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There was a civil war in Russia from 1918 to 1920 between Lenin's [[Red Army]] and the opposing western [[White Army]]. Ten million people died in the war and five million died in the resulting famine. The Red Army won.
There was a civil war in Russia from 1918 to 1920 between Lenin's [[Red Army]] and the opposing western [[White Army]]. Ten million people died in the war and five million died in the resulting famine. The Red Army won.
After the civil war, Russia was in economic ruins. Lenin announced his [[New Economic Plan]] (NEP) to restore trade and industry to the county. The NEP permitted some capitalism to create incentives, and it allowed some foreign investment. Peasants were permited sell surplus crops. Profits by merchants were allowed. But government still controlled all major industries. The private ownership only applied to small factories, farms and stores.
After the civil war, Russia was in economic ruins. Lenin announced his [[New Economic Policy]] (NEP) to restore trade and industry to the county. The NEP permitted some capitalism to create incentives, and it allowed some foreign investment. Peasants were permited sell surplus crops. Profits by merchants were allowed. But government still controlled all major industries. The private ownership only applied to small factories, farms and stores.
Politically, Lenin established the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]] (USSR) in 1922, allowing one central government under Lenin to control many socialized republics. In 1924, the [[Bolsheviks]] began calling themselves “Communists” and established a constitution. But there was only one political party, and it held all the power. It was the [[Communist Party]].
Politically, Lenin established the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]] (USSR) in 1922, allowing one central government under Lenin to control many socialized republics. In 1924, the [[Bolsheviks]] began calling themselves “Communists” and established a constitution. But there was only one political party, and it held all the power. It was the [[Communist Party]].