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Chemists and physicists working with [[gas]]es came to the realization that the conventional temperature scales were not adequate for characterizing the effect of temperature on the decrease in [[volume]] and [[pressure]] of gases with the corresponding decrease in the actual temperature of the gases.
Chemists and physicists working with [[gas]]es came to the realization that the conventional temperature scales were not adequate for characterizing the effect of temperature on the decrease in [[volume]] and [[pressure]] of gases with the corresponding decrease in the actual temperature of the gases.
Ultimately, they realized that if they could decrease the temperature of an [[Ideal Gas|ideal gas]] to a point where all [[molecular motion]] ceased, that would be a good "[[absolute zero]]" point. They found that this temperature would be -273.16 °C (-459.6 °F).
Ultimately, they realized that if they could decrease the temperature of an [[Ideal Gas|ideal gas]] to a point where all [[molecular motion]] ceased, that would be a good "[[absolute zero]]" point. They found that this temperature would be -273.16 °C (-459.6 °F).
==Kelvin scale==
==Kelvin scale==
The Kelvin scale, which is based on the Celsius scale, sets the absolute zero point at 0 Kelvin (or just 0K).
The Kelvin scale, which is based on the Celsius scale, sets the absolute zero point at 0 Kelvin (or just 0K).
Thus, the melting point of water would be 273.16 K (0°C + 273.16). Likewise, the boiling point of water is 373.16 K (100 °C + 273.16).
Thus, the melting point of water would be 273.16 K (0 °C + 273.16). Likewise, the boiling point of water is 373.16 K (100 °C + 273.16).
==Rankine scale==
==Rankine scale==
Like the Kelvin scale, the absolute zero temperature on the Rankine scale is at its zero point - 0°R. However, one degree on the Rankine scale is one degree on the Fahrenheit scale.
Like the Kelvin scale, the absolute zero temperature on the Rankine scale is at its zero point - 0°R. However, one degree on the Rankine scale is one degree on the Fahrenheit scale.
Thus, the freezing point of water would be 491.6 °R (32 °F + 459.6), and the boiling point of water would be 671.6 °R (212 °F + 459.6).
Thus, the freezing point of water would be 491.6 °R (32 °F + 459.6), and the boiling point of water would be 671.6 °R (212 °F + 459.6).
[[Category:Units of Temperature]]
[[Category:Units of Temperature]]