Changes

|-

|-

|[[Ferdinand and Isabella]]

|[[Ferdinand and Isabella]]

|Ferdinand and Isabella were the king and queen of Spain in the late fifteenth century A.D. They were patrons of Christopher Columbus. After reconquering the small Moorish Kingdom of Granada, they established the Spanish Inquisition (1478) and expelled the Jews and Muslims from Spain in 1492.

|The King and Queen of Spain in the late 1400s, who expelled Muslims from Spain and then funded Columbus's voyages

|-

|-

|William and Mary

|William and Mary

|William III (1650-1702 A.D.) was the king of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1682 to 1702 A.D..They both founded the college of William and Mary in 1693. He ruled along with Queen Mary II (1662-1694 A.D.) until she died. William continued to rule until his death in 1702.

|ruled England, Scotland, and Ireland in the late 1600s, and founded the college of William and Mary in the Virginia colony in 1693

|-

|-

|Reconquista

|Reconquista

|(AD 722-1492) Was the regaining by Christians of Spain and Portugal, which had been under Muslim control.

|(AD 722-1492) was the regaining by Christians of Spain and Portugal, which had been under Muslim control

|-

|-

|Treaty of Tordesillas

|Treaty of Tordesillas

|-

|-

|Results of Magellan's voyage

|Results of Magellan's voyage

|Spain gained control of many South American territories, including Peru; Spain also obtained control over the Philippines in the Far East.

|Spain gained control of many South American territories, including Peru, plus the Philippines in the Far East

|-

|-

|[[Otto von Bismarck]]

|[[Otto von Bismarck]]

|(1815-1898) Was the minister president of Prussia (1862-71), and the first chancellor of the German Empire (1871-90). Known as the "Iron Chancellor," he was a very skilled statesman and diplomat who unified Germany as a nation in the 1860s and arranged for wars against other nations (first against Denmark, then against Austria and finally against France) in order to help unify the German people against outside enemies. 

|(1815-1898) leader of Prussia (1862-71) and the first chancellor of the German Empire (1871-90). Known as the "Iron Chancellor," he was a skilled politician who unified Germany as a nation in the 1860s by arranging for wars against other nations (first against Denmark, then against Austria and finally against France)

|-

|-

|[[Napoleon III]]

|[[Napoleon III]]

|Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (20 April 1808 – 9 January 1873) was the President of the French Second Republic and as Napoleon III, the ruler of the Second French Empire.

|Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (1808-1873) President of the French Second Republic

|-

|-

|First French Empire

|First French Empire

|(1804-1814/1815) Was the empire of Napoleon I of France, and was a dominant power of most of continental Europe during the early 19th century.

|(1804-1814/1815) was the empire of Napoleon I of France, and the dominant power of continental Europe

|-

|-

|Second French Empire

|Second French Empire

|-

|-

|George Washington

|George Washington

|(1732-1799) first President of the United States (1789-1797) and Commander In Chief of the Continental Army. He was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775-1797, leading the American victory over Britain in the American Revolution and was the unanimous choice to serve as President. He voluntarily stepped down from office in 1796.

|(1732-1799) first President of the United States (1789-1797) and Commander In Chief of the Continental Army. He was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775-1797, leading the American victory over Britain in the American Revolution and then became the unanimous choice to serve as President, until he voluntarily gave up power at the end of his elected term in 1796.

|-

|-

|[[United Kingdom]]

|[[United Kingdom]]

|The term "United Kingdom" refers to the combination of "Great Britain" and "Northern Ireland" which is part of the island of Ireland.

|the combination of "Great Britain" and "Northern Ireland," which is part of the island of Ireland.

|-

|-

|[[Luddites]]

|[[Luddites]]

| A social movement in England that rioted and protested against the changes of the Industrial Revolution.

|a social movement in England that rioted and protested against the changes of the Industrial Revolution

|-

|-

|[[Ludwig van Beethoven]]

|[[Ludwig van Beethoven]]

|(1770-1827) revolutionized instrumental music and took it to new heights never thought possible. Beethoven became totally deaf at the age of forty. He wrote most of his best music while he was total deaf.

|(1770-1827) revolutionized instrumental music and took it to new heights never thought possible, despite being totally deaf when he did his best compositions

|-

|-

|King Henry VIII

|King Henry VIII

|(lived 1491-1547, reigned beginning in 1509) Founded the Church of England (the Anglican Church)

|(lived 1491-1547, reigned beginning in 1509) founded the Church of England (the Anglican Church) due to his dispute with the Catholic Church over its denial of his request to obtain a divorce

|-

|-

|France

|France

|A nation-state in Europe that was ruled by a monarch until the French Revolution.

|a nation-state in Europe that was ruled by a monarch until the French Revolution

|-

|-

|Prussia

|Prussia

|a very militaristic nation-state in Europe in part of the area where Germany is today

|a very militaristic nation-state in Europe in part of the area where Germany is today

|-

|-

|The Communist Manifesto

|The Communist Manifesto

|factors of production

|factors of production

|Inputs used by companies to produce goods. Basic models of production have two input factors, labor and capital.

|Inputs used by companies to produce goods. Basic models of production have two input factors, labor and capital.

|}

|}

[[Category:World History lectures]]

[[Category:World History lectures]]