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→Other aspects of Islam
===Anti-science===
===Anti-science===
Modern science started in Christian Europe, not the Islamic world, and not even China. The Islamic world has not accomplished anything major in the sciences, unless copying counts. The Muslims borrowed their architecture from the Byzantines. For example, the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem was built and designed by Byzantine craftsmen. Thousands of years before Muhammad was born, the Greeks discovered algebra and the Persians built the first astrolabe, though no denying that the Arabs were influential in naming it. After Greece and China established academies with Syrian Christians starting the School of Nisibis, the first school of higher education to achieve university status was the University of Bologna, while Al-Ahzar University was established as a madrassa around 970 AD, but did not achieve university status until 990 years later; the first hospital was built by the heretical Nestorians. The Indian numerals were actually modified in Europe, but ironically, the Arabic language was the last one to adopt the modified version.
Modern science started in Christian Europe, not the Islamic world, and not even China. The Islamic world has not accomplished anything major in the sciences, unless copying counts. The Muslims borrowed their architecture from the Byzantines. For example, the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem was built and designed by Byzantine craftsmen. Thousands of years before Muhammad was born, the Greeks discovered algebra and the Persians built the first astrolabe, though no denying that the Arabs were influential in naming it. After Greece and China established academies with Syrian Christians starting the School of Nisibis, the first school of higher education to achieve university status was the University of Bologna, while Al-Ahzar University was established as a madrassa around 970 AD, but did not achieve university status until 990 years later; the first hospital was built by the heretical Nestorians. The Indian numerals were actually modified in Europe, but ironically, the Arabic language was the last one to adopt the modified version.
==Taqiyya==
'''Taqiyya''' (al-Taqiyya, also spelled Al-Takeyya) is a concept in ([[Shia]]) [[Islam]]<ref>"Taqiyah" Oxford Dictionary of Islam. John L. Esposito, Ed. Oxford University Press. 2003. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. Accessed 9 June 2006.</ref> of deception (- of the "infidel").<ref>[https://www.meforum.org/2095/islams-doctrines-of-deception Islam's doctrines of deception]. By Raymond Ibrahim.
Jane's Islamic Affairs Analyst.
October 2008.</ref><ref>Carol, S. (2019). [https://books.google.com/books?id=trqzDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT337 Understanding the Volatile and Dangerous Middle East: A Comprehensive Analysis]. United States: iUniverse.
"taqiyya—the Master of Deception."</ref> It encourages [[lie|lying]] and [[deceit]] by "disguising one's beliefs, intentions, convictions, ideas, feelings, opinions or strategies,"<ref name="Islam watch">http://www.islam-watch.org/Warner/Taqiyya-Islamic-Principle-Lying-for-Allah.htm [https://archive.ph/aoC0]</ref> especially when failing to do so may put the believer at risk.<ref name="islamtoday.com">IslamToday.com, ''Rulings Regarding the Concealment of Faith'', retrieved 10/16/08 [http://www.islamtoday.com/showme_beta.cfm?cat_id=2&sub_cat_id=653]</ref> It is authorized under the [[Koran]] and Sunna.{{fact}}
Taqiyya allows a Muslim even "to deny or denounce his faith if, in so doing, he protects or furthers the interests of Islam, so long as he remains faithful to Islam in his heart."<ref name="Islam watch"/> Taqiyya further permits "lying under oath in testimony before a court, deceiving by making distorted statements to the media such as the claim that Islam is a 'religion of peace.'" It can be used to lure credibility and to advance Islam and its expansion.<ref name="Islam watch"/>
==Historical background==
==Historical background==