Changes

By 2017, the imposition of [[tariff]]s by U.S. President [[Donald J. Trump]] began to redress the imbalance.  China's economy was developed over those early decades of the 21st century as a coastal, manufacturing economy entirely dependent on exports.  Young people left their home villages in the countryside to seek work in coastal factories. The prosperity was all built on access to the U.S. consumer market, and Americans' appetite for cheap manufactured goods. Scant attention was paid to developing a domestic service sector economy, while the vast interior remained impoverished, and increasingly so as young people abandoned rural agricultural work for urban factory work.

By 2017, the imposition of [[tariff]]s by U.S. President [[Donald J. Trump]] began to redress the imbalance.  China's economy was developed over those early decades of the 21st century as a coastal, manufacturing economy entirely dependent on exports.  Young people left their home villages in the countryside to seek work in coastal factories. The prosperity was all built on access to the U.S. consumer market, and Americans' appetite for cheap manufactured goods. Scant attention was paid to developing a domestic service sector economy, while the vast interior remained impoverished, and increasingly so as young people abandoned rural agricultural work for urban factory work.

==Monroe Doctrine==

 

===Monroe Doctrine===

:{{See also|Monroe Doctrine}}

:{{See also|Monroe Doctrine}}

After the Napoleonic wars (which ended in 1815), almost all of [[Latin America]] revolted against Spanish or Portuguese rule and declared independence.<ref>The main exceptions were the West Indies islands especially Cuba and [[Puerto Rico]] which remained with Spain until 1898.</ref> Americans welcomed this development as a validation of the spirit of [[Republicanism]]. [[John Adams]] suggested delay in formal recognition until Florida was secured in 1819. The whole problem of imperial invasion was intensified by a [[Russia]]n claim to the Pacific coast down to the fifty-first parallel and simultaneous European pressure to have all of Latin America returned to its colonial status. In March 1822 President [[James Monroe]] informed Congress that permanent stable governments had been established in the United Provinces of La Plata (present-day Argentina), Chile, Peru, Colombia, and Mexico. Adams, under Monroe's careful supervision, wrote the instructions for the ministers (ambassadors) to these new countries. They declared that the policy of the United States was to uphold republican institutions and to seek treaties of commerce on a [[most-favored-nation]] basis. The United States would support inter-American congresses dedicated to the development of economic and political institutions fundamentally differing from those prevailing in Europe. The articulation of an "American system" distinct from that of Europe was a basic tenet of Monroe's policy toward Latin  America. Monroe took pride as the United States was the first nation to extend recognition and to set an example to the rest of the world for its support of the "cause of [[liberty]] and humanity."

After the Napoleonic wars (which ended in 1815), almost all of [[Latin America]] revolted against Spanish or Portuguese rule and declared independence.<ref>The main exceptions were the West Indies islands especially Cuba and [[Puerto Rico]] which remained with Spain until 1898.</ref> Americans welcomed this development as a validation of the spirit of [[Republicanism]]. [[John Adams]] suggested delay in formal recognition until Florida was secured in 1819. The whole problem of imperial invasion was intensified by a [[Russia]]n claim to the Pacific coast down to the fifty-first parallel and simultaneous European pressure to have all of Latin America returned to its colonial status. In March 1822 President [[James Monroe]] informed Congress that permanent stable governments had been established in the United Provinces of La Plata (present-day Argentina), Chile, Peru, Colombia, and Mexico. Adams, under Monroe's careful supervision, wrote the instructions for the ministers (ambassadors) to these new countries. They declared that the policy of the United States was to uphold republican institutions and to seek treaties of commerce on a [[most-favored-nation]] basis. The United States would support inter-American congresses dedicated to the development of economic and political institutions fundamentally differing from those prevailing in Europe. The articulation of an "American system" distinct from that of Europe was a basic tenet of Monroe's policy toward Latin  America. Monroe took pride as the United States was the first nation to extend recognition and to set an example to the rest of the world for its support of the "cause of [[liberty]] and humanity."

==Jay Treaty==

===Jay Treaty===

:{{See also|Jay Treaty}}

:{{See also|Jay Treaty}}

Both The United States and Britain achieved many objectives with the 1794 Jay Treaty.  The British agreed to vacate the six western forts by June 1796 (which was done), and to compensate American ship owners (the British paid $10,345,200 by 1802).<ref>Wayne S. Cole, ''An Interpretive History of American Foreign Relations,'' (1974) P. 55.</ref>  In return, the Americans gave "most favored nation" trading status to the British, and acquiesced in British anti-French maritime policies.  The United States guaranteed the payment of private prewar debts owed by Americans to British merchants that could not be collected in U.S. courts (the U.S. paid £600,000 in 1802).  Jay, a strong opponent of slavery, dropped the issue of compensation for [[slave]]s, which angered Southern slaveowners.  Jay was unsuccessful in negotiating an end to the impressment of American sailors into the Royal Navy, which later became one of the key issues that led to the [[War of 1812]].  Article III declared the right of [[Native American|Indians]] to trade and travel between the United States and British Canada.

Both The United States and Britain achieved many objectives with the 1794 Jay Treaty.  The British agreed to vacate the six western forts by June 1796 (which was done), and to compensate American ship owners (the British paid $10,345,200 by 1802).<ref>Wayne S. Cole, ''An Interpretive History of American Foreign Relations,'' (1974) P. 55.</ref>  In return, the Americans gave "most favored nation" trading status to the British, and acquiesced in British anti-French maritime policies.  The United States guaranteed the payment of private prewar debts owed by Americans to British merchants that could not be collected in U.S. courts (the U.S. paid £600,000 in 1802).  Jay, a strong opponent of slavery, dropped the issue of compensation for [[slave]]s, which angered Southern slaveowners.  Jay was unsuccessful in negotiating an end to the impressment of American sailors into the Royal Navy, which later became one of the key issues that led to the [[War of 1812]].  Article III declared the right of [[Native American|Indians]] to trade and travel between the United States and British Canada.