Difference between revisions of "Victor Berger"
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[[Image:Berger.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Victor Berger]] | [[Image:Berger.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Victor Berger]] | ||
| − | '''Victor Luitpold Berger''' (February 28, 1860 – | + | '''Victor Luitpold Berger''' (February 28, 1860 – July 16, 1929) was a journalist<ref name=blue>[https://books.google.com/books?id=asFWAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA458 The Wisconsin Blue Book]</ref> and a founder of the [[Socialist Labor Party]] in the [[United States]]. He was the first socialist elected to the [[U.S. House of Representatives]], in 1910. [[Socialism]] has never taken root in the United States, except perhaps in certain industries such as [[health care]]. [[Socialism]] is prevalent in western [[Europe]] today. |
==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
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Berger opposed America's entry into [[World War 1]], which made him a target of the [[Wilson administration]].<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9B06E6D71538EE32A25753C1A9659C946996D6CF BERGER INDICTED FOR CONSPIRACY; Ex-Congressman and Three Chicago Socialists Accused of Spreading Disloyalty. JURY CITES 26 OVERT ACTS Irwin St. John Tucker, J.L. Engdahl, and William Kruse Codefendants with Berger.]</ref> | Berger opposed America's entry into [[World War 1]], which made him a target of the [[Wilson administration]].<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9B06E6D71538EE32A25753C1A9659C946996D6CF BERGER INDICTED FOR CONSPIRACY; Ex-Congressman and Three Chicago Socialists Accused of Spreading Disloyalty. JURY CITES 26 OVERT ACTS Irwin St. John Tucker, J.L. Engdahl, and William Kruse Codefendants with Berger.]</ref> | ||
| − | ===Indictment=== | + | ===Indictment and prison=== |
On February 2, 1918, Victor L. Berger, together with Adolph Germer, J. Louis Engdahl, William F. Kruse, and Irwin St. John Tucker, were indicted by the grand Jury in the district court of the United States for the northern district of Illinois for a violation of sections 3 and 4 of title 7 of the espionage act.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=zDs4AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA9148 Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the Congress, Volume 58, Part 9]</ref> | On February 2, 1918, Victor L. Berger, together with Adolph Germer, J. Louis Engdahl, William F. Kruse, and Irwin St. John Tucker, were indicted by the grand Jury in the district court of the United States for the northern district of Illinois for a violation of sections 3 and 4 of title 7 of the espionage act.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=zDs4AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA9148 Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the Congress, Volume 58, Part 9]</ref> | ||
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| + | In 1919, Berger was sentences to 20 years in prison, but the conviction was overturned in 1921.<ref name="Odd">[http://host.madison.com/wsj/news/local/odd-wisconsin-socialism-was-mainstream-in-wisconsin-years-ago/article_3e5a9ada-ae54-5e4e-9ae4-72515156bfb0.html Odd Wisconsin: Socialism was mainstream in Wisconsin 100 years ago]. ''Wisconsin State Journal'' (by the ''Wiscosnin Historical Society''). Retrieved November 24, 2016.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Later life== | ||
| + | Berger was re-elected to Congress, and on July 16, 1929 he was killed in a streetcar accident in Milwaukee.<ref name="Odd"/> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 14:52, November 24, 2016
Victor Luitpold Berger (February 28, 1860 – July 16, 1929) was a journalist[1] and a founder of the Socialist Labor Party in the United States. He was the first socialist elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, in 1910. Socialism has never taken root in the United States, except perhaps in certain industries such as health care. Socialism is prevalent in western Europe today.
Early life
Berger was born on February 28, 1860, in Nieder-Rehbach, Austria, and was educated in the Universities of Budapest and Vienna.[1]
He emigrated to the United States in 1878.[2]
Biography
He was a member of the International Typographical union and served as a delegate to the conventions of the American Federation of Labor.[1]
He was the editor of the Milwaukee Leader, a Wisconsin newspaper.
In 1897 he married Meta Schlichting.[3]
Socialist Activities
After helping to found the Socialist party, he was a persistent member of its National Executive Committee. He also represented the party in Brussels at sessions of the International Socialist Bureau.[1]
Election to Congress
He was the Socialist candidate for United States Senator in the special election in April, 1918, and was elected to Congress in November.[1]
World War 1
Berger opposed America's entry into World War 1, which made him a target of the Wilson administration.[4]
Indictment and prison
On February 2, 1918, Victor L. Berger, together with Adolph Germer, J. Louis Engdahl, William F. Kruse, and Irwin St. John Tucker, were indicted by the grand Jury in the district court of the United States for the northern district of Illinois for a violation of sections 3 and 4 of title 7 of the espionage act.[5]
In 1919, Berger was sentences to 20 years in prison, but the conviction was overturned in 1921.[6]
Later life
Berger was re-elected to Congress, and on July 16, 1929 he was killed in a streetcar accident in Milwaukee.[6]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 The Wisconsin Blue Book
- ↑ Certified Copy of the Testimony of Victor L. Berger at the Trail of the Case of the United States Vs. Berger Et Al. in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division
- ↑ Berger, Meta Schlichting
- ↑ BERGER INDICTED FOR CONSPIRACY; Ex-Congressman and Three Chicago Socialists Accused of Spreading Disloyalty. JURY CITES 26 OVERT ACTS Irwin St. John Tucker, J.L. Engdahl, and William Kruse Codefendants with Berger.
- ↑ Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the Congress, Volume 58, Part 9
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Odd Wisconsin: Socialism was mainstream in Wisconsin 100 years ago. Wisconsin State Journal (by the Wiscosnin Historical Society). Retrieved November 24, 2016.