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Bed bugs have been plaguing humans since ancient times. Aristophanes wrote “The Clouds” in 423 B.C. referring to bed bugs living in a couch. Eva Panagiotakopulu, a University of Sheffield archaeologist, found that bed bugs have lived with man for at least 3500 years. <ref>http://www.stephentvedten.com/18_Bed_Bug_Control.pdf</ref>

Bed bugs have been plaguing humans since ancient times. Aristophanes wrote “The Clouds” in 423 B.C. referring to bed bugs living in a couch. Eva Panagiotakopulu, a University of Sheffield archaeologist, found that bed bugs have lived with man for at least 3500 years. <ref>http://www.stephentvedten.com/18_Bed_Bug_Control.pdf</ref>

Bed bugs spread throughout Europe and Asia, reaching Italy by 100 A.D., China by 600 A.D., and Germany and France in the 1200s and 1400s, and are mentioned in medieval European texts and in classical Greek writings back to the time of Aristotle. The earliest record of bed bugs in England is that of 1583. Migrating with European explorers to America, infestations first arose in busy seaport towns, and  later on appearing farther inland. This pattern that was repeated in the late 1990s, with the reports of infestations first coming from such gateway cities as [[New York]], [[Los Angeles]], [[San Francisco]] and [[Miami]]. <ref>http://www.pctonline.com/Article.aspx?article_id=37608</ref> A 1920s guide advises treating infested mattresses with "high-test gasoline" and 1935 guide prescribed powdered calcium cyanide.   

Bed bugs spread throughout Europe and Asia, reaching Italy by 100 A.D., China by 600 A.D., and Germany and France in the 1200s and 1400s, and are mentioned in medieval European texts and in classical Greek writings back to the time of Aristotle. The earliest record of bed bugs in England is that of 1583. Migrating with European explorers to America, infestations first arose in busy seaport towns, and  later on appearing farther inland. This pattern that was repeated in the late 1990s, with the reports of infestations first coming from such gateway cities as [[New York]], [[Los Angeles]], [[San Francisco]] and [[Miami]]. <ref>http://www.pctonline.com/Article.aspx?article_id=37608</ref> A 1920s guide advises treating infested mattresses with "high-test gasoline" and a 1935 guide prescribed powdered calcium cyanide.   

In the 1800's, bed bugs were significant pest in parts of both the United States and the United Kingdom.  Government Entomologist  Dr. Riley, PhD, described the ubiquity of bed bugs in 1889:

In the 1800's, bed bugs were significant pest in parts of both the United States and the United Kingdom.  Government Entomologist  Dr. Riley, PhD, described the ubiquity of bed bugs in 1889: