Changes

When [[Franklin Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] asked the [[Secretary of State]] "to get a lawyer to consult with him over the wording of the Polish boundary statement," wrote Stettinius, "I called Alger Hiss."<ref>Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=IjhQ_gsiCzwC Roosevelt and the Russians]'' (Whitefish, Mont.: Kettinger Publishing, 2005) ISBN 1419103105, p. 270</ref> The U.S. ended up ceding eastern Poland to the Soviet Union,<ref>Gregor Dallas, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=LXdVF6LmTa8C 1945: The War That Never Ended]'' (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005) ISBN 0300109806, p. 557</ref> essentially ratifying the deal [[Stalin]] had made with [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]] in the "[http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/pdfs/NonAggressionPact.pdf secret protocols]" of the [[Nazi-Soviet pact]]. U.S. Ambassador to Poland Arthur Bliss Lane resigned in protest, writing, "As I glanced over the document, I could not believe my eyes: To me, almost every line spoke of a surrender to Stalin."<ref>Arthur Bliss Lane, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=SzQrAAAAIAAJ&pgis=1 I Saw Poland Betrayed: An American Ambassador Reports to the American People]'' (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1948) ASIN B000NWTIF8, p. 56</ref>

When [[Franklin Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] asked the [[Secretary of State]] "to get a lawyer to consult with him over the wording of the Polish boundary statement," wrote Stettinius, "I called Alger Hiss."<ref>Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=IjhQ_gsiCzwC Roosevelt and the Russians]'' (Whitefish, Mont.: Kettinger Publishing, 2005) ISBN 1419103105, p. 270</ref> The U.S. ended up ceding eastern Poland to the Soviet Union,<ref>Gregor Dallas, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=LXdVF6LmTa8C 1945: The War That Never Ended]'' (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005) ISBN 0300109806, p. 557</ref> essentially ratifying the deal [[Stalin]] had made with [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]] in the "[http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/pdfs/NonAggressionPact.pdf secret protocols]" of the [[Nazi-Soviet pact]]. U.S. Ambassador to Poland Arthur Bliss Lane resigned in protest, writing, "As I glanced over the document, I could not believe my eyes: To me, almost every line spoke of a surrender to Stalin."<ref>Arthur Bliss Lane, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=SzQrAAAAIAAJ&pgis=1 I Saw Poland Betrayed: An American Ambassador Reports to the American People]'' (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1948) ASIN B000NWTIF8, p. 56</ref>

Another [http://www.un.org/depts/dhl/unationsday/docs/hiss13february11october90.pdf secret agreement]<ref>According to Hiss, the agreement to give the Soviets three votes in the UN to one for the U.S. “was not put in the communiqué" containing the public Yalta agreement. It was, he said, an "oral agreement ... that the Russians would being their two delegations [''Sic''&mdash;actually three delegations&mdash;the Soviet Union, Ukraine, and Byelorussia] to [the UN Charter Conference in] San Francisco, propose them for admission [to the United Nations], and we [the United States] would agree. But it would not be announced in advance.” [http://www.un.org/depts/dhl/unationsday/docs/hiss13february11october90.pdf Alger Hiss on the Founding of the UN] (Yale UN Oral History Project), p. 18 (PDF p. 19)</ref> gave the [[Soviet Union]] three votes in the UN to one for the U.S.; this agreement would [http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Yalta_Conference.aspx not be disclosed] until 1947. [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1947/mar/24/yalta-and-potsdam-agreements-publication Yet another] "secret codicil," dated March 31, 1945, forced "repatriation" of some [http://www.fff.org/freedom/0495a.asp two million] refugees (including [http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/herman200502110737.asp 1.5 million POWs]) for [http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/lubini.htm slave] [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_3_transcript.pdf labor] or [http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/herman200502110737.asp death in the Gulag].<ref>Nikolai Tolstoy, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=u-dvAAAAIAAJ&pgis=1 The Secret Betrayal]'' (New York: Scribner, 1978) ISBN 0684156350; Julius Epstein, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=_3kNAAAAIAAJ&pgis=1 Operation Keelhaul: The Story of Forced Repatriation from 1944 to the Present]'' (Old Greenwich, Conn.: Devin-Adair Co., 1973) ISBN 978-0815964070</ref> That agreement was kept secret from the American people for ''[http://www.fff.org/freedom/0495a.asp fifty years]''. Asked if he had "drafted or participated in the drafting" of parts of the Yalta agreement, Hiss would testify, "I think it is accurate and not an immodest statement to say that [http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-5testimony.html I did to some extent, yes]."

Another [http://www.un.org/depts/dhl/unationsday/docs/hiss13february11october90.pdf secret agreement]<ref>According to Hiss, the agreement to give the Soviets three votes in the UN to one for the U.S. “was not put in the communiqué" containing the public Yalta agreement. It was, he said, an "oral agreement ... that the Russians would being their two delegations [''Sic''&mdash;actually three delegations&mdash;the Soviet Union, Ukraine, and Byelorussia] to [the UN Charter Conference in] San Francisco, propose them for admission [to the United Nations], and we [the United States] would agree. But it would not be announced in advance.” [http://www.un.org/depts/dhl/unationsday/docs/hiss13february11october90.pdf Alger Hiss on the Founding of the UN] (Yale UN Oral History Project), p. 18 (PDF p. 19)</ref> gave the [[Soviet Union]] three votes in the UN to one for the U.S. Later urging [[Franklin Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] to tell the [[U.S.]] delegation to the UN founding conference "the whole truth" about this agreement (which he called "this X-matter"), Stettinius advised [[FDR]] (who would be dead in less than a month) to have Hiss with him when he broke the news to the [[American]] delegates.<ref>Edward R. Stettinius Jr., ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=v9N3AAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 The Diaries of Edward R Stettinius Jr , 1943-1946]'', edited by Thomas M. Campbell and George C. Herring (New York: New Viewpoints, 1975), ISBN 0531055701, pp. 305-306</ref> This agreement would [http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Yalta_Conference.aspx not be disclosed] until 1947.

 

[http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1947/mar/24/yalta-and-potsdam-agreements-publication Yet another] "secret codicil," dated March 31, 1945, forced "repatriation" of some [http://www.fff.org/freedom/0495a.asp two million] refugees (including [http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/herman200502110737.asp 1.5 million POWs]) for [http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/lubini.htm slave] [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_3_transcript.pdf labor] or [http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/herman200502110737.asp death in the Gulag].<ref>Nikolai Tolstoy, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=u-dvAAAAIAAJ&pgis=1 The Secret Betrayal]'' (New York: Scribner, 1978) ISBN 0684156350; Julius Epstein, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=_3kNAAAAIAAJ&pgis=1 Operation Keelhaul: The Story of Forced Repatriation from 1944 to the Present]'' (Old Greenwich, Conn.: Devin-Adair Co., 1973) ISBN 978-0815964070</ref> That agreement was kept secret from the American people for ''[http://www.fff.org/freedom/0495a.asp fifty years]''. Asked if he had "drafted or participated in the drafting" of parts of the Yalta agreement, Hiss would testify, "I think it is accurate and not an immodest statement to say that [http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-5testimony.html I did to some extent, yes]."

==='ALES'===

==='ALES'===