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Cleveland was the leader of the [[Bourbon Democrats]], the [[bourgeois]] wing of the party.  They represented business [[elitism|elites]], supported banking and railroad goals, promoted capitalism, opposed the annexation of [[Hawaii]], fought for the [[gold standard]], and opposed [[Bimetallism]].  They strongly supported ending Republican spoils with the [[Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act|Civil Service Reform Act]] and opposed corruption of city bosses, leading the fight against the Tweed Ring.  The leading Bourbons included [[Samuel J. Tilden]], David Bennett Hill and William C. Whitney of New York, Arthur Pue Gorman of Maryland, Thomas F. Bayard of Delaware, William L. Wilson of West Virginia, [[John Griffin Carlisle]] of Kentucky, William F. Vilas of Wisconsin, J. Sterling Morton of Nebraska, John M. Palmer of Illinois, Horace Boies of Iowa, L.Q.C. Lamar of Mississippi, and railroad builder James J. Hill of Minnesota. A prominent intellectual was pro-segregationist  [[Woodrow Wilson]]. The Bourbons were in power when the [[Panic of 1893]] hit; it was a deep depression and they took the blame.  A fierce struggle inside the party ensued, with catastrophic losses for both the Bourbon and agrarian factions in 1894, leading to the showdown in 1896.

Cleveland was the leader of the [[Bourbon Democrats]], the [[bourgeois]] wing of the party.  They represented business [[elitism|elites]], supported banking and railroad goals, promoted capitalism, opposed the annexation of [[Hawaii]], fought for the [[gold standard]], and opposed [[Bimetallism]].  They strongly supported ending Republican spoils with the [[Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act|Civil Service Reform Act]] and opposed corruption of city bosses, leading the fight against the Tweed Ring.  The leading Bourbons included [[Samuel J. Tilden]], David Bennett Hill and William C. Whitney of New York, Arthur Pue Gorman of Maryland, Thomas F. Bayard of Delaware, William L. Wilson of West Virginia, [[John Griffin Carlisle]] of Kentucky, William F. Vilas of Wisconsin, J. Sterling Morton of Nebraska, John M. Palmer of Illinois, Horace Boies of Iowa, L.Q.C. Lamar of Mississippi, and railroad builder James J. Hill of Minnesota. A prominent intellectual was pro-segregationist  [[Woodrow Wilson]]. The Bourbons were in power when the [[Panic of 1893]] hit; it was a deep depression and they took the blame.  A fierce struggle inside the party ensued, with catastrophic losses for both the Bourbon and agrarian factions in 1894, leading to the showdown in 1896.

===Bryan and anti-Semitism===

===Bryan and antisemitism===

[[Grover Cleveland]] led the [[bourgeois]] [[Bourbon Democrat]]s but as the [[Panic of 1893|depression of 1893]] deepened his enemies multiplied. The Panic of 1893 started in February 1893, a full month before Cleveland became president. Convinced that the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, passed under the administration of [[Benjamin Harrison]], was largely responsible for the alarming drain on federal gold, President Cleveland called Congress into special session to urge its repeal. Congress consented, but only after bitter debate that divided the Democratic party into two hostile camps-the eastern "goldbugs" and the silver wing of the West and South that was to propel young [[William Jennings Bryan]] to the fore in 1896.<ref name="presidents" />  

[[Grover Cleveland]] led the [[bourgeois]] [[Bourbon Democrat]]s but as the [[Panic of 1893|depression of 1893]] deepened his enemies multiplied. The Panic of 1893 started in February 1893, a full month before Cleveland became president. Convinced that the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, passed under the administration of [[Benjamin Harrison]], was largely responsible for the alarming drain on federal gold, President Cleveland called Congress into special session to urge its repeal. Congress consented, but only after bitter debate that divided the Democratic party into two hostile camps-the eastern "goldbugs" and the silver wing of the West and South that was to propel young [[William Jennings Bryan]] to the fore in 1896.<ref name="presidents" />