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== Communist Infiltration ==

== Communist Infiltration ==

After World War II, the Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.) and its communism became an enemy of the freedom embraced by the United States.  Soon there was infiltration by communists into American government.  In 1947, President Truman instituted Loyalty Boards to check on government employees to ensure they were not communists attempting to overthrow our form of government.

Even before World War II, the Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.) and its communism became an enemy of the freedom embraced by the United States.  Soon there was infiltration by communists into American government.  The Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb for the United States (and so named because its first office was in Manhattan), had at least two spies who independently leaked secrets to the communist Soviet Union during World War II.

 

After the war, in 1947, President Truman instituted Loyalty Boards to check on government employees to ensure they were not communists attempting to overthrow our form of government.

From 1948 through 1950, a young congressman named Richard Nixon held hearings for the House Un-American Activities Committee, which investigated communists who had infiltrated government and Hollywood.  The most famous hearings concerned the investigation into Alger Hiss, one of FDR's top aides.  Hiss dramatically denied that he was a communist, but it was later proven that he was.  The Committee also investigated the "Hollywood Ten" to try to root out communism in Hollywood.

From 1948 through 1950, a young congressman named Richard Nixon held hearings for the House Un-American Activities Committee, which investigated communists who had infiltrated government and Hollywood.  The most famous hearings concerned the investigation into Alger Hiss, one of FDR's top aides.  Hiss dramatically denied that he was a communist, but it was later proven that he was.  The Committee also investigated the "Hollywood Ten" to try to root out communism in Hollywood.