First Samnite War
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The First Samnite War from 343 to 341 B.C. occurred when the cities of Campania called on Rome for assistance against the Samnite hill tribes. Marcus Valerius Corvus won a major victory at Mount Gaurus in 342 B.C., but could not conquer the Samnites. In the end, Rome did establish a virtual protectorate over Campania.
Sources
Encyclopedia of Military History, Dupuy & Dupuy, 1979