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An '''audio speaker''' is an electronic device which produces sound waves.  This is accomplished by causing vibrations which cause the air pressure to fluctuate slightly in waves.  The more rapid these fluctuations are (the higher the frequency of fluctuation) the higher the received pitch is.  The stronger each fluctuation is (the greater the amplitude), the greater the volume of the sound.

An '''audio speaker''' is an electronic device which produces sound waves.  This is accomplished by causing vibrations which cause the air pressure to fluctuate slightly in waves.  The more rapid these fluctuations are (the higher the frequency of fluctuation) the higher the received pitch is.  The stronger each fluctuation is (the greater the amplitude), the greater the volume of the sound.

==Operation==

==Operation==

In a traditional dynamic speaker, the voice coil is nothing more than a simple electromagnet. It is supplied with power to magnetize it, but the power flow is cycled from one direction to the other thus also toggling the magnetic field polarization (north to south and back again) many times per second during operation. Opposite to the electromagnet is a permanent magnet (which requires no power, and generates a static magnetic field).  Opposite magnetism attracts, while similar magnetism repels, so based on the charge put on the electromagnet, the two magnets either pull towards one another, or push away. Since the voice coil is attached to the back of the diaphragm, this movement causes the diaphragm itself to move. The diaphragm in turn moves the air molecules, causing high and low pressure waves to move out from it.  Now by adjusting the rate and strength of the electromagnet cycles, the sound waves' amplitude and frequency can be altered rapidly.  Once designed and configured properly, this device now produces whatever sound is desired, within the speaker's range of ability.<ref>http://centerpointaudio.com/HowSpeakersWork.aspx Retrieved September 30, 2016</ref><ref>http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/speaker6.htm Retrieved September 30, 2016</ref><br />

In a traditional dynamic speaker, the voice coil is nothing more than a simple electromagnet. It is supplied with power to magnetize it, but the power flow is cycled from one direction to the other thus also toggling the magnetic field polarization (north to south and back again) many times per second during operation. Opposite to the electromagnet is a permanent magnet (which requires no power, and generates a static magnetic field).  Opposite magnetism attracts, while similar magnetism repels, so based on the charge put on the electromagnet, the two magnets either pull towards one another, or push away. Since the voice coil is attached to the back of the diaphragm, this movement causes the diaphragm itself to move. The diaphragm in turn moves the air molecules, causing high and low pressure waves to move out from it.  Now by adjusting the rate and strength of the electromagnet cycles, the sound waves' amplitude and frequency can be altered rapidly.  Once designed and configured properly, this device now produces whatever sound is desired, within the speaker's range of ability.<ref>http://centerpointaudio.com/HowSpeakersWork.aspx Retrieved September 30, 2016</ref><ref>http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/speaker6.htm Retrieved September 30, 2016</ref><br />

However, each driver does have limitations.  The human ear can perceive a much greater range of tones than a driver can produce.  For this reason, most speakers include multiple drivers.  Although drivers can be produced to best output any variety of tones, they are generally given the classification of as Woofers, Tweeters, or Midrange.<br />

However, each driver does have limitations.  The human ear can perceive a much greater range of tones than a driver can produce.  For this reason, most speakers include multiple drivers.  Although drivers can be produced to best output any variety of tones, they are generally given the classification of as Woofers, Tweeters, or Midrange.<br />