Difference between revisions of "Pelopennesian War"

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(Redirect to correct spelling, PelopOnnesian war, and merge)
 
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The Pelopennesian War was a war between [[Athens]] and [[Sparta]] from dominance in [[Greece]].  The war lasted from 431 to 404 BC.  Sparta defeated Athens.
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#REDIRECT [[Peloponnesian War]]
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In 431 B.C. a war erupted between Athens and Sparta and its allies.  Athens controlled the sea but Sparta had a strong army, and the irresistible force had met the immovable object.  The Spartan military is famous for its tremendous discipline to this day; boys were trained to be great soldiers beginning at age seven and serving the army from ages 20 to 60.  After 27 years of fighting between Athens and Sparta, the Athenian leader Nicias negotiated the Peace of Nicias (421 B.C.).
 
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But the peace lasted only a few years.  Fighting resumed, and Sparta defeated the combined armies of Athens and her allies at Mantinea.  In 415 a radical new leader of Athens, [[Alcibiades]], convinced the Athenian Assembly to invade Syracuse, a Peloponnesian ally in Sicily.  It was a total disaster.  The end was near for Athens, which was weakened further by a plague that killed much of her population.  Sparta then had a fleet to challenge Athens on the seas, and benefited from an extraordinary military leader named Lysander.  He seized Hellespont to cut off Athens’ grain imports and threaten Athens with starvation.  Athens sent all it had let to confront him, but failed at Aegospotami in 405 B.C.
 
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Faced with bankruptcy, Athens gave up nearly everything just to attain peace.  Athens lost her city walls and all of her possessions overseas.  She also lost democracy as Sparta’s anti-democratic party took control.  Sparta had won the Peloponnesian War.
 

Latest revision as of 00:14, January 9, 2007

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