens]]

|[[Charles Dickens]]

|(1812-1870) Greatest English novelist of the Victorian period. Author of many iconic novels and characters which we admire to this day.

|(1812-1870) Greatest English novelist of the Victorian period, sympathizing with the poor. Author of many iconic novels and characters whom we admire to this day.

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|[[Georges Danton|Georges Jacques Danton]]

|[[Georges Danton|Georges Jacques Danton]]

|(26 October 1759 – 5 April 1794) Famous Jacobin, joined and fully supported revolution but when he saw the reign of terror, Danton took a moderate stance. Danton was subsequently executed.  

|(1759–1794) Famous Jacobin during the French Revolution who joined and fully supported revolution until he saw the reign of terror and started to change his mind. Danton was subsequently executed.  

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|[[Christopher Columbus]]

|[[Christopher Columbus]]

|(1451-1506)Italian explorer who sailed across the Atlantic ocean in search for a trade route to India, but landed on the "New World" instead.  

|(1451-1506) Italian explorer funded by Spain to sail across the Atlantic ocean in search for a trade route to India, and found the "New World" by accident instead.  

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|[[Congress of Vienna]]

|[[Congress of Vienna]]

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|[[David Ricardo]]

|[[David Ricardo]]

|(1772-1823) British political economist who wanted to support more trade between nations; known as one of the most influential classical economists.  

|(1772-1823) A British "classical economist" who advocated the advantages of more trade between nations.

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|[[David Livingstone]]

|[[David Livingstone]]

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|[[England]]

|[[England]]

|An imperialistic nation-state based out of the British isles off the coast of Europe.  England was also the largest non-contiguous empire in history.

|An imperialistic nation-state based out of the British isles off the western coast of Europe, which became so successful that it established the largest non-contiguous empire in history.

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|[[Emilio Aguinaldo]]

|[[Emilio Aguinaldo]]

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|[[Forbidden City]]

|[[Forbidden City]]

| Imperial palace located in Beijing, China. Used for twenty-four emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties.

| Imperial palace located in Beijing, China, which was used for twenty-four emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties.

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|[[Glorious Revolution]]

|[[Glorious Revolution]]

|Revolution that took place in England in the year 1688. Replaced King James II of England with a Anglican King and Queen, William and Mary.

|Revolution that took place in England in 1688, and replaced the Catholic King James II with the Anglican King and Queen, William and Mary.

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|[[Imperialism]]

|[[imperialism]]

|The practice of one nation controlling another nation, territory, or a group of people.  

|The practice of one strong nation controlling another weaker nation, territory, or a group of people.  

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|[[Impressionism]]

|[[Impressionism]]

|Type of painting that didn't focus on the detail but on the feeling and impressions.

|a type of painting that didn't focus on the detail but on the feeling and impressions.

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|[[Isaac Newton]]

|[[Isaac Newton]]

|(1643-1727) Man who discovered and explained the invisible force of gravity.

|(1643-1727) the Englishman who, inspired by daily readings of the Bible, developed calculus and discovered the invisible force of gravity

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|[[The Enlightenment]]

|[[The Enlightenment]]

|Characterized by rationalist philosophers challenging assumed beliefs up till the enlightenment. Possibly caused by the Scientific Revolution's ability to explain the universe. Highlights include Voltaire, Hume, Descartes, Kant, Smith, Burke, Jefferson, Locke, and Diderot.

|characterized by rationalist philosophers challenging assumed beliefs up till the enlightenment. Possibly caused by the Scientific Revolution's ability to explain the universe. Highlights include Voltaire, Hume, Descartes, Kant, Smith, Burke, Jefferson, Locke, and Diderot.

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|[[James Stuart]]

|[[James Stuart]]